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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 10311-10315 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The Raman intensity behavior of the nitrate modes during phase transitions is analyzed via the power law |T−Tc|β for (F−, Cl−, Br−)-doped NH4NO3 and (Na+, Rb+, Cs+, Ag+)-doped KNO3 crystals. The exponent β is shown to be highly dependent on the degree of doping. This observation is based on the resonance behavior of the resident dopant. The spatial extent of the resonance mode is shown to be the characteristic dimension for the crystal domains during phase transition. This extent is demonstrated to be proportional to dc, the characteristic average distance between dopant ions at which β values of the nitrate ν1 and ν4 modes are the same. The scaling property as evidenced by β of the ν1 mode is analyzed via the (mass of the dopant)−1/2 scaled average distance between dopant ions which is an important parameter for characterizing the doping effect. Previous results for the (Na+, K+, Ag+, Pb2+)-doped NH4NO3 crystals are also employed to complete the analysis [S. Ma, G. Wu, and H. Wang, J. Chem. Phys. 108, 7758 (1998)]. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 7758-7762 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: It is observed that, for molecular crystals, during phase transitions the Raman intensities of the vibrational modes obey the power law |T−Tc|β. The exponent β contains much critical information and is mode dependent. The scaling properties of the doped materials are imbedded in β which is found to be very sensitive to very small degrees of doping. One of the eminent phenomena is the so-called crossover point where β of the totally symmetric ν1 mode equals the nonsymmetric ν4 mode of the nitrate ion. The scaling is expressed through the scaled coordinate d/M1/2 where d is the averaged interdoped-cationic distance and M is the mass of the cation. β of the ν1 mode behaves as (d/M1/2)γ with exponent γ rather independent of the transitions and the kinds of doping. Resonant modes due to doped cations are employed to explain the origin of the scaling. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 87 (1987), S. 7300-7306 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The distinct variation of the surface enhanced Raman spectral pattern of piperidine under different applied voltages is analyzed with the Wolkenstein's approximation to reveal its very molecular implication. The calculated effective polarizability derivatives show that there are both chemical and electromagnetic mechanisms in the surface enhanced Raman scattering. The chemical mechanism results in: (1) The farther a bond is away from the metal surface, the larger its polarizability derivative. (2) The more negative the applied voltage (vs standard calomel electrode), the larger the polarizability derivatives are and the weaker the adsorption. (3) There is sharing of the electron charge between the ring skeleton of the piperidine molecule and the Ag electrode. The electromagnetic mechanism implies equatorial C–H bonds possess larger polarizability derivatives than those of the corresponding axial C–H bonds. The analysis confirms the head-on adsorption of the piperidine molecule on the Ag electrode through the nitrogen atom as interpreted independently from other spectroscopic analyses. The behavior of the polarizability derivatives as a function of applied voltages at the Ag electrode reveals certain structural information of the molecules adsorbed on the Ag electrode.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 647-652 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The classical characters of the highly excited bend dynamics of acetylene are analyzed in terms of two coupled SU(2)/U(1) coset spaces corresponding to the right and left circular motion of the two C–H bends. The vibrational modes show a wide variety of behaviors that are not observed in the simple SU(2)/U(1) coset case which deals with, e.g., two coupled stretches, in which case the vibrational modes can be characterized as (low-lying) local and (high-lying) normal modes with a so-called local-normal transition in between. For the two coupled SU(2)/U(1) cosets of acetylene, the general trend is that most modes are perturbed local or normal modes, with distinct characters that are not found in the SU(2) dynamics. Details of their classical characters and the dynamical action flow between the two C–H bends were deduced. When the total action number Nb is small (less than 14), normal mode motions dominate, i.e., trans bend modes at the bottom of each polyad and cis bend at the top. At higher Nb, the vibrational modes are more or less of local character though they, individually, do possess very unique characters. Specifically, as Nb ranges from 12 to 22, the characters of the low-lying levels change from the trans character with action asymmetrically distributed in the two C–H bonds to one hydrogen bending, while those of the high-lying levels change from well concerted cis to local counter rotation. These results are consistent with recent quantal and semiclassical results. [M. P. Jacobson, R. J. Silbey, and R. W. Field, J. Chem. Phys. 110, 845 (1999); M. P. Jacobson, C. Jung, H. S. Taylor, and R. W. Field, ibid. 111, 600 (1999)]. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 167 (1997), S. 153-158 
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Schlagwort(e): tetramethylpyrazine ; hypoxia ; PGI2 ; TXA2
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We examined the effect on 6-Keto-PGF1a and TXB2 (the stable metabolites of PGI2 and TXA2) outflow of pretreatment with tetramethylpyrazine in the hypoxic isolated rat heart. In control hearts, 6-Keto-PGF1a was increased from 185 ± 46 pg/ml of baseline value to 335 ± 76 pg/ml after 2 min of hypoxia and TXB2 increased from 136 ± 28 pg/ml of baseline value to 230 ± 43 pg/ml at 20 min of hypoxia and 252 ± 32 pg/ml after 5 min of reoxygenation. Pretreatment with tetramethylpyrazine increased the 6-Keto-PGF1a concentration to 266 ± 51 pg/ml (143% of control heart), 471 ± 89 pg/ml (150% of control heart) and 332 ± 47 pg/ml (195% of control heart) at 15 min of normoxia, 2 min of hypoxia and 5 min of reoxygenation, respectively (p 〈 0.05 vs control). On the other hand, tetramethylpyrazine diminished the release of TXB2 to 78 ± 21 pg/ml (174% of control heart), 160 ± 30 pg/ml (144% of control heart), and 196 ± 23 pg/ml (128% of control heart) at 15 min of normoxia, 20 min of hypoxia and 5 min of reoxygenation, respectively (p 〈 0.05 vs control). These data show that pretreatment with tetramethylpyrazine enhances PGI2 outflow and attenuates release of TXA2 in the rat heart during normoxia, hypoxia and reoxygenation. (Mol Cell Biochem 167: 153-158, 1997)
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 529-542 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Schlagwort(e): Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Extended Hückel molecular orbital calculations have been made for the silver adatom-pyridine complex in order to reveal the very chemical nature of the surface-enhanced Raman scattering. The variation of the behaviors of the bond orders and charge densities as functions of the Ag—N distance and the net charge on the Ag atom, which is applied voltage dependent, is demonstrated. The calculated optical transition of the system can accommodate the experimental observation that as the wavelength of the exciting line shifts from 4880 to 6328 Å, the surface-enhanced Raman signal is enhanced more. Most interesting is the fact that the calculations reproduce well the experimental observation that there is an applied voltage on the electrode at which the surface-enhanced Raman signal is a maximum. The calculations show that the charge transfer enhanced mechanism is mostly due to the transfer of electrons from the silver atom to the pyridine molecule. Several useful overlap integrals involving d orbitals not available in the literature before are listed in the appendices for convenient reference.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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