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  • 1
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Female American eels, Anguilla rostrata (LeSueur), were artificially matured with injections of salmon and carp pituitary and human chorionic gonadotropin. In vivo ovulation was induced with 4-pregnene-17α,20β-diol-3-one and eggs were spontaneously released. Eggs were fertilized in vitro and survived to the gastrula stage. Males were matured with injections of human chorionic gonadotropin. They were attracted by the sight and odour of maturing and mature females. Ovulated females released a sex pheromone which was especially attractive to mature males and triggered the release of sperm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 23 (1973), S. 343-346 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A biopsy dart, that can be shot from a gun or crossbow, was developed to obtain skin of whales at sea. Determination of sex was found possible by staining and locating sex chromatin bodies in the nuclei of female skin cells. This procedure will be useful in many types of field studies on whales.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 55 (1979), S. 151-155 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A wide variety of sounds were recorded from two entrapped humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), a female and a male, in Newfoundland, Canada, during the summers of 1975 and 1976. The sounds included pulsed moans, moans, yups, cries, chirps and clicks. Comparisons are made between the sounds of the two whales (male and female). The most frequently produced sounds, pulsed moans and moans, are compared with similar sounds that compose part of the winter song. The sounds from the New-foundland whales were not put together into songs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 48 (1978), S. 279-287 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) were observed and photographed during winter, 1974 near the West Indies and summer, 1976 near Newfoundland. Prior investigations on whale locomotion based on anatomical inference or surface observations did not describe any specific underwater use of the humpbacks' uniquely long flippers. Our results show that humpbacks achieve a high degree of maneuverability underwater through the active coordinated use of their flippers. Three-dimensional active movements including protraction-retraction, abduction-adduction, and lateral-medial rotations, were observed. The whales could move themselves in all directions independent from fluke-generated forward motion by thrusting with their resilient flippers. At higher swimming speeds (〉4 knots) the flippers were used to effect sharply executed ascending or descending banked turns. Analysis of filmed sequences from three adult-calf encounters indicated a reduction of the amplitude and frequency of tailbeats by the adults; calves made tailbeats 4 to 7 times more frequently than adults when maintaining the same speed. The tail and flukes are forcefully moved other than vertically during maneuvering. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to our knowledge of larger whales.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 47 (1978), S. 97-114 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Songs of the humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae were recorded and analyzed from Grand Turks in the Bahamas to Venezuela. The design features of the song are as follows. The basic song evolves through a series of different sounds in a fixed order. The song is produced only in the winter tropical calving grounds, just before the whales arrive on the banks. Redundancy is high in that syllables, motifs, phrases and the entire song are repeated. Low, intermediate, and high-frequency sounds are scattered throughout the song. One sound is associated with blowing. The song appears to be partially different each year and there are some differences within a year between banks which may indicate that dialects are present. It is suggested that songs from other populations are quite different. The apparent yearly changes do not occur at one point in time. Only single individuals produce the song and they are hypothesized to be young, sexually mature males. The implications of these various design features are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 27 (1975), S. 156-166 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. The eyes of silver males were much enlarged, but not thoses of femaleAnguilla rostrata specimens. 2. Silver males were smaller than silver females. 3. Males predominated in freshwater and the proportion of females increased in estuaries. 4. In trap catches from 1969 to 1972, most silver eel runs occurred from September through November and came after rains or in the third and fourth lunar quarters. More yellow eels are also caught at this time. 5. Based on records from an electronic fish counter, silver eels moved primarily from just after sundown to 2300 hr. 6. It is suggested that with regard to stimuli initiating migration, a great deal of redundancy is built into the system so that reproduction is assured.
    Notes: Kurzfassung Der Augendurchmesser männlicher Amerikanischer Blankaale(Anguilla rostrata) war beträchtlich größer als derjenige von Amerikanischen Gelbaalen. Blankaalmännchen hatten eine wesentlich geringere Durchschnittslänge als Blankaalweibchen. In kleinen Fließgewässern dominierten die Männchen, in Flußmündungen war der Weibchenanteil vergleichsweise größer. Die Abwanderung ins Meer fand hauptsächlich während der Monate September bis November statt und war verstärkt bei nennenswerten Regenfällen sowie während des dritten und vierten Mondviertels. Die Untersuchungen erbrachten in vieler Hinsicht ähnliche Ergebnisse, wie sie vom Europäischen Aal bekannt sind. Es wird angenommen, daß hinsichtlich der Stimuli für Beginn und Aufrechterhaltung der Laichwanderung eine große Zahl von funktionellen Sicherungen vorhanden ist, welche die Vermehrung gewährleisten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 8 (1981), S. 41-46 
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Humpback whale songs recorded on tropical calving grounds exhibit different dialects depending on the oceanic basin. Songs sampled simultaneously from two populations in the North Pacific (Hawaii and Mexico) were essentially identical. These North Pacific songs were clearly different from the song type shared by two populations in the North Atlantic (Cape Verde Islands and West Indies). Songs from the Southern Hemisphere (Tonga) represent a third distinct dialect. Our evidence shows that, despite annual change in song organization, significant differences in humpback song occur between isolated ocean basins, while only subtle differences exist within an oceanic population (Hawaii and Pacific Mexico).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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