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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Obese-hyperglycaemic mice ; adipose tissue ; lipolysis ; calcium uptake ; cyclic AMP ; isoproterenol ; ACTH-(1-24) ; theophylline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the epididymal adipose tissue of lean (+/+) C57 BL/6J mice deprived of calcium by ethy-leneglycol-bis-(β-aminoethylether) N,N′-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) treatment, corticotrophin-(1-24)-tetracosapeptide (ACTH)-stimulated lipolysis was abolished and peak levels of adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP1) were reduced by 80%. Calcium omission was less effective on isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis and was ineffective on theophylline- or dibutyryl cyclic AMP-stimulated lipolysis. All EGTA effects were reversible. Lipolytic agents stimulated the net uptake of45Ca. This effect was inhibited by 2,4-dinitrophenol. The45Ca accumulated in response to lipolytic agents was largely La3+-nondisplaceable and was released with a half-life of 13 minutes under EGTA treatment. These results suggest that the mechanism promoting45Ca uptake in response to lipolytic agents was beyond cyclic AMP production in the adipose tissue of lean mice, but independent of free fatty acid release. In turn, intracellular as well as extracellular calcium facilitated maximal rates of lipolysis. In the adipose tissue of obese-hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice, the response to the lipolytic agents of glycerol release and cyclic AMP levels was reduced by 65% and45Ca uptake was not stimulated. A 1–2 hour preincubation of adipose tissue increased markedly the effect upon lipolysis and45Ca uptake, but not that of peak cyclic AMP levels of isoproterenol. It is concluded that the adipose tissue of ob/ob mice displayed a reversible impairment of45Ca uptake in response to lipolytic agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 13 (1977), S. 553-561 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Obese-hyperglycaemic mice ; adipose tissue ; lipolysis ; glycerol ; cyclic AMP ; adenylate cyclase ; isoproterenol ; ACTH-(1-24) ; glucagon ; vaso-active ; intestinal polypeptide ; secretin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Glycerol release from epididymal fat fragments of young adult (3-month old) ob/ob mice was three times lower than normal, on a tissue weight basis. Dose-response curves in response to isoproterenol and ACTH-(1-24)1 indicated that the capacity of the lipolytic process was reduced. How-ever, the sensitivity to both hormones was normal, i.e. greater for ACTH than for isoproterenol. The burst of cyclic AMP observed at 7 minutes was affected even more than the lipolytic capacity in adipose tissue from obese mice. This was already observed in 1-month old animals, i.e. at a time when total body weight was still normal. It is concluded that the adenylate cyclase system is defective in adipose tissue of ob/ob mice. Besides, glucagon, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and secretin failed to stimulate glycerol release and cyclic AMP accumulation in both ob/ob, ob+/ob+, and HA-ICR mice, suggesting that mouse adipose tissue does not possess receptors for this group of hormones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 15 (1978), S. 45-51 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: obese-hyperglycaemic mice1 ; adipose tissue ; cyclic AMP ; adenylate cyclase ; isoproterenol ; guanyl nucleotides ; prostaglandin E1 ; ethanol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The adenylate cyclase activities in 1,500 × g to 25,000 × g sediments of adipose tissue from 3 month old C57BL 6J/ob and lean mice were compared. Three anomalies were observed in obese mice: 1) a defect in basal (−80%) and fluoridestimulated (−50%) activities suggesting a decreased number of catalytic units per mg protein; 2) an impairment in stimulation by isoproterenol (−85%) with no change in apparent affinity for the hormone; and, 3) no stimulatory effect of ethanol upon guanyl nucleotide-stimulated activity. The two latter effects may be due to a reduced number ofβ-adrenergic receptors per mg protein and/or to an alteration in the transducing process. On the other hand, guanyl nucleotides as well as prostaglandin PGE1 exerted similar effects in the preparations from both lean and obese adipose tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 39 (1983), S. 1045-1046 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The amylase content of the acinar tissue is higher in the splenic region of the rat pancreas containing glucagon-rich islets than in the duodenal region harboring pancreatic polypeptide-rich islets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Obese-hyperglycaemic mice ; high-fat diet ; dietary obesity ; adipose tissue ; liver ; fatty acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Une obésité nutritionnelle est imposée à des souris souffrant déjà du syndrome congénital obésité-hyperglycémie (O-H). Des animaux de 6 semaines qui reçoivent un régime contenant 41.5% de lard pendant 4.5 mois subissent un gain pondéral dépassant de 150% celui observé avec un régime à base de 78.3% de farine. Chez les souris non-obèses la différence de poids provoquée par les deux régimes est à peine significative. — L'interaction du régime gras et du génotype ob/ob accentue l'hypertrophie des adipocytes et augmente le nombre des mastocytes dans la graisse épididymaire. Le diabète n'est pas aggravé malgré une réduction de l'insulinémie et du contenu pancréatique en insuline. — La contribution de la lipogenèse et du lard consommé au développement de cette obésité mixte peut être appréciée en analysant la distribution des acides gras dans le régime, dans trois pannicules adipeux (épididymaire, périrénal et souscutané) et dans le foie. Le contenu en linoléate indique que la graisse déposée par la souris O-H au régime gras contient 4 fois plus d'acides gras exogènes que d'acides gras endogènes et que la lipogenèse nette n'est guère réduite. La souris O-H a donc une aptitude exceptionnelle à déposer et à retenir de la graisse, quelle que soit l'origine de cette dernière. Une proportion importante du palmitate et du stéarate ingérés est convertie par ailleurs en palmitoléate et oléate.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Fettsucht, die durch fettreiche Kost induziert wird, trat bei genetisch fettsüchtigen und hyperglykämischen Mäusen (O-H) in verstärktem Maße auf. Sechs Wochen alte Tiere erhielten eine Diät mit einem Fettgehalt von 41.5%. Nach 4 1/2 Monaten lag das Körpergewicht um 150% höher als bei der Kontrollgruppe, die eine Diät mit einem Kohlenhydratanteil von 78.3% bekommen hatte. Das Körpergewicht nicht fettsüchtiger Kontrolltiere zeigte nach Vorbehandlung mit beiden Diäten nur geringgradige Unterschiede. Das Zusammentreffen diätetisch induzierter und genetisch determinierter Fettsucht führte zu weiterer Zellvergrößerung und zunehmender Zahl der Mastzellen im epididymalen Fettanhang. Obgleich die Seruminsulinspiegel und der Pankreasinsulingehalt abnahmen, trat keine Verschlechterung der diabetischen Stoffwechsellage auf. Der Anteil von Lipogenese und exogener Fettzufuhr an der Entwicklung dieser Fettsuchtsform wurde durch Analysen der Fettsäuren in der Diät, des epididymalen, perirenalen und subkutanen Fettgewebes und der Leber geschätzt. Aus dem Gehalt an Linolsäure läßt sich schließen, daß das Fettdepot von O-H Mäusen nach fettreicher Diät eine vierfach größere Menge exogener als endogener Fettsäuren enthält und die Nettolipogenese kaum reduziert ist. Genetisch fettsüchtige und hyperglykämische Mäuse haben demnach eine außerordentlich hohe Kapazität Fett zu speichern. Das Fettsäurespektrum zeigt weiterhin, daß ein großer Anteil der mit der Nahrung zugeführten Palmitinsäure und Stearinsäure in Palmito-oleinsäure und Oleinsäure überführt wird.
    Notes: Summary Dietary obesity induced by a high-fat diet was superimposed in mice already suffering from the hereditary obese-hyperglycaemic (O-H) syndrome. Six-weekold animals given a diet containing 41.5% lard for 4.5 months gained 150% more weight than those given a control 78.3% wheat flour diet. There was only a slightly significant difference in weight gain of the lean littermates given the same two diets. — The interaction of the high-fat diet and the ob/ob genotype led to a further enlargement of adipose cells and an increased number of mast cells in epididymal fat. Diabetes was not aggravated in spite of a reduction in the levels of serum insulin, and in the insulin content of the pancreas. —The contribution of lipogenesis and dietary fat to the development of this obesity of mixed origin was estimated from an analysis of the fatty acid distribution in the diet, in three fat pads (epididymal, perirenal and subcutaneous), and in the liver. From the linoleate contents, it follows that fat depot in O-H mice on a high-fat diet was made up of 4 times more exogenous fatty acids than endogenous acids, but in spite of this, net lipogenesis was hardly affected. Therefore, obese-hyperglycaemic mice have a tremendous capacity to deposit and retain any kind of fat. The fatty acid spectrum also indicates that a large portion of the dietary supply of palmitate and stearate was converted into palmitoleate and oleate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 131 (1965), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Lipids and Lipid Metabolism 239 (1971), S. 142-153 
    ISSN: 0005-2760
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Lipids and Lipid Metabolism 152 (1968), S. 280-292 
    ISSN: 0005-2760
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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