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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiomyopathy: a late complication of hemolytic uremic syndrome (1997)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 11 (1997), S. 221-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words: Hemolytic uremic syndrome ; Cardiomyopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This report describes a child who presented with classic hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and 4 months later developed a life-threatening but reversible cardiomyopathy with global cardiac dysfunction and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 14%. There was no evidence of electrolyte abnormalities, anemia, hypertension, severe fluid overload, or viral infection. Endomyocardial biopsies were consistent with a dilated cardiomyopathy. This paper highlights the importance of considering the diagnosis of associated cardiomyopathy when presenting with late-onset edema following HUS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050267
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    L-type Ca 2+ channels provide a major pathway for iron entry into cardiomyocytes in iron-overload cardiomyopathy (2003)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 9 (2003), S. 1187-1194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Under conditions of iron overload, which are now reaching epidemic proportions worldwide, iron-overload cardiomyopathy is the most important prognostic factor in patient survival. We hypothesize that in iron-overload disorders, iron accumulation in the heart depends on ferrous iron (Fe2+) ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm920
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The specificity of strength training: the effect of posture (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 73 (1996), S. 346-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Resistance training ; Performance enhancement ; Exercise selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract There is a paucity of research into the importance of performing strength training exercises in postures specific to the movements they are attempting to facilitate. In addressing this question, 27 previously trained subjects were randomly allocated into heavy weight training and control groups. The weight training group performed 4–6 sets of 6–10 repetitions of the squat and bench press lifts twice a week for 8 weeks. Prior to and after the training period the following tests were conducted: bench press throw at 30% of maximal load, vertical jump, maximal squat and bench press lifts, push-up test performed over a force platform, 40-m sprint, 6-s cycle, and isokinetic tests assessing upper and lower body musculature in varying actions. The results supported the concept that posture is important in training as those exercises conducted in similar postures to the training recorded the greatest improvement in performance. For example, after completion of the training the weight training subjects significantly increased by approximately 12% the maximal load lifted in the bench press exercise and the peak torque in the isokinetic bench press test. However, performance in the isokinetic horizontal arm adduction test was not significantly changed. We speculate that the phenomenon of posture specificity may, at least in part, be caused by the differing postures altering the neural input to the musculature. The results stress the importance of selecting exercises in which the posture closely resembles that of the movements they are attempting to facilitate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02425497
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poor correlations between isometric tests and dynamic performance: relationship to muscle activation (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 73 (1996), S. 353-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Upper body ; Muscle function ; Median frequency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this research was to perform isometric tests at two joint angles and examine their relationship to dynamic performance. In addition, electromyograph data were collected from the triceps brachii and pectoralis major muscles to compare underlying neural characteristics between the isometric tests and dynamic movement. A group of 24 healthy male subjects performed two isometric tests in a bench press position, at elbow angles of 90 and 120°. From these data, the maximal force and rate of force development were determined. In addition, each subject performed a seated medicine ball throw as a measure of dynamic upper body performance. Correlations showed that isometric measurements of force (r = 0.47–0.55) and rate of force development (r = 0.08–0.31) were poor predictors of dynamic performance. The angle of isometric assessment had little effect on the relationship between the tests and measurements of performance. The myo-electric data was processed in terms of the integrated electromyogram and the Fourier transformed frequency spectrum. These data demonstrated differences in the neural activation patterns of the musculature, between the isometric 90° test and the medicine ball throw. The poor relationship between isometric tests and medicine ball performance was consequently, at least partially, attributed to differing motor unit activation patterns between isometric and dynamic movement. The results of this research strongly suggest that isometric tests have limited value when assessing dynamic upper body performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02425498
