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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 9 (1961), S. 214-223 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 9 (1961), S. 228-230 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 51 (1929), S. 222-223 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 49 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reverse osmosis (RO) concentration of apple juices from 10-20 Brix using a commercial plate and frame RO system at various temperatures and pressures demonstrated that high resistance (HR) membranes are more efficient in sugar retention than cellulose acetate (CA) membranes. Both temperature and pressure had a significant effect on solute recovery. Optimum processing conditions for HR membranes were 40°C at 40 bar, 98% sugar recovery and 16.7L/m2/hr average processing capacity (flux). An increase of 3-4% average processing capacity per 1°C increase in temperature was observed. Operating conditions and membranes did not modify fructose content or glucose/fructose ratio of the RO concentrated juices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 46 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Betalaine recoveries from Mono-King Explorer, Mono-King Burgundy and Ruby Queen table beet cultivars were studied in a continuous solid-liquid extraction system. Roots of Mono-King Explorer and Mono-King Burgundy contained more betacyanines and betaxanthines than those of Ruby Queen and also showed a higher betacyanine recovery from the extraction system (P 〈 0.05). Similar results for betacyanine recoveries were found in the second year study (P 〈 0.01). Storage of raw beet roots at 1°C and 85% RH for 5 months resulted in a 32–34% moisture and trimming loss prior to processing; however, the usable raw beet tissue showed similar recovery characteristics to those processed immediately after harvest. The red/yellow ratios reflected a less intense red-violet color in juices extracted from long-term stored roots. Small roots (4.6–6.4 cm diameters) tended to yield higher betacyanine juices than those from large roots (6.4–9.0 cm diameters. P 〈 0.05). Raw beet roots treated by the abrasion peeling method resulted in initial pigment losses and also contributed to further pigment losses during extraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 39 (1974), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) was the most abundant aroma volatile in cooked sweet corn head-space, followed by ethanol, acetaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), ethanethiol, methanethiol and another unidentified compound unique to processed corn. Based on sensory monitoring of GC column effluents, DMS was determined as the primary factor in cooked corn aroma along with H2S, methanethiol and, to a lesser degree, ethanethiol. Also detected in the effluents, but probably of lesser importance, were acetaldehyde, ethanol, and a “grainy” smelling compound in processed corn. When panelists were asked to score corn of widely varying characteristics for aroma, sweetness, texture and overall flavor, it was found that aroma contributed 15% to the flavor response while sweetness and texture contributed 55% and 30%, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 43 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The continuous stepless counter-current De Danske Sukkerfabrikker diffusion apparatus originally developed to recover sugar solids from sugar beets was studied as a physical procedure to recover apple juice. This procedure was compared with apple juice recovery using a Willmes press which is an example of a batch mechanical pressing operation. Crinkle-cut apple slices 3 mm in thickness were introduced into the diffuser and heated from 55–75°C. The cell sap containing soluble nutrients was diffused through the apple cell membrane and extracted by heated potable water flowing under the force of gravity. The diffusion-type juice soluble solids yields were 13.47% higher than those for the press-type juices and resulting extracted pomace was low in waste-soluble solids. Sensory comparisons between the pressed and diffusion juices showed preference for the pressed product.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Both enzymatic betacyanine and betaxanthine decolorizing activity were found in subcellular tissue extracted from the beet root. The optimum pH for betaxanthine degradation was pH 3.4, similar to that for betacyanine. Enzyme preparations from different cultivars, i.e., red or yellow, vary in their activities toward betacyanine and betaxanthine. A major portion of the decolorizing activity was found in tissue separated from the epidermal portion of the beet root where most pigments were accumulated. Sodium chloride, cellulase, and pectinase were selected as agents to solubilize the tissue bound enzyme. Although there was little success in bringing the bound enzyme into a soluble form, it was found that NaCl showed inhibitory effect on the beet betacyanine decolorizing enzyme. Commercial enzyme preparations also contained betacyanine decolorizing activity.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉SUMMARYTHE CRUDE ENZYME extracts from the beet root showed decolorizing activity to both betaxanthines and betacyanines. The attempt to clarify whether these two reactions were initiated by the same enzyme or by different enzymes was not achieved due to the difficulty of solubilizing the tightly bound macromolecules. In addition to the decolorizing enzyme found in the beet root, a betacyanine decolorizing enzyme was also found in several commercial enzyme preparations. The mechanism of enzymatic degradation of the betalaines, the existence and the nature of the responsible enzymes and factors that affect their activity, are open for further study. Such understanding will be utilized to improve betalaine recovery from the beet root during industrial operations and to increase their stability in food products during processing or storage. Perhaps, the elucidation of enzymatic destruction of betalaines will provide information for determining the environmental or chemical degradation mechanism of the pigments themselves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 55 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Clostridium butyricum long known to cause spoilage in canned acid foods recently caused two separate cases of infant botulism in Italy by strains producing type E botulinum toxin. Heat resistance of spores of toxigenic and nontoxigenic C. butyricum was determined. The non-toxigenic strain was considerably more heat resistant, having a D-value at 212°F of 4.7 min compared to a D-value 170°F of 2.3–2.5 min for toxigenic strains at pH 7.0. Minimum pH for growth and toxin production was also determined. The nontoxigenic strain grew at pH 4.2; toxigenic strains grew and produced toxin at pH 5.2 but not at pH 5.0.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 54 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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