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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonance Raman investigations of cytochrome P450CAM from Pseudomonas putida (1978)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 100 (1978), S. 3743-3751 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00480a015
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonance Raman detection of an iron-sulfur bond in cytochrome P 450cam (1982)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 104 (1982), S. 5469-5472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00384a037
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of gonadal hormones on sexual differences in sensitivity to methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 8 (1994), S. 215-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Methamphetamine ; estrogen ; testosterone ; Parkinson's
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The administration of high doses of methamphetamine to mice causes long-lasting depletions of striatal dopamine to a greater extent in males than in females. Likewise, the incidence of Parkinson's disease is higher in males than in females. The present study investigated the roles of estrogen and testosterone in mediating the dopamine depletion induced by methamphetamine. Male and female mice received four cumulative SC doses of methamphetamine (10 mg/kg) at two hour intervals and were sacrificed two weeks later for HPLC analysis of striatal monoamines. Intact male mice were found to have a 76% dopamine depletion, which was significantly greater than the 37% depletion exhibited by the intact female mice. Neither removal of the ovaries nor removal of the testes one month prior to the methamphetamine treatment significantly changed the magnitude of the methamphetamine-induced dopamine depletion. Thus, the reduced sensitivity of female mice to methamphetamine may be independent of physiological gonadal hormones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260942
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sexual differences in sensitivity to methamphetamine toxicity (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 93 (1993), S. 67-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Methamphetamine ; Parkinson's ; sex ; dopamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Male and female mice were treated with methamphetamine (10.0 mg/kg/injection for four injections) and sacrificed two weeks later. It was observed that the methamphetamine treatment caused depletions in striatal dopamine which were significantly greater in males (74%) than in females (56%). These results indicate that estrogen may have a protective effect against methamphetamine-induced dopamine depletions and may relate to the fact that males are more likely to incur Parkinson's disease than females.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244939
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aerobic biometer analysis of glucose and starch biodegradation (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of polymers and the environment 1 (1993), S. 203-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8900
    Keywords: Carbon balance ; aerobic biodegradation ; acclimation ; microbial carbon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The ASTM D5210-91 protocol for evaluating the biodegradability of a polymer was examined. The reactor design was modified not only to account for the total CO2 evolved but also to allow for the simultaneous carbon assessment in microbes, soluble products, and solid samples. Improvements in the test procedure were implemented such as (1) refining the CO2 pretrap and posttrap design, (2) optimizing the carbon dioxide removal efficiency, (3) accounting for the total polymeric carbon, (4) standardizing the inoculum, and (5) revising the nutrient medium. By growing the sludge on a suitable substrate prior to polymeric exposure, a constant microbial density was obtained. The modified ASTM method provides an assessment of the polymeric carbon degradation at any given time. The results of this work have specific significance to the behavior of polymers in a sewage waste treatment plant, where sludge is continuously being acrated, and also for aerobic biodegradation in general.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01458028
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of deprenyl on methamphetamine-induced dopamine depletions (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 89 (1992), S. 123-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Dopamine ; deprenyl ; methamphetamine ; Parkinson's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of deprenyl on methamphetamine-induced dopamine depletions were studied in mice. Four SC injections of 12.5 mg/kg of methamphetamine at two-hour intervals caused substantial (72–82%) and longlasting depletions of striatal dopamine. Pretreatment with either 25 or 40 mg/ kg of deprenyl did not significantly alter the magnitude of this depletion. These results indicate that, unlike what is observed following MPTP, there is no protection afforded dopaminergic cells by deprenyl pretreatment in the methamphetamine model of parkinsonism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01245358
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attenuation of MPTP-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity by a serotonin uptake blocker (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 71 (1988), S. 85-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Fluoxetine ; MPTP ; dopamine ; serotonin ; parkinsonism ; astrocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) has been determined to be the enzyme responsible for the conversion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) into its toxic metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine ion (MPP+). Since this enzyme has been localized primarily in astrocytes and serotonergic neurons, it would appear that MPP+ is being produced outside the dopaminergic neurons. To investigate this possibility, the administration of MPTP was preceded by systemically administered fluoxetine. In keeping with its demonstrated ability to inhibit uptake into serotonergic neurons and serotonin uptake into astrocytes, fluoxetine pretreatment resulted in a significant attenuation of MPTP-induced depletions of striatal dopamine and serotonin concentration. These results support the extra-dopaminergic production of MPP+.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01245250
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Astrocytes as a primary locus for the conversion MPTP into MPP+ (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 76 (1989), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Dopamine ; serotonin ; astrocyte ; fluoxetine ; MPTP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The enzymatic conversion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion by monoamine oxidase-B is an essential step mediating the dopaminergic neurotoxicity. Since monoamine oxidase-B is located primarily in serotonergic neurons and astrocytes, the production of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion is thought to be extra-dopaminergic. This study provides evidence in support of this conclusion. Pretreating mice with fluoxetine (a serotonergic uptake inhibitor) before the administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine attenuated the dopaminergic neurotoxicity. This was not the result of a nonspecific inhibition of dopaminergic uptake, as fluoxetine pretreatment did not attenuate the dopaminergic neurotoxicity resulting from the intrastriatal administration of the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion. Further localization of the primary site of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion production as being astrocytes was provided by the failure of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine-induced serotonergic lesions to attenuate the neurotoxicity produced by administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, whereas, fluoxetine pretreatment in similarly lesioned subjects, continued to attenuate 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that astrocytes are a principle site of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244987
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased sensitivity of mice to tremorogenic agents following MPP+ (1987)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 92 (1987), S. 470-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ; 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion ; Dopamine ; Parkinson's disease ; Active avoidance ; Acetylcholine ; Tremor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The behavioral effects following intrastriatal MPP+, the neurotoxic metabolite of MPTP, were evaluated in mice. Bilateral injections of 10 ίcro;g MPP+ to mice previously trained in the shuttle box paradigm produced a 66% decrease in striatal dopamine and significant deficits in all measures of conditioned avoidance responding. In addition, although these mice showed no deficits in baseline rotorod performance, challenge with the cholinergic agonist oxotremorine revealed that MPP+-treated mice exhibited an increased sensitivity to the disruptive effects of the drug at each dose and time point. Finally, MPP+-treated mice also exhibited an increase in tremor induced by 0.1 and 0.15 mg/kg oxotremorine. These observations are discussed in reference to idiopathic parkinsonism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176480
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of single or multiple choice trials per session on drug discrimination performance (1987)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 92 (1987), S. 529-535 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Drug discrimination ; Cyclazocine ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Drug discrimination procedures typically provide for multiple choice opportunities per training session. This practice allows non-drug cues (presence or absence of reinforcement) to mediate choice behavior during that portion of the session following the initial choice. In this experiment, rats were trained to discriminate 1.0 mg/kg cyclazocine from saline using a novel procedure that employed a single-choice trial per training session. Drug discrimination acquisition and generalization were compared to those of rats given discrimination training with 30 choice trials per session. The one-trial procedure yielded stable and reliable acquisition but more slowly than did the multiple trials procedure. The one-trial procedure produced longer first trial choice latencies and enhanced the tendency for subjects to respond on both choice levers during the first trial. The cyclazocine generalization functions were comparable, but the one-trial subjects more often responded on both choice levers, particularly when administered intermediate test doses of cyclazocine. Control of choice behavior by the reinforcer cue was evaluated on a mid-session cue reversal test. Multiple-trial subjects persisted in responding on the saline level following a midsession injection of cyclazocine, whereas one-trial subjects shifted to the cyclazocine-appropriate lever.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176490
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