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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monte Carlo simulations of argon ion transport in the downstream region of electron cyclotron resonance plasmas (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 5069-5074 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A Monte Carlo method to simulate the plasma characteristics of an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) microwave discharge system is presented. We use the method to predict the ion behavior in the downstream region of an ECR argon plasma. The pressure and space dependences of the plasma potential, the effects of gas pressure on the ion velocity and angle distribution and the evolution of distributions are examined and discussed in detail. Our results of the simulation show that the ion parallel velocity distribution appears to be bimodal and is strongly dependent on the gas pressure, whereas the ion perpendicular velocity distribution is mainly determined by the applied magnetic field, and the ion beam tends to be parallel to the magnetic field. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367323
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical study of argon ions transported across the sheath in electron cyclotron resonance discharges (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 1351-1357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The transport of argon ions through the sheath as well as through the neutral region in electron cyclotron resonance discharges in argon gas is studied by means of Monte Carlo simulation, with the emphasis on the sheath potential and the characteristics of argon ions in the sheath. The evolution of the energy, velocity, and angle distributions of the ions in the sheath and the dependence of the distributions on gas pressure and substrate bias are investigated primarily concerned with collisional sheath. It is found that the effect of the pressure on the ion behavior in the sheath is not the same as in the neutral region, however, the substrate bias greatly influences the ion behavior mainly due to ion-neutral elastic collisions within the sheath. Our results also show that the ion motion in crossing the sheath tends to be parallel to the applied magnetic field, and an ion flux with good directionality can be expected by imposing on a negative voltage substrate. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369266
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipid metabolism in cultured cells: Studies on lipoprotein-catalyzed reverse cholesterol transport in normal and homozygous familial hypercholesterolemic skin fibroblasts
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 202 (1980), S. 467-473 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-9861
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(80)90451-8
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure and high temperature corrosion properties of chromized coatings
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Surface & Coatings Technology 43-44 (1990), S. 493-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 0257-8972
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0257-8972(90)90100-Q
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical and histological evaluations of cobalt-chromium alloy and hydroxyapatite plasma-sprayed coatings in bone (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 7 (1996), S. 167-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: This study evaluated the mechanical and histological behavior of cobalt-chromium (CoCr) alloy and hydroxyapatite (HA) plasma-sprayed coatings in canine cortical bone after 6 and 12 weeks of implantation, using CoCr alloy as the substrate. the substrate was bond-coated with microtextured CoCr alloy coating to ensure adherence between the substrate and top coats. A macrotextured CoCr alloy top coat with surface roughness R a=34.25±5.50 μm was produced to create suitable pores ranging from 25 μm to 200 μm for bone ingrowth. For HA top coat, a relatively smooth surface (R a=15.14±3.21 μm) was prepared for bone apposition. Shear testing of bone/implant interfaces showed that the CoCr alloy top coat exhibited significantly lower (p〈0.01) mean shear strength than the HA top coat at each time interval. The maximum shear strength was 10.88±0.38 MPa for HA-coated implants 12 weeks post-implantation. After histological evaluations, substantial differences in the extent of new bone formation and the types of implant/bone contact were found between two kinds of implants. Direct bone-to-HA coating contact was consistently observed, while a layer of fibrous tissue intervening at the bone-CoCr alloy coating interface was found. Occasionally, partial dissolution of HA coating was seen after 12 weeks of implantation. The results of this study suggested that plasma-sprayed macrotextured CoCr coatings may not be an effective alternative for biological fixation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00121256
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coating: effect of different calcium phosphate ceramics (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 5 (1994), S. 147-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Three kinds of calcium phosphate ceramic powders, namely commercial hydroxyapatite (CHA), self-made hydroxyapatite (SMHA) and synthesized hydroxyapatite (SHA), are employed as starting materials for plasma-sprayed coating onto a stainless steel (316L) substrate. Results show a mixture of hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and tetracalcium phosphate (TeCP) phases appearing in the CHA and SHA-derived coatings and a primary of a HA with trace contents of tricalcium phosphate phases resulting in the SMHA-derived coating. The HA appears to be the only observable crystalline phase present in the SMHA-derived coating after 7 days of incubation with a simulated body fluid (SBF); however, part of the impurities, i.e. TCP and TeCP, remain in the other coatings. No apparent microcracks can be found on the coated surfaces when SMHA and SHA are used. The poor packing density of SHA reflects its weakness in bonding strength to the substrate surface compared with that obtained using CHA and SMHA powders. The surface morphology of the coatings was found to alter significantly after a sufficient period of incubation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00053335
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influences of plasma spraying parameters on the characteristics of hydroxyapatite coatings: a quantitative study (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1995), S. 249-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: All laboratory-made plasma-sprayed hydroxylapatite coatings (HACs) were found to undergo, to different degrees, changes in phase composition, crystallinity, morphology and roughness dependent on plasma spraying parameters (PSPs). The PSPs, which were systematically varied, included the plasma atmosphere, the spraying current and the stand-off distance. Through the determinations of the concentration of impurity phase (CIP) and the index of crystallinity (IOC), the extent of phase purity and the degree of crystallinity of HACs were quantitatively assessed, respectively. Coatings consisting of at least 50% (IOC〉50%) of the original crystalline structure and almostly 95% (CIP〈5%) apatite with barely detectable extra phases were obtained. The microstructure of HACs exhibited great deviations both in morphology from molten to partial molten state and in roughness from coating of high irregularity (R a=14.48μm) to a smoother (R a=4.46 μm) one, dominantly influenced by the spraying atmosphere. As the terms of CIP and IOC are defined and established, the biological responses related to phase purity and crystallinity of HACs can be further evaluated in vitro and in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00120267
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiaxial and Time Dependent Behavior of a Filled Rubber (2000)
    Springer
    Mechanics of time-dependent materials 4 (2000), S. 293-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2738
    Keywords: filled rubber ; large deformations ; multiaxial behavior ; viscoelasticity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper explores the applicability of various pseudo stressand strain models for predicting the nonlinear stress-strain behavior ofa lightly filled rubber. The objectivity of the different models wasexamined and parameters were extracted on the basis of relaxation andramp loading experiments in tension. The effectiveness of the models forpredicting strip biaxial tension and compression and simple shearresponses was examined. A pseudo stress model based on Cauchy stressprovided the best agreement with experimental results. However,improvements are still needed for modeling the unloading behavior in allstress states and the normal stresses that are induced during simpleshear loading.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026575808632
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