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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1986)
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 6 (1986), S. 57-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311697
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ranitidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcer disease: relationship between antisecretory effect and ulcer healing rate (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 5 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The relationship between drug-induced suppression of intragastric acidity and the rate of duodenal ulcer healing was examined using data for a single drug, ranitidine, from 156 clinical trials involving 16362 patients together with data on acid suppression from 37 studies of intragastric acidity in 630 subjects. In these studies ranitidine was given in doses ranging from 150 mg to 1200 mg per day administered in 9 different dosage regimens. The overall percentage of patients whose duodenal ulcers healed at 2 and 4 weeks on the different regimens was highly correlated with the percentage suppression of 24-hour intragastric acidity induced by different regimens. Thus the therapeutic benefit of a given ranitidine dosage regimen in healing duodenal ulcers relates directly to its antisecretory effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1991.tb00024.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute treatment of reflux oesophagitis: a multicentre trial to compare 150 mg ranitidine b.d. with 300 mg ranitidine q.d.s. (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 3 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: H2-receptor antagonists administered in conventional dosage regimens fail to heal a significant proportion of patients with moderate or severe reflux oesophagitis. We have compared the effects of a higher dose of ranitidine (300 mg q.d.s.) with the currently recommended dosage regimen (150 mg b.d.) in 138 patients suffering from reflux oesophagitis. After 4 weeks of treatment 29% of patients who received 150 mg ranitidine b.d., and 63% of patients who received 300 mg ranitidine q.d.s. had complete endoscopic healing of their lesions (P 〈 0.0001). After 8 weeks these proportions had increased to 54% and 75%, respectively (P 〈 0.01). After 4 weeks of treatment, compete symptomatic relief had been achieved in 46% of patients who received 150 mg ranitidine b.d and in 67% of patients who received 300 mg ranitidine q.d.s. (P 〈 0.05). After 8 weeks these proportions were 64% and 84%, respectively (P 〈 0.05). Both dosage schedules were well-tolerated. We conclude that more rapid symptom relief and healing in reflux oesophagitis can be achieved with 300 mg ranitidine q.d.s. than with 150 mg ranitidine b.d.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1989.tb00212.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of combined therapy with ranitidine and pirenzepine in the treatment of reflux oesophagitis (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 6 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The combination of a histamine H2-receptor antagonist and a muscarinic receptor antagonist has been reported to result in greater suppression of intragastric acidity than either agent alone. The present randomized, double-blind, multicentre trial compared the effects of the oral combination of 150 mg ranitidine b.d. plus 50 mg pirenzepine b.d. with 150 mg ranitidine b.d. plus placebo pirenzepine b.d. in the treatment of patients with reflux oesophagitis. All 157 patients had symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux with endoscopically confirmed oesophageal erosions (Savary and Miller grades I-III). After four weeks of treatment, healing rates were 32/75 (43%) in the combined treatment group and 34/76 (45%) in the group receiving ranitidine alone. After eight weeks, the cumulative healing rates had increased to 48/72 (67%) and 51/75 (68%), respectively. More patients receiving ranitidine plus pirenzepine had complete relief of day- and night-time heartburn after four weeks compared with those receiving ranitidine alone (day: 59% vs. 38%, P= 0.02; night: 69% vs. 52%, P= 0.04). After eight weeks, symptom relief was comparable in both groups. Clinical adverse effects were reported by nine patients receiving ranitidine and by 19 patients receiving the combination. It is concluded that combining ranitidine with pirenzepine does not aid the healing of reflux oesophagitis but does improve symptom relief at four weeks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1992.tb00575.