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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A calcium conducting channel akin to a calcium pump (1992)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 130 (1992), S. 163-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: calcium pump ; sarcoplasmic reticulum ; calcium channel ; ryanodine receptor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Calcium conducting channels were studied in blebs of sarcoplasmic reticulum described by Stein & Palade (1988). The calcium channels had at least three conductance states (70 pS, 50 pS and 37 pS) and were weakly selective for calcium ions, with a permeability ratio Ca2+ to K+ of about 3.4. The open probability of the channel was strongly voltage dependent, decreasing at positive membrane voltages. 10 μm ryanodine and 5 μm ruthenium red had no effect on this channel; neither did millimolar concentrations of ATP, Mg2+, caffeine, and Ca2+, implying that the calcium conducting channels are not ryanodine receptors. Several calcium pump inhibitors—namely, vanadate, AlF 4 − , reactive red 120, and cyclopiazonic acid—had obvious effects on the calcium conducting channels, suggesting that the calcium conducting channel of SR membrane blebs is some form of the SR calcium pump. We thank the National Science Foundation for steadfast support.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231894
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary beam energy dependence of properties in ion beam sputtered spin–valve films (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 4922-4924 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Spin–valve films with the structure Ta/NiFe/FeCo/Cu(18–30 Å)/FeCo/FeMn–70 Å/Ta were deposited using a Veeco ion beam deposition (IBD) system, model IBD-350. The physical properties of these spin–valve films as a function of primary ion beam energy have been studied in a primary ion beam energy range of 600–1500 eV. Xe was used as the working gas. The optimal ion beam energy range for the best spin-valve performance has been found to be around 600 eV. Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) values of ΔR/R∼8% have been measured for the spin–valve films deposited in this energy range. A strong dependence on beam energy of magnetic properties for these spin–valve films has been observed in the energy range from 600 to 1500 eV. ΔR/R for spin–valve films with a Cu layer thickness of 22 Å decreases from 7.5% at 600 eV monotonically to 6.1% at 1500 eV with increasing ion beam energy. Interlayer coupling field increases from 20 Oe at 600 eV to 37 Oe at 1500 eV. Further reduction in the interlayer coupling field to 13 Oe and an increase in ΔR/R to 8% have been achieved by depositing the free layer at 1000 eV and the rest of the layers at 600 eV. These are consistent with the improvement in crystallographic orientation and crystallinity of these spin–valve films. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369143
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion beam deposition processes for improved hard bias magnetic and device properties in the abutted junction configuration (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 6615-6617 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Permanent magnet films of Cr/CoCrPt for use in an abutted junction hard bias scheme were deposited by an ion beam deposition (IBD) system. The deposition angle control of IBD systems was employed to yield some excellent material and device related improvements. For films with the structure Cr-50 Å/CoCrPt-250 Å, increasing the deposition angle θ (as measured from the substrate normal) of the Cr layer from 20° to 60°, resulted in an increase in coercivity from 1860 to 1905 Oe. X-ray diffraction measurements showed that this improvement was related to an increase in CoCrPt in-plane texture and a decrease in c-axis perpendicular texture. The reason for this increase in in-plane texture is that there is better epitaxial matching between the CoCrPt and the Cr underlayer brought about by a change in the lattice dimension of Cr as a result of changing stress levels. Another positive effect of depositing the Cr at a larger angle is that the Cr would be thicker farther into the abutted junction and thus delay the onset of poor magnetic properties due to a thinning underlayer. The angle of deposition parameter can be used to further advantage by depositing the lead layer at a larger angle than the permanent magnet layers. This type of scheme would allow the leads to encroach over the permanent magnets and make direct contact with the sensor, yielding low contact resistance. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372788
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proton NMR study on the molecular motion and conformation of polyaniline doped with HCl (1989)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 21 (1989), S. 221-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Proton NMR spectra and spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) for polyaniline doped with HCl were measured at 90MHz over a temperature range of 110–430K. A narrow line with a width of about 1–2KHz superimposed on broad NMR peak was observed above 210K, and it was tentatively assigned to the protons in dopant and absorbed water. The analysis of linewidths and second moments for the broad lines reveal two distinct relaxation processes with activation energies of 1.9 and 7.8Kcal./mole,respectively. The former may be associated with the motion of the dopant and water absorbed and the latter with the rotation of benzoid ring about C-N bond axis. The second moment data suggest that the twist angle between the adjacent rings decreases with rising the doping ratio. Proton NMR relaxation rate was fitted with a theoretical equation containing the contributions from nuclear dipolar interaction and from electron-proton interaction, Rd and Rp, respectively.Rd is negligible below room temperature and Rp has little change above 100K. The total relaxation rate is dominated by Rp near room temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266177
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electromagnetic properties of bulk Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor at low magnetic fields (1990)
    Springer
    Applied physics 50 (1990), S. 373-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 74.00
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Magnetization and critical current density measurements have been performed on a Bi1.7Pb0.3Sr2Ca2Cu5O y bulk material as the functions of magnetic field and temperature. The diamagnetic shielding effect has been discussed from the initial magnetization curve. The lower critical field of bulk granular superconductor (H g) and the lower critical field of superconducting grains (H c1) are estimated from magnetization curves. They are both linearly decreasing functions of temperature: (dH g/dT) and (dH c1/dT) are −0.4 and −1.8 G/K respectively. The transport critical current density drops drastically by a factor of 4 at a magnetic field of about 20G. The magnetization J c of superconducting grains derived from the remanent magnetization is about 106 A/cm2 at 77 K, zero field, much greater than the transport J c. The experimental results reveal that the transport J c is dominated by weaklink current between grains. The magnetization J c versus temperature has been obtained from the remanent flux at zero magnetic field and is a linearly decreasing function of temperature within experimental error.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00323594
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generalized method for prediction of saturated liquid volumes using Van der Waals volumes (1996)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 42 (1996), S. 595-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690420228
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