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The development of an isokinetic squat device: reliability and relationship to functional performance (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 75 (1997), S. 455-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Key words Muscular assessment  ;  Multi-versus isolated-joint testing  ;  Knee-extension tests  ;   Technological developments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was performed to determine the reliability and validity of a new isokinetic squat device in comparison to knee-extension tests performed using a Cybex. Athletic male subjects (n = 29) performed a series of isokinetic squat tests at 0.4 m · s−1, knee-extension tests at 1.05, 2.09 and 3.14 rad · s−1, and a 6-s stationary cycle test which was used as the measure of functional performance. The squat tests included a purely concentric squat without pre-load, a test with pre-load and a stretch-shorten cycle test. Two trials of each test were performed on one testing occasion. Intraclass correlation co-efficients (r = 0.89–0.96) and co-efficients of variation (3.1–8.7%) were determined between trials, and these indicated that all of the tests were highly reliable. The velocity characteristics of the newly developed system demonstrated that it was an effective isokinetic device, with the mean velocity of 0.41 m · s−1 varying within narrow limits, a relatively small velocity overshoot and an isokinetic portion of movement of approximately 80%. The squat tests demonstrated a higher relationship to cycling performance (r = 0.57–0.65) as compared to the knee-extension tests (r = 0.45–0.51). This difference was amplified when a more homogeneous group of subjects was examined. Further, the squat tests were superior to the knee-extension tests in discriminating between differing levels of cycling performance ability. These differences were believed to be due to the greater specificity of the squat movement, in comparison to the knee extension, to the performance of interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004210050188
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of the iso-inertial force mass relationship in the prediction of dynamic human performance (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 69 (1994), S. 250-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Muscle tests ; Performance assessment ; Isokinetic and isometric tests
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to develop a new test of muscle function, termed the isoinertial force-mass relationship, and to determine its relationship to dynamic physical performance in comparison to an isometric test. A group of 13 trained subjects performed an isometric, and a series of iso-inertial maximal upper body tests, in a bench press movement at loads of 30%, 60%, 100% (concentric) and 100%, 130% and 150% (eccentric) of maximum. Vertical forces exerted throughout the movement were recorded by a force plate. In addition, the subjects performed the following three performance tests: a maximal bench press, a seated shotput, and two drop bench-press throws from a height of 0.25 m, with loads of 10 kg and 30% of maximum. Correlation analysis demonstrated that in each instance the iso-inertial force mass tests were the best predictors of performance (r=0.78–0.88) with both contraction type and mass specific effects apparent. Maximal isometric force and rate of force development were significantly related to some performance variables (r=0.22–0.78). However, for all the performance movements assessed, the iso-inertial test modality recorded the highest relationship to performance. The difference in the relationship between performance and iso-inertial and isometric test modalities was particularly evident in the light load dynamic performance of the seated shotput (r=0.86 vsr=0.38, respectively). These results are explained in part by the neural and mechanical differences between iso-inertial and isometric muscle actions and their respective specificity to dynamic physical performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01094797
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of load and stretch shortening cycle on the kinematics, kinetics and muscle activation that occurs during explosive upper-body movements (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 75 (1997), S. 333-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Key words  Force velocity relationship  ;  Muscle power  ;  Electromyography  ;  Bench press
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although explosive power in lower-body movements has been extensively studied, there is a paucity of research examining such movements in the upper body. This study aimed to investigate the influence of load and the stretch shortening cycle (SSC) on the kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activation that occurs during maximal effort throws. A total of 17 male subjects performed SSC and concentric only (CO) bench throws using loads of 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, 75%, 90% and 100% of their previously determined one repetition maximum bench press. The displacement, velocity, acceleration, force and power output as well as the electromyogram (EMG) from pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, and triceps brachii were recorded for each throw. The results were compared using multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measures. A criterion alpha level of P ≤ 0.05 was used. Similar force velocity power relationships were determined for this multijoint upper-body movement as has been found for isolated muscles, single joint movements, and vertical jumping. The highest power output was produced at the 30% [563 (104) W] and 45% [560 (86) W] loads during the SSC throws. Force output increased as a function of load; however, even the lighter loads resulted in considerable force due to the high accelerations produced. Average velocity, average and peak force, and average and peak power output were significantly higher for the SSC throws compared to the CO throws. However, peak velocity and height thrown were not potentiated by performing the pre-stretch because the duration and range of movement allowed the ability of the muscle to generate force at high shortening velocities to dominate the resulting throw. As such, explosive movements involving longer concentric actions than experienced during brief SSC movements may be limited by the ability of the muscle to produce force during fast contraction velocities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004210050169
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