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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamik der Wechselwirkungen zwischen kleinen Molekülen und Mizellen: Die Einwirkungen von Ladung und pH auf die Kinetik der Wechselwirkung zwischen Farbstoffen und Mizellen (1979)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 257 (1979), S. 911-911 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01383370
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Micelle studies using a metal ion/murexide indicator system (1980)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 258 (1980), S. 733-742 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Komplexbildung zweiwertiger Metallionen mit dem hydrophilen Indikator Murexid wurde in Gegenwart anionischer Mizellen untersucht. Die Indikatorreaktion wurde benutzt, um Aussagen über Mizellbildung, Bindung zweiwertiger Metallionen an Mizellen und die Kinetik der Metallkomplexbildung bei Anwesenheit von Mizellen zu erhalten.
    Notes: Summary Complex formation between divalent metal ions and the hydrophilic murexide anion in the presence of anionic micelles has been employed to study aspects of micelle formation, the binding of divalent metal ions to micelles, and the kinetics of metal-complex formation in the presence of micelles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01384364
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of various coated paper separator materials on the corrosion, polarization and impedance characteristics of zinc in concentrated soldium chloride solution (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 17 (1987), S. 1281-1295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The corrosion characteristics of amalgamated zinc have been studied in 2.7M NaCl at pH 4.8 using steady-state polarization and a.c. impedance methods, and the influence of various coated paper separators has been determined. It is shown that the polarization behaviour in either the presence or absence of the separator materials can be interpreted if due consideration is given to diffusion and charge transfer effects. The anodic zinc dissolution process is jointly controlled by these effects whereas the cathodic hydrogen evolution (proton reduction) process is diffusion limited. Using a simple model which takes into account the quasi-reversible nature of the zinc dissolution process, good agreement between calculated and observed current inhibition factors can be obtained if the surface blocking (coverage) effect of the separators is combined with the effect of the change in diffusion path length through the separator pores. Application of this model to the diffusionlimited hydrogen evolution reaction, however, fails unless the blocking term is ignored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01023612
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of methylcellulose-coated paper separators on the corrosion, polarization and impedance characteristics of zinc in concentrated ammonium chloride solution. II. Comparison of data obtained in flooded electrolyte and battery environments (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 17 (1987), S. 1037-1047 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract An attempt has been made to determinein situ the corrosion rate of the zinc anode in Leclanché batteries devoid of ZnCl2 in the electrolyte using steady-state polarization and a.c. impedance techniques. Previously obtained corrosion data for zinc immersed in flooded NH4Cl electrolyte has been used as a point of reference with which to compare thein situ data and hence gauge its legitimacy. It is shown that in the case of cells containinguncoated paper separators, good agreement between the two sets of data is obtained, thus demonstrating thatin situ corrosion rate measurements can be made. This allows the effects of ionic composition, zinc alloying constituents, amalgamation level, electrolyte impurities, and the role of oxygen, etc, to be determined in the battery environment. However, the anode polarization and impedance characteristics of ZnCl2-free cells containing methylcellulose-coated paper separators do not reflect corrosion processes. In fact the electrochemical data is almost indistinguishable from that obtained in ZnCl2-containing cells. It is postulated that the presence of the methylcellulose layer permits the zinc ion concentration to build up adjacent to the anode causing the cathodic hydrogen evolution process to be electrochemically masked by zinc deposition. The electrochemical characteristics therefore reflect zincexchange processes only. Neither the presence of the separator coating itself nor the restricted volume of electrolyte appear to be unilaterally responsible for the anomalous behaviour of ZnCl2-free cells, but rather a combination of these two conditions is necessary. Thus considerably restricted diffusion and the near absence of convection would appear to be the important factors which dictate the observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01024369
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corrosion and polarization characteristics of zinc in battery electrolyte analogues and the effect of amalgamation (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 13 (1983), S. 623-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The corrosion and polarization characteristics of zinc have been investigated in concentrated NH4Cl and NaCl solutions which represent suitable electrolyte analogues for Leclanché and zinc chloride cells, respectively. The effects of zinc amalgamation in the range 0–1 mg Hg cm−2 have also been examined and the results compared and contrasted with those obtained in concentrated KOH solution which is a useful electrolyte analogue for alkaline cells. It is shown that the structure of the zinc-solution interphase and the electrochemical reactions which occur are critically dependent upon the particular electrolyte considered. Despite this, the absolute corrosion rates of unamalgamated zinc are of the same order. This is an unexpected result. The effectiveness with which both dissolved zinc salts and mercury reduce the corrosion rate decreases in the electrolyte order KOH ≳ NH4Cl 〉 NaCl This is explained by the increasing participation of diffusion as the factor which controls the rate of the cathodic hydrogen evolution process. Maximum effectiveness for corrosion inhibition is approached when the mercury level exceeds 100μg cm−2. At this concentration, coverage of the surface by a zinc rich amalgam of almost constant composition is complete.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00617820
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of methylcellulose-coated paper separators on the corrosion, polarization and impedance characteristics of zinc in concentrated ammonium chloride solution. I. Behaviour in flooded electrolyte (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 17 (1987), S. 1021-1036 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The corrosion characteristics of both pure and amalgamated zinc have been studied in 6.0 M NH4 Cl using steady-state polarization and a.c. impedance methods, and the influence of methylcellulose-coated and uncoated paper separators have been determined. Irrespective of the type of separator present, the results can be interpreted almost exclusively in terms of charge-transfer effects. In the presence of the base paper the anodic zinc dissolution process is inhibited by 79% whilst the rate of cathodic hydrogen evolution is inhibited by only 43%. Similarly, in the presence of the complete methylcellulose-coated separator formulation the anodic reaction is inhibited by 98–99% whilst the cathodic reaction is inhibited by only 60–74%. In either case it is shown that the anodic inhibition is considerably greater than that expected on the basis of a simple blocking type model, whereas the cathodic inhibition is considerably less. Evidence is presented which suggests that the excessive inhibition of the anodic current is a consequence of the specific influence of the separator on the stability and adsorption behaviour of Zn(I) intermediates in the zinc dissolution reaction. It is also postulated that the deficient inhibition of the cathodic current may result from the small size and high mobility of the proton which allows it to penetrate those regions of the metal-separator interface normally inaccessible to bulkier ions. Overall, the corrosion-inhibiting efficiency of the base paper is 41% whilst that of the complete methylcellulose-coated paper separator formulation is 70–75%. These results reflect a substantial influence of the separator material on the corrosion behaviour of zinc.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01024368
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