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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation energy for skeletal aragonite deposited by the hermatypic coral Platygyra spp. (1974)
    Springer
    Marine biology 26 (1974), S. 353-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Average radial growth rates of the hemispherical aragonite colonies deposited by the Indo-Pacific scleractinian reef coral Platygyra spp. were determined by measuring the thickness of density variations in the skeleton that are revealed by X-radiography. Ninety-one specimens from 21 localities were examined, but only 54 of these exhibited well-defined growth-banding. The apparent temperature dependence of growth rate is linear over the range 23.9° to 29.3°C, averaging 5.4±0.94 mm/year at 24°C, 8.0±0.42 mm/year at 27°C, and 9.7 ±0.58 mm/year at 29°C (90% confidence limits). Expression of the influence of temperature on growth rate in terms of the Arrhenius equation yields an activation energy of 20,680 cal/mole, which is comparable to values for typical biological reactions, but is only half that reported for skeletogenesis in another reef coral, Pocillopora damicornis, on the basis of controlled incubation studies involving 45Ca uptake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391518
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “Divide et Impera” (1878)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 18 (1878), S. 142-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] VERILY we have divided and subdivided, and as yet are but little nearer the “command” promised. I am a subscriber to your able magazine, which is extensively read in South America, and beg to bring the following subject to the notice of your zoological readers:- At this distance of 8,000 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/018142c0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CHARACTERIZATION OF COAL MINE DUST BY COMPUTER PROCESSING OF SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE INFORMATION (1972)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 200 (1972), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1972.tb40227.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallographic polarity determination of γ-CuI (1971)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 27 (1971), S. 852-853 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0567740871003054
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Minor and trace elements in HF-soluble zircons (1970)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 29 (1970), S. 180-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Electron probe analysis of a group of HF-soluble zircons from porphyroids of the Thuringian Forest, Germany, established yttrium, phosphorus, and iron to be the significant minor constituents. It is believed that these elements render the zircon structure HF-soluble. The Y content varies from about 6500–48000 ppm=0.83–6.10% Y2O3; the P concentrations range from a low of about 790 to a maximum of 4000 ppm=0.18–0.92% P2O5; the Fe content varies from about 400–15000 ppm=0.06–2.10% Fe2O3. Although both Y and P are distributed throughout each given grain, they are sometimes mutually enriched in growth zones. These zones are also resolved in reflected light micrographs and the electron images.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392024
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biomaterials innovation: it’s a long road to the operating room (1997)
    Springer
    Materials research innovations 1 (1997), S. 57-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-075X
    Keywords: Key words Porous-bioceramic ; Hydroxyapatite ; Bone repair innovation-steps ; Time-involved ; Replamine- form ; Bone graft substitute ; Coral ; (Interpore International)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  An innovative process for forming a wide variety of porous biomaterials was conceived of and developed over several years at a University and later by a company that licensed the early patents. The family of patents formed the basis for several promising innovative biomaterials devices. However, only one commercial product has been realized. That product is the very successfull coralline hydroxyapatite (HA) now widely used in orthopaedic surgery, oral and maxillofacial bone repair and plastic surgery. This paper challenges the equation of discovery with a genuine innovation which reaches the marketplace. The paper reviews several aspects of the innovation and development history with an emphasis on the challenges of bringing any new biomaterial through all the conceptual, developmental, business and regulatory hurdles. New class three medical devices require huge investments of time and money typically requiring a minimum of eight years and 15–20 million dollars per new device to take it from concept to an approved product. These hurdles are so high that most research innovations in biomaterials never get put into the developmental pipeline. This paper is presented from an anecdotal perspective of an innovator who has had a continuous research and development involvement in the technology but has no significant management involvement beyond the early startup activities. It differs from predecessors is that it deals not only with the initial step of discovery but in the very difficult steps that follow on the road to a real innovation. Several strategies that may help other R&D groups outside the biomedical industry shorten the development cycle and increase the probability that a given biomaterials innovation can be seen through to approved product are discussed. Guidelines are suggested for culling out ideas that are technically sound but that likely won’t lead to successful products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100190050019
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The restoration of articular surfaces overlying replamineform porous biomaterialsPresented in part at the Sixth International Biomaterials Symposium, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, April, 1974. (1977)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 11 (1977), S. 165-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Replamineform porous implants (4 mm × 4 mm diameter) were placed into full-thickness cartilage and bone defects of the weight-bearing surface of the lateral femoral condyles of adult male white rabbits. These were analyzed at 1 day, 1 week, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months for (1) ingrowth of tissue within the implants and (2) restoration of the articular surface overlying them. Appropriate unfilled, but similar, control defects were also studied.Mineralized bone was seen within the substance of both the TiO2 and hydroxyapatite implants at 1 week; this extremely rapid response was present in every specimen studied and was not seen with αAl2O3 or control animals. With the passage of time, maturation of this bone ingrowth occurred so that by 3 months, they were all incorportated into the surrounding bone.Only the hydroxyapatite implants showed consistent regenerative healing of hyaline articular cartilage from the margins of the defects with the passage of time; this occurred whenever the subchondral bone adjacent to the defect proliferated in a “creeping” fashion over the articular aspect of the implant, and the undamaged cartilage then followed it. Fibrocartilage, and not hyaline cartilage, formed the articular surface over the TiO2 and αAl2O3 implants and in the controls.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820110203
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