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Electronic Resource

Polypharmacy and Crohn's disease (2005)

Cross, R. K. ; Wilson, K. T. ; Binion, D. G.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 21 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2036

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Background : Polypharmacy has not been defined for Crohn's disease.Aims : To determine the prevalence of polypharmacy, factors associated with polypharmacy, and consequences of polypharmacy in a Crohn's disease population.Methods : A review of 291 Crohn's disease patients was performed. Polypharmacy was defined as either minor (two to four medications) or major (≥5 medications). Clinical status was evaluated with the Harvey-Bradshaw index of disease activity (HBI) and the short inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (SIBDQ).Results : Major polypharmacy was identified in 50% of patients. Crohn's disease patients on less than two medications at the intake visit had an HBI of 3.6 compared with 5.4 and 6.0 in the minor and major polypharmacy groups (P 〈 0.05). Similarly, patients on less than two medications had an SIBDQ of 60.3 compared with 55.7 and 53.4 in the minor and major polypharmacy groups (P = 0.11). Predictors of polypharmacy included age 〉40 years (OR 1.9), duration of disease 〉10 years (OR 2.0), and female sex (OR 2.5).Conclusions : Polypharmacy is common in Crohn's disease and correlates with increased disease activity and decreased quality of life. Increasing age, increasing duration of disease, and female sex are associated with major polypharmacy. These findings emphasize the need for improved treatment algorithms to optimize Crohn's disease patient management.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02429.x

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Wafer Scale Integration: A university perspective (1991)

Jain, V. K. ; Landis, D. L. ; Keezer, D. C. ; [et al.]

Springer

The journal of VLSI signal processing systems for signal, image, and video technology 2 (1991), S. 253-269

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ISSN: 1573-109X

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Notes: Abstract This paper presents the Wafer Scale Integration research underway at our university. Specifically, we focus here on theApplications, Architectures, Design, and Test areas. Discussed are the philosophy of such an—admittedly aggressive—effort, the evolving infrastructure for the project, the application-driven architectures developed, and the design and test methodology. The first WSI design is a fully parallel FFT wafer, with application to a high-performance, high-speed CW jamming canceller. Other wafer level designs include an L-U decomposition array, using a newly-developed reciprocal cell, and a multipurpose PE array. The transition from basic tools, such as MAGIC, to commercial tools such as CADENCE, and the importance of a high level description language, VHDL, for modeling and simulation is emphasized. The discipline of reconfiguration, and the associated yield models, incorporating a harvesting factor, are also an integral part of the on-going project. Although, the first wafer will be reconfigured usingLaser linking and Cutting on the in-house laser table, alternative recon-figuration approaches for the other wafer designs are also being considered.