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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multichannel electron cyclotron emission radiometry for magnetohydrodynamic mode studies in TEXTOR : Proceedings of the eleventh topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 492-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Localized magnetohydrodynamic modes occur frequently as precursors to dangerous plasma disruptions in tokamaks. Fast electron cyclotron emission (ECE) radiometry permits a space-resolved study of the dynamic behavior of these instabilities. Two types of multichannel, heterodyne ECE systems working on TEXTOR are briefly described. Temperature profile perturbations caused by tearing modes are shown. Typical Te fluctuations generated by rotating magnetic islands are presented. An early disruption warning system was built and tested on TEXTOR discharges. A real-time cross correlation calculation of two ECE signals is used to identify an m=2 mode. An analog alarm signal is generated then early during the instability evolution. An experimental test result is presented from a beam-heated tokamak plasma. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147758
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High confinement and high density with stationary plasma energy and strong edge radiation cooling in the upgraded Torus Experiment for Technology Oriented Research (TEXTOR-94) : The 38th annual meeting of the Division of Plasma Physics (DPP) of the American Physical Society (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 1690-1698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An overview of the results obtained so far for the radiative I-mode regime on the upgraded Torus Experiment for Technology Oriented Research (TEXTOR-94) [Proceedings of the 16th IEEE Symposium on Fusion Engineering (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Piscataway, NJ, 1995), Vol. 1, p. 470] is given. This regime is obtained under quasistationary conditions with edge neon seeding in a pumped limiter tokamak with circular cross section. It combines high confinement and high β (up to a normalized beta, βn=2) with low edge q values (down to qa=2.8) and high density even above the Greenwald limit together with dominant edge radiative heat exhaust, and therefore shows promise for the future of fusion research. Bulk and edge properties of these discharges are described, and a detailed account is given of the energy and particle confinement and their scaling. Energy confinement scales linearly with density as for the nonsaturated Ohmic Neo-Alcator scaling, but the usual degradation with total power remains. No deleterious effects of the neon seeding on fusion reactivity and plasma stability have been observed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872343
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elektronenverluste in einem abklingenden Wasserstoffplasma (1967)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 198 (1967), S. 548-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The time dependence of the electron density in the afterglow period of an electrodeless discharge in hydrogen was measured by means of 4- and 8-mm microwave interferometry. An exponential decay was observed in the late afterglow permitting the evaluation of a time constant in the density range from 1012–1010 electrons per cm3. The decay time of the plasma was influenced by the discharge conditions. Electron losses could be explained by ambipolar diffusion and attachment to impurities. Two diffusion coefficients were found correlated to the discharge duration. The mobility value H0=10.1±1.0 cm2/V · sec calculated from the diffusion coefficient found for short discharge pulses agrees with Saporoschenkos mobility value μ0=10.2 cm2/V · sec for the H 3 + -ion. A second mobility value μ0=14.8±1.2cm2/V · sec found for longer discharge pulses might refer to the H+-ion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01325981
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasmaausbreitung in einer induktiven Hochfrequenzentladung (1969)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 218 (1969), S. 298-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The expansion of plasma in the early stage of an inductive high frequency discharge in helium has been investigated experimentally. In a collision dominated case a non-stationary ambipolar diffusion current transfers a lightly ionized plasma from a source region into an initially neutral ambient gas. Time resolved measurements of electron density and electron temperature have been performed at the source and at a test point outside of the plasma source region by 4 mm-microwave interferometer and pulsed double probe techniques. A comparison of experimental data with calculations based on a simplified diffusion model for collision dominated plasma expansion is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01458411
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acoustic perturbations in a pulsedRF-plasma (1970)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 233 (1970), S. 351-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The response of a stationary weakly ionized plasma to a density perturbation in the neutral gas component was studied in a neon plasma with the following typical properties: electron density ¯N e≈8×1012 cm−3, electron temperature on the axis of the vesselT e0≈3.0 eV; neutral gas densityN n≈1×1017cm−3 and neutral gas temperatureT n0≈600 °K. A neutral density perturbation, generated 50 cm apart from the plasma, produces a fluctuation in the ion density and a sharp spike in the differential voltage of a floating double probe. The experimental observations demonstrate the propagation of an ion sheath and of an electric field perturbation together with the neutral density perturbation. An interpretation of the plasma response to acoustic wave pulses has been proposed by Ingard and Schulz in a theory on acoustic wave modes in a weakly ionized gas. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical expectations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01397794
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Darstellung und Charakterisierung von C70Br14 (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 623 (1997), S. 623-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Fullerene C70 ; bromination ; functionalization ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Characterization of C70Br14C70Br14 was obtained by bromination of fullerene C70 in liquid bromine or the solvents 1,1,2,2-tetrachlorethane and CS2, respectively. The compound was characterized by elemental analysis, thermal analysis, 13C-solid-state-NMR and powder diffraction. The lattice parameters are a = 32.09(2), b = 10.731(7), c = 18.135(6) Å, β = 110.92(4)°, V = 5834(4) Å3, Z = 4. At room temperature C70Br14 decomposes slowly to less bromine containing samples. Thermal analysis (heating rate 5°/min) shows decomposition to C70 and Br2 at 134,9°C.