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    safety of bismuth in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases (1996)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 10 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Bismuth preparations are commonly used to treat a variety of gastrointestinal disorders, including peptic ulcers and dyspepsia. The safety profile of currently approved bismuth preparations, such as tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate (De-Nol), bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) and ranitidine bismuth citrate (Pylorid, Tritec), is excellent. Adverse reactions to these agents are mild, transient and infrequent, and reports of serious adverse reactions are rare. This, in part, reflects the low systemic bioavailability of bismuth from these medicines: less than 1% of the bismuth dose administered is absorbed.During repeated dosing with ranitidine bismuth citrate 200, 400 or 800 mg b.d. trough plasma bismuth concentrations remain well below 50 μg/L. After 4 weeks of treatment median concentrations of 3.4 μg/L or less were reported amongst 1210 duodenal ulcer patients receiving this new chemical entity, while mean concentrations of 5.1 μg/L (plasma) and 12.3 μg/L (blood) have been reported in two studies of patients receiving tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate 120 mg q.d.s. for 4 weeks. Transient peak plasma bismuth concentrations greater than 50 μg/L are observed 30–60 min after dosing with tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate in some patients, but are not associated with any toxic effects. After discontinuation of treatment with bismuth preparations its excretion in urine may continue for up to 3 months, by which time blood bismuth concentrations have declined to pre-treatment values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1996.22163000.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ranitidine and cimetidine in the healing of duodenal ulcer: meta-analysis of comparative clinical trials (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 1 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: All available ranitidine and cimetidine comparative trials in acute duodenal ulcer disease were examined: of the 44 trials, 36 favoured ranitidine, and there was an overall difference in ulcer healing of 7%. Further stratification enabled examination of trials with common attributes: the most frequent endoscopic assessment was at 4 weeks to compare ranitidine 150 mg twice daily with cimetidine 1 g day−1 or 400 mg b.d. Twenty of these trials had sufficient data to permit pooling. Ranitidine was favoured in 18/20 trials and in three the differences achieved statistical significance. Results of the trials were combined using meta-analysis to calculate differences in ulcer healing. Most studies had sample sizes that were insufficient to detect clinically-important differences; the power to detect a 20% difference was less than 80% in 15/20 trials, and for a 10% difference was less than 80% in all but one trial. Fifteen trials compared ranitidine 150 mg b.d. with cimetidine 1 g day−1: healing after 4 weeks therapy was overall 6% greater for ranitidine. This was statistically significant (P 〈 0.05) and the combined total number of patients had a power of 83% to detect this difference. In five trials the dose of cimetidine used was 400 mg b.d.: the 12% difference in healing in favour of ranitidine 150 mg b.d. was statistically significant, and the combined trials had a power of 95% to detect this difference. Ranitidine 150 mg twice daily heals significantly more duodenal ulcers after 4 weeks of therapy than either cimetidine 400 mg b.d. or cimetidine 1 g day−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1987.tb00637.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The timing of the evening meal affects the pattern of 24-hour intragastric acidity (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 4 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The object of the study was to examine the effect of varying the time of the evening meal on the pattern of 24-h intragastric acidity. Ten healthy subjects were studied; they ate regular meals throughout the day, but between 17.00 and 21.35 hours were separated into three groups. On three different days each group was fed the same dinner at either 17.15, 19.15, or 21.15 hours (early, standard or late). Variation in the evening meal's time caused significant changes in the pattern of acidity in the afternoon and evening, but did not affect 24-h intragastric acidity or nocturnal acidity. Integrated afternoon acidity (14.00 hours to dinner) was 69, 169 and 324 mmol. h/L when the subjects ate early, standard and late meals, respectively; evening acidity (dinner to midnight) was 235, 43 and 1 mmol. h/L with the three meals, respectively. The results suggest that, to control intragastric acidity, when the evening meal is eaten early (17.15 hours) dosing with an H2-antagonist should be after that meal, when eaten at the standard time (19.15 hours) dosing should be at bedtime, but when dinner is late (21.15 hours) the optimal regimen may involve dosing after lunch and also at bedtime.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1990.tb00501.