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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) production by Thraustochytrium sp. ATCC 20892 (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 12 (1996), S. 76-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Docosahexaenoic acid ; fatty acids ; fungus ; lipid ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; Thraustochytrium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Thraustochytrium sp. ATCC 20892 produced high yields of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), more than four other strains of Thraustochytrium and Schizochytrium tested, but insignificant amounts of other polyunsaturated fatty acids. Glucose and sodium glutamate were the preferred carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, and the optimum conditions for growth and DHA production were pH 7.0 at 25°C with 40 g glucose 1-1 for 4 days. Temperature profiling under these optimum conditions further enhanced the yield and volumetric productivity of DHA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327806
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of docosahexaenoic acid byThraustochytrium roseum (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 13 (1994), S. 238-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Docosahexaenoic acid ; Thraustochytrium, Omega-3 fatty acids ; Fermentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary When threeThraustochytrium stains were cultivated in liquid media containing 2.5% starch and 0.2% yeast extract, initial pH 6.0, with shaking under fluorescent light for five days at 25°C, similar biomass yields were observed (9.7–10.3 g L−1). Contents of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in biomass varied: 0.15, 3.55 and 6.40% w/w forT. striatum ATCC 24473,T. aureum ATCC 34304 andT. roseum ATCC 28210, respectively. In further studies,T. roseum produced a maximum titer of 0.85 g of DHA per liter of culture broth. The DHA content of total lipids ranged from 46–49% w/w.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569755
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrolysis of ethyl mandelate and esterification of 2-bromopropionic acid in micro-emulsions (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 14 (1995), S. 416-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Lipase fromCandida cylindraceae possessed higher catalytic activity, both in the hydrolysis of (dl)-ethyl mandelate in sodium dodecyl sulfonate/n-butanol/n-octane oil-in-water micro-emulsion and in the esterification of α-bromopropionic acid withn-butanol in sodium dodecyl sulfate/n-butanol/n-octane water-in-oil micro-emulsion, than in traditional water and oil biphasic solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569960
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a method for the application of solid-phase microextraction to monitor biodegradation of volatile hydrocarbons during bacterial growth on crude oil (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 25 (2000), S. 155-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: biodegradation; crude oil; SPME; volatile hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A quantitative solid-phase microextraction, gas chromatography, flame ionization detector (SPME-GC-FID) method for low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons from crude oil was developed and applied to live biodegradation samples. Repeated sampling was achieved through headspace extractions at 30°C for 45 min from flasks sealed with Teflon Mininert. Quantification without detailed knowledge of oil–water–air partition coefficients required the preparation of standard curves. An inverse relationship between retention time and mass accumulated on the SPME fibre was noted. Hydrocarbons from C5 to C16 were dated and those up to C11 were quantified. Total volatiles were quantified using six calibration curves. Biodegradation of volatile hydrocarbons during growth on crude oil was faster and more complete with a mixed culture than pure isolates derived therefrom. The mixed culture degraded 55% of the compounds by weight in 4 days versus 30–35% by pure cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Rhodococcus globerulus or a co-culture of the two. The initial degradation rate was threefold higher for the mixed culture, reaching 45% degradation after 48 h. For the mixed culture, the degradation rate of individual alkanes was proportional to the initial concentration, decreasing from hexane to undecane. P. fluorescens was unable to degrade any of the low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and methylcyclohexane was recalcitrant in all cases. Overall, the method was found to be reliable and cost-effective. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 25, 155–162.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.7000046
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biotransformation of aromatic aldehydes bySaccharomyces cerevisiae: Investigation of reaction rates (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 4 (1989), S. 49-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: l-Phenylacetyl carbinol ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Yeast ; Benzaldehyde ; Biotransformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The rate of production ofl-phenylacetyl carbinol bySaccharomyces cerevisiae in reaction mixtures containing benzaldehyde with sucrose or pyruvate as cosubstrate was investigated in short 1 h incubations. The effect of yeast dose rate, sucrose and benzaldehyde concentration and pH on the rate of reaction was determined. Maximum biotransformation rates were obtained with concentrations of benzaldehyde, sucrose and yeast of 6 g, 40 g and 60 g/l, respectively. Negligible biotransformation rates were observed at a concentration of 8 g/l benzaldehyde. The reaction had a pH optimum of 4.0–4.5. Rates of bioconversion of benzaldehyde and selected substituted aromatic aldehydes using both sucrose and sodium pyruvate as cosubstrate were compared. The rate of aromatic alcohol production was much higher when sucrose was used rather than pyruvate.o-Tolualdehyde and 1-chlorobenzaldehyde were poor substrates for aromatic carbinol formation although the latter produced significant aromatic alcohol in sucrose-containing media. Yields of 2.74 and 3.80 g/l phenylacetyl carbinol were produced from sucrose and pyruvate, respectively, in a 1 h reaction period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569693
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of BTEX compounds in liquid media and in peat biofilters (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 16 (1996), S. 309-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: biofilter ; BTEX ; biodegradation ; vapours
