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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen transport and acid-base balance in the blood of the sheatfish, Silurus glanis
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Respiration Physiology 46 (1981), S. 223-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-5687
    Keywords: Bohr effect ; Buffer value ; Extracellular pH ; Haldane effect ; Hemoglobin ; Intracellular pH ; Root effect ; Temperature
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0034-5687(81)90123-7
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analyse des Sauerstoffverbrauchs vonPeriplaneta americana bei konstanten und tagesperiodisch wechselnden Temperaturbedingungen (1976)
    Springer
    Oecologia 24 (1976), S. 175-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary By means of the oxygen consumption, the influence of constant and diurnally alternating temperatures on the metabolism rate of the American cockroachPeriplaneta americana was investigated. By analysing the daily rhythm of the metabolism, the resting and activity phase of the animals could be distinguished. During the activity phase the level of the metabolism was determined only by the acute experimental temperature independent of the temperature pretreatment of the animals. In the resting metabolism, however, an influence of the temperature pretreatment could be shown. In nearly all experimental temperatures the metabolism of animals, pretreated at 25°C, was higher than in animals pretreated at warmer or colder temperatures. This relative high oxygen consuption of the 25°C-animals indicates that the metabolism of the cockroaches is optimally adapted only to a small temperature range of about 25°C. Animals pretreated with extremely low Temperatures (15°C) showed during the light time in warm experimental temperatures a clearly higher metabolism rate than cockroaches pretreated at 25°C, but this increase of oxygen consumption could be explained in the main by an annomal locomotory activity during the light. The mean daily oxygen consumption of nymphs, taken out of alternating temperatures, corresponds to those values which would be expected of animals, taken out of constant temperatures. Considering locomotory activity and feeding behaviour a temperature compensation, as described by Dehnel (1956) in nymphs ofPeriplaneta americana, could not be verified neither in constant nor in diurnally alternating temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00572758
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der Einfluß von tagesperiodischen Wechseltemperaturen bei der Motte Pectinophora (1975)
    Springer
    Oecologia 21 (1975), S. 31-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Temperaturabhängigkeit verschiedener Stoffwechselleistungen von Pectinophora gossypiella — Entwicklungsdauer, Larvalgewicht und Reproduktionsrate —wurde bei 6 konstanten und 5 tagesperiodisch wechselnden Teperaturbedingungen (rechteckförmiger Tagesgang, Amplitude 8°C) bestimmt. Im Temperaturbereich von 14–34°C ergaben sich keine Unterschiede in der Entwicklungsdauer zwischen Konstant-und Wechseltemperaturen. Sowohl die Dauer der Embryonalentwicklung als auch die Generationsdauer der Wechseltemperatur-Tiere entsprach den Werten der jeweils mittleren Konstanttemperatur. Wechseltemperaturen förderten jedoch die Gewichtszunahme der Larven und stimulierten die Eiablage. Die Anzahl der pro Weibchen abgelegten Eier war fast doppelt so groß wie in den entsprechenden Konstanttemperaturen. Die höchsten Eiraten wurden in Wechseltemperaturen um 26°Cerzielt. Weitere für das Populationswachstum wichtige Effekte tagesperiodischer Wechseltemperature, die auch unter Freilandbedingungen wirksam werden könnten, waren ein erweiterter Temperaturbereich für die Eiablage, geringere Mortalität der Eier und zunehmende Diapausebereitschaft der Larven in Wechseltemperaturen, mit kühlen Nachttemperaturen.
    Notes: Summary The temperature dependence of developmental time, larval body weight and fecundity of Pectinophora gossypiella was determined in 6 constant temperatures between 14°C and 34°C and 5 diurnally alternating temperature conditions, which had a nearly rectangular profile and an amplitude of 8°C. In the measured temperature range no differences in the developmental time were found between constant and alternating temperatures. Both, the duration of embryonic development and the generation time of animals reared in alternation conditions, were in accordance with the values of the mean constant temperatures. Alternating temperatures, however, advanced the increase of larval body weight and stimulated oviposition. The number of eggs per female was nearly twice the number as compared with the corresponding constant temperature. The conditions for maximum fecundity were alternating temperatures around 26°C. Additionally important effects of diurnally alternating temperatures, which may become effective for population increase also under field conditions, were an extended temperature range for oviposition, less egg mortality and an increase of larval diapause induction in alternating temperatures with low night temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345891
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der Einfluß von tagesperiodischen Wechseltemperaturen bei der Motte Pectinophora (1975)
    Springer
    Oecologia 21 (1975), S. 43-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Larven von Pectinophoragossypiella wurden bei 5 konstanten und 5 tagesperiodisch wechselnden Temperaturen gezüchtet und der Sauerstoffverbrauch des IV. Larvenstadiums bestimmt bei Aufzucht in Konstanttemperaturen zwischen 14 und 38°C, bei Zucht in Wechseltemperaturen nur bei der unteren, mittleren und oberen Temperatur der jeweiligen Wechseltemperatur. Larven aus Konstanttemperaturen zeigten keinen Tagesgang im Sauerstoffverbrauch. Die Stoffwechselrate der Wechseltemperatur-Tiere äderte sich parallel mit dem Temperaturzyklus. Bei ihnen ließ sich ebenfalls trotz vorhergehender Adaptation an Wechseltemperaturen kein Stoffwechselrhythmus nachweisen, wenn der Sauerstoffverbrauch über 24Std bei einer konstanten Temperatur gemessen wurde. Im Temperaturbereich von 26–30°C stieg der Sauerstoffverbrauch proportional mit dem Körpergewicht (b=1 in der Gleichung O2=KxGewichtb). In kühleren und wärmeren Temperaturen veratmeten schwere Larven pro Gewichtseinheit mehr Saurstoff als kleine Larven (b größer 1). Eine Anpassung des Stoffwechsels an die verschiedenen Zuchttemperaturen im Sinne einer Temperaturkompensation wurde weder bei Adaptation der Larven an Konstant-noch an Wechseltemperaturen festgestellt. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, daß der Stoffwechsel von Pectinophora durch sein Enzymmuster auf einen engen Temperaturbereich hin (um 26°C) optimal abgestimmt ist.
    Notes: Summary The oxygen consumption was studied in last instar larvae of the pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella, which had been reared in various constant and diurnally alternating temperatures. Larvae bred in constant temperatures showed no circadian pattern in the metabolic rate. The respiration of larvae which were adapted to alternating temperatures changed with the temperature cycle, but no metabolic rhythm was observed in these larvae when the oxygen uptake was measured in a constant temperature for about 24 hrs. Within the temperature range of 26–30°C, the respiration was weight proportional. At lower and higher temperatures, however, the metabolic rate/weight ratio (O2=Kxweightb) increased with an exponent b greater 1. A temperature compensation, i.e. a relative independence of metabolic rate from temperature change, was not observed neither by adaptation of the larvae to constant nor to alternating temperatures. Together with results presented in part I of this study (Welbers, 1975), the data indicate that the metabolism of the pink bollworm operates with maximal efficiency in a narrow temperature range of about 26°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345892
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