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Can higher doses of an H2-receptor antagonist accelerate duodenal ulcer healing? (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 3 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Drugs that inhibit gastric acid secretion heal duodenal ulcers at a rate that correlates with the ability of individual treatment regimens to decrease 24-h intragastric acidity. As current therapeutic regimens of ranitidine decrease 24-h intragastric acidity submaximally, higher dosages may expedite duodenal ulcer healing. To test this hypothesis a randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted in 245 patients with duodenal ulcer to compare the effects of standard dose (300 mg nocte) and highdose (300 mg q.d.s.) ranitidine. Patients were assessed after 2 weeks of treatment and, if unhealed, after a further 2 weeks of therapy. The therapeutic gain in ulcer healing at the 2-week endoscopy of the higher dose over the lower dose of ranitidine was 22% (68%vs 46%, P 〈 0.001). The cumulative ulcer healing rates at the 4-week endoscopy were 88% and 92% for the standard and high-dose ranitidine groups, respectively (N.S.). By 2 weeks, 61% of patients treated with standard ranitidine therapy and 79% of those receiving 300 mg ranitidine q.d.s. were pain-free (P 〈 0.01). A further 2 weeks of therapy enabled 88% and 97% of patients (N.S.) to become pain-free on these two regimens, respectively. The drug regimens were equally well tolerated. Thus higher-dose ranitidine can significantly accelerate the healing of duodenal ulcer with improvement in pain relief.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1989.tb00233.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geographical differences of gastric ulcer healing rate in patients treated with ranitidine or placebo (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 3 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The literature was searched for clinical trials evaluating the use of 300 mg ranitidine daily in the acute treatment of gastric ulcer. All available trials were examined, and the results compared between countries to determine the extent of any geographical variation in ulcer healing rates. Published placebo studies in gastric ulcer were also reviewed for comparison. Sixty-six publications were inspected to determine the trial design, country of origin, gastric ulcer healing rates, determined endoscopically, and details of patient demography.Overall worldwide healing rates for ranitidine treatment were 63% at week 4 and 86% at week 8 (n= 2349 and 2256 respectively), compared with 34% at week 4 and 52% at week 8 for placebo (n= 790 and 231 respectively). Statistically significant differences were found between the healing rates for individual countries at week 4 (P 〈 0.001) and week 8 (P 〈 0.001). However, after exclusion of the results from Japan (35%, n= 278) and Yugoslavia (97%, n= 32) at week 4, and from Japan (80%, n= 467) and France (65%, n= 52) at week 8, the healing rates from the remaining countries were not statistically different from one another. The limited data available in relation to age, sex and smoking habits, or placebo healing rates contributed little to explaining these aberrant results.It is concluded that there is variation in gastric ulcer healing rates between countries, but only results from Japan seem to be out of line with the rest of the world.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1989.tb00222.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute treatment of reflux oesophagitis: a multicentre study to compare 150 mg ranitidine twice daily with 300 mg ranitidine at bedtime (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 3 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A randomized, double-blind, clinical trial was undertaken to compare 150 mg ranitidine b.d. with 300 mg ranitidine nocte in the treatment of reflux oesophagitis. Endoscopy data were evaluable for 336 patients after 8 weeks of treatment. At this time 75% of patients who received 150 mg ranitidine b.d., and 73% of those who received 300 mg nocte, had healed or showed endoscopic improvement to grade I oesophagitis. At 12 weeks these rates had increased to 89 and 88%, respectively. Oesophageal biopsies from 258 patients at 8 weeks showed histological improvement in 44 and 47% of those treated with 150 mg ranitidine b.d. and 300 mg ranitidine nocte, respectively. After 12 weeks histological improvement was apparent in 57 and 54% of biopsies from each group, respectively. Symptom severity and frequency was reduced to a similar extent by both treatments. Adverse events were reported by 15 patients. A 300–mg bedtime dose of ranitidine was found to be a well-tolerated, effective alternative to twice daily treatment in reflux oesophagitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1989.tb00203.x
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