    Notes: C70Br14 wurde durch Bromierung von C70 in Brom bzw. in den Lösungsmitteln 1,1,2,2-Tetrachlorethan oder CS2 dargestellt. Die Verbindung wurde mittels Elementaranalyse, thermischer Analyse, 13C-Festkörperkernresonanzspektroskopie und Pulverdiffraktometrie charakterisiert. Die Gitterkonstanten betragen a = 32,09(2), b = 10,731(7), c = 18,135(6) Å, β = 110,92(4)·, V = 5834(4) Å3, Z = 4. Die Verbindung zerfällt langsam bei Raumtemperatur in bromärmere Addukte. Mittels thermischer Analyse (Aufheizgeschwindigkeit 5°/min) wurde der Zerfall in C70 und Br2 bei 134,9°C detektiert.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19976230198
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Darstellung und Charakterisierung der Fulleren-Kokristallisate C60 · 12 C6H12, C70 · 12 C6H12, C60 · 12 CCl4, C60 · 2 CHBr3, C60 · 2 CHCl3, C60 · 2 H2CCl2 (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 621 (1995), S. 14-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Fullerene C60, C70 ; Crystallization from non-polar solvents ; Characterization of co-crystals ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Characterization of the Fullerene Co-Crystals C60 · 12 C6H12, C70 · 12 C6H12, C60 · 12 CCl4, C60 · 2CHBr3, C60 · 2CHCl3, C60 · 2H2CCl2By crystallization of fullerenes from non-polar solvents (C6H12, CCl4, CHBr3, CHCl3, H2CCl2) compounds of the following compositions were obtained: C60 · 12C6H12, C70 · 12C6H12, C60 · 12CCl4, C60 · 2CHCl3, C60 · 2CHBr3 and C60 · 2H2CCl2.Lattice parameters have been determined by X-ray diffraction of powder samples; according to single-crystal examinations on C60 · 12C6H12, C60 · 12CCl4 and C60 · 2CHBr3 the fullerene is orientationally disordered.C60 · 12C6H12, cubic, a = 28.167(1) Å; C70 · 12C6H12, cubic, a = 28.608(2) Å; C60 · 12CCl4, cubic, a = 27.42(1) Å; C60 · 2CHBr3, hexagonal, a = 10.212(1), c = 10.209(1) Å; C60 · 2CHCl3, hexagonal, a = 10.08(1), c = 10.11(2) Å; C60 · 2H2CCl2, tetragonal, a = 16.400(1) Å, c = 11.645(7) Å.
    Notes: Bei der Kristallisation von Fullerenen aus unpolaren Lösungsmitteln (C6H12, CCl4, CHBr3, CHCl3, H2CCl2) entstehen Kokristallisate der Zusammensetzung C60 · 12C6H12, C70 · 12C6H12, C60 · 12 CCl4, C60 · 2CHCl3, C60 · 2CHBr3 und C60 · 2H2CCl2. Die Gitterparameter wurden durch Röntgenbeugung an Pulvern bestimmt, nach Einkristalluntersuchungen an C60 · 12C6H12, C60 · 12CCl4 und C60 · 2CHBr3 liegt Orientierungsfehlordnung von C60 vor.C60 · 12C6H12, kubisch, a = 28,167(1) Å; C70 · 12C6H12, kubisch, a = 28,608(2) Å; C60 · 12CCl4, kubisch, a = 27,42(1) Å; C60 · 2CHBr3, hexagonal, a = 10,212(1), c = 10,209(1) Å; C60 · 2CHCl3, hexagonal, a = 10,08(1), c = 10,11(2) Å; C60 · 2H2CCl2, tetragonal, a = 16,400(1) Å, c = 11,645(7) Å.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19956210105
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