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A mixed culture, enriched from Sphagnum peat moss, contaminated with gasoline vapours, degraded individual and mixed components of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene). Complete degradation of radiolabelled toluene by the mixed culture was observed in mineralisation studies. Individual isolates from a mixed culture containingPseudomonas maltophilia, P. testosteroni andP. putida biotype A exhibited contrasting BTEX degradation patterns. WhileP. putida biotype A degraded all of the BTEX compounds,P. maltophilia andP. testosteroni, appeared unable to degrade benzene and xylenes, respectively. When the peat, inoculated with the mixed culture, was used as a biofilter (6.2 cm diameter ×93 cm length) for degradation of toluene and ethylbenzene vapours, percentage removal efficiencies were 99 and 85, respectively. When the capacity of the biofilter to degrade a combination of BTEX compounds was evaluated, percentage removal efficiencies for toluene, ethylbenzene,p-xylene,o-xylene and benzene were 99, 85, 82, 80 and 78, respectively. The importance of using the mixed culture as an inoculum in the biofilter was established and also the relationship between contaminated vapour flow rate and percentage removal efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570040
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of high yields of docosahexaenoic acid byThraustochytrium roseum ATCC 28210 (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 16 (1996), S. 370-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Thraustochytrium roseum ; fed-batch ; lipid ; docosahexaenoic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Culture conditions for growth and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) production byThraustochytrium roseum ATCC 28210 were investigated with a view to increasing DHA titers. A medium was formulated (Medium 6) which produced a biomass and DHA content of 10.4 g L−1 and 1011 mg L−1, respectively, in a 5-day incubation. A fed-batch culture system was also developed which achieved biomass and DHA titers of 17.1 g L−1 and 2000 mg L−1, respectively, in 12 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570118
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production and characterisation of a biosurfactant isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa UW-1 (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 19 (1997), S. 232-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; rhamnolipid; biosurfactant; fermentation; purification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pseudomonas aeruginosa UW-1 produced 17–24 g L−1 rhamnolipid in vegetable oil-containing media in shake flask cultures in 13 days. In time course studies of growth and rhamnolipid production in a salts medium containing 6% canola oil, total bacterial count reached 2.6 × 1010 CFU ml−1 after 48 h and a maximum rhamnolipid yield of 24.3 g L−1 was obtained after 9 days. Rhamnolipid components were purified and separated by chloroform-methanol extraction and TLC chromatography. The major rhamnolipid components were characterised as L-rhamnosyl-β-hydroxydecanoyl-β-hydroxydecanoate and L-rhamnosyl-L-rhamnosyl-β-hydroxydecanoyl-β-hydroxydecanoate by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The components were separated preparatively by silica gel column chromatography. The recovered monorhamnosyl fraction contained no dirhamnosyl moiety while the recovered dirhamnosyl fraction contained 5% of the monorhamnosyl moiety when analyzed by HPLC. The ratio of mono- to dirhamnosyl components produced by P. aeruginosa UW-1 was determined by HPLC to be 4 : 1 by weight. Purified mono- and dirhamnosyl components had the same CMC value of 40 μg ml−1 and decreased the surface tension of water to 27.7 and 30.4 dynes cm−1, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900450
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth ofRhizopus arrhizus in fermentation media (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 4 (1989), S. 155-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Rhizopus arrhizus ; Fungal growth ; Filamentous growth ; Hyphal morphology ; Fermentation medium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Rhizopus arrhizus biomass attached itself to fermentor walls, baffles and impellers when grown in casein/ glucose media. In shake flasks, dispersed filamentous growth was produced in media containing certain concentrations of glucose and soya flour. Other media tested produced pelleted or clumpy growth. Medium initial pH did not affect morphology type. Dispersed growth could not be obtained by addition of detergents, oils and polymers to a clear glucose/soya peptone medium. Addition of maize solids to this medium resulted in dispersed growth which occurred even in the presence of calcium, which in most media caused pellet formation. Mycelia appeared to bind to the maize particles and use these as growth centres thereby preventing pellet or clump formation. Mycelial pellets appeared to originate either from a single spore or by interaction of branched hyphae from different spores. Medium composition and macro-morphology type correlate with differences in hyphal structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569800
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of some microbial arabinan-degrading enzymes (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 4 (1989), S. 173-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Arabinan-degrading enzyme ; Arabanase ; p-Nitrophenyl-α-l-arabinosidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary A variety of thermophilic organisms andBacillus species were screened in shake flask culture for arabanase andp-nitrophenyl-α-l-arabinosidase activities. Highest arabanase activity was produced by strains ofThielavia terrestris andSporotrichum cellulophilum. Thermoascus aurantiacus and severalBacillus species were most active producers of arabinosidase. Arabinosidases fromBacillus strains had pH optima in the range 5.9–6.7. pH optima of fungal arabinosidases ranged from ≤2.9 to 6.7.Bacillus arabanases had neutral pH optima, whereas fungal arabanases had pH optima in the range 3.7–5.1. In general, arabinosidases were found to be relatively thermostable, retaining 〉70% activity for 3 h at 60°C. TheT. aurantiacus enzyme retained 98% activity at 70°C after 3 h.Bacillus arabanases were relatively unstable. All fungal arabanases except theT. aurantiacus enzyme were fully denatured at 70°C after 3 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01574074
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