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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the Neutralizing Antibody Response to the Measles Virus Using Synthetic Peptides of the Haemagglutinin Protein (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 38 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Infection or immunization with measles virus induces a protective immune reaction including neutralizing antibodies against the haemagglutinin and fusion protein. The reactivity of the polyclonal IgG response of sera obtained from late convalescent donors was studied, using overlapping 15mer peptides covering the complete sequence of the measles virus haemagglutinin. Most sera reacted with a similar set of peptides generating a characteristic binding pattern. The reactive peptides correspond to a region mediating cell hemolysis (aa310–325), to regions which serve as targets to neutralizing antibodies and to a putative transmembrane region (aa35–58). The latter region contains also a human T-cell epitope providing evidence of a non-random association of T- and B-cell epitopes. We also immunized different strains of mice and rabbits with measles virus. In contrast to the human sera, animal sera with strong neutralizing activities did not react with any of the H-protein peptides. The mostly weak reactivities with the linear sequences contrast with the strong neutralizing activities of the human or animal antibodies, suggesting that these primarily recognize the fusion protein or conformational epitopes of the haemagglutinin protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1993.tb02589.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hierarchic T-Cell Help to Non-Linked B-Cell Epitopes (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The induction of antibodies against peptides requires the presence of a T helper cell epitope. In the absence of an added T-cell epitope only 10% of the mice, or less depending on the strain, gave an antibody response to a series of peptides of the measles virus (MV) fusion (F) protein. After co-immunization with a non-covalently coupled T-cell epitope more than 60% of the peptides became immunogenic. Considerable differences became apparent when BALB/c mice were immunized with peptides in the presence of different T-cell epitopes. An immunodominant T-cell epitope of the MV-F protein was more efficient than a subdominant or a cryptic T-cell epitope in providing help to a non-linked B-cell epitope. There is both a ranking order of the amount of help which B-cell epitopes require and a ranking order for the help T-cell epitopes are able to provide. The capability of a T-cell epitope to provide help to a B-cell epitope correlated with its own immunogenicity, i.e. the intensity of the antibody response to the peptide representing the T-cell epitope. The data suggest that for each MHC class II allele there is an optimal T-cell epitope which can provide help to a maximal number of B-cell epitopes and that such a peptide can be identified by its ability to induce antibodies against itself. By using this strategy, the authors were able to induce antibodies which cross-reacted with the MV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-336.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MS-Pep: a computer program for the interpretation of mass spectra of peptide libraries (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 359 (1997), S. 10-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is an established method for the qualitative analysis of synthetic peptide libraries and combinatorial mixtures or collections of small organic compounds. However, the calculation of the mass distribution of even small peptide mixtures is a time-consuming and error-proned task. Therefore, the computer program MS-Pep has been developed, which calculates the masses of expected peptides, byproducts and the mass distributions of peptide libraries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050528
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipopeptide als natürliche Adjuvantien für Impfstoffe aus Gram-negativen Bakterien (1993)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 80 (1993), S. 9-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Abstract Bacterial cell wall components such as lipopolysaccharide, a variety of membrane proteins, murein, and lipoprotein can act as immunoadjuvants for bacterial vaccines, thus enhancing protection from bacterial infections. Synthetically prepared N-terminal parts of the lipoprotein from Enterobacteria carrying three fatty acid residues or lipopeptide analogs containing one to four aminoacids bound to S-glycerylcysteine act as potent immunoadjuvants in vivo in combination with or covalently linked to antiges. Here we demonstrate that the supplementation ofSalmonella vaccines with these synthetic lipopeptides significantly enhances their vaccine efficiency in mice. Variations in the native lipopeptide structure regarding chain length and amino acid sequence of the peptide moiety, as well as modifications of the lipoamino acid, lead to reduction or even complete loss of the adjuvant activity. The immunoadjuvant properties of the lipopeptides as described here are mediated by an enhancement of the humoral immune response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01139751
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of hydantoins via N, N′-ureas derived from polymer-bound amino acids (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular diversity 3 (1997), S. 257-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-501X
    Keywords: automated synthesis ; combinatorial chemistry ; hydantoins ; imidazolidinediones ; solid phase synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Starting from carboxy-linked amino acids on trityl functionalized polystyrene resin a highly efficient solid-phase synthesis of hydantoins via N, N′-ureas was elaborated. The polymer-bound hydantoins can be used as scaffolds for further combinatorial transformations, such as alkylation. Cleavage from the resins yielded the corresponding hydantoins in good yields and purities as shown by ESI-MS and HPLC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009639804397
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A T-cell epitope determined with random peptide libraries and combinatorial peptide chemistry stimulates T cells specific for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (2000)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 11 (2000), S. 95-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: cutaneous T-cell lymphoma ; immunotherapy ; peptide library ; T-cell epitope ; tumour-associated antigen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:Mycosis fungoides is the most frequent T-cell lymphomaof the skin. Despite numerous attempts, no tumour antigens have yet beenidentified. Only in one case has an idiotype-derived peptide been found totrigger CTL of the respective patient. The identification of natural antigensrequires the cultivation of large amounts of tumour cells in vitro,which has been possible in two exceptional cases. The identification ofsynthetic epitopes for tumour-specific CTL with random peptide libraries canovercome this limitation and is a powerful tool for application in thedevelopment of immune therapies for a wide range of patients. Materials and methods:The critical amino acids for theconstruction of epitopes for the CTCL-specific CTL clone My-La CTL weredetermined with synthetic peptide libraries in positional scanning OX8 formatin a standard 61chromium release assay. Sixteen different peptidescould be synthesized from the combinatoric of these amino acids with thecanonical anchor amino acids for MHC binding. These peptides were tested fortheir capacity to stimulate My-La CTL and PBMC of an HLA-matched CTCL patient. Results:A synthetic epitope could be identified for My-La CTL,which was recognized in a HLA-restricted manner. The response towards thisepitope was comparable to the response towards their natural target My-La.Using these synthetic epitopes, T cells of a HLA-matched patient could beinduced in vitroand led to the establishment of different cell linesand clones. Some of these lines recognized the peptides as well as theallogenic but HLA-matched tumour cell line My-La, indicating that they arespecific for a naturally expressed tumour antigen. Conclusions:The identification of synthetic epitopes fortumour-specific CTL clones can be used for the development of vaccines forimmune therapies of cancer; such peptides can be applied inter-individually.Synthetic epitopes must not correspond to the natural ones, but they can beeven more potent as stimulation of specific T cells and can be fine-tuned toincrease the success of the therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008395812464
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