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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study on the Distribution of Dyads in Acrylonitrile-Methyl Acrylate Copolymers by Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography (1972)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 5 (1972), S. 325-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma60027a019
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyrolysis Gas Chromatographic Evaluation of Sequence Distribution of Dyads in Vinyl-Type Copolymers: Acrylonitrile-m-Chlorostyrene and Acrylonitrile-p-Chlorostyrene Copolymers (1974)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 7 (1974), S. 376-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma60039a021
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A useful approach for the screening of active neural-inducing factors (1994)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 203 (1994), S. 351-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Neural induction ; Extracellular matrix ; Amphibia ; Inducing factor ; Mesoderm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The present study suggests that the membrane-binding molecules of mesodermal cells and/or the modulated extracellular matrix (ECM) with them play an important role in induction of the central nervous system. Artificially mesodermalized ectoderm (mE) or chordamesoderm (cM) was placed on a collagen and flbronectin (CF)-coated dish for 24 h. After mechanical removal of the mesoderm sheet, competent ectoderm of early gastrulae was placed on the same spot. Many melanocytes and neuronal cells were observed after 1 week, along with many cells which reacted specifically with a neuralspecific monoclonal antibody. However, when presumptive ectoderm (pE) instead of mE or cM was used as the control, only epidermal cells with cilia were observed in the competent ectoderm, except for a few melanocytes in rare cases. The proteins synthesized and remaining on the CF substrate during placement of the mE and pE were analysed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) fluorography. The fluorography indicated that there were significant differences between the polypeptides spots of mE and pE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00457806
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two essential processes in the formation of a dorsal axis during gastrulation ofCynops embryo (1994)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 204 (1994), S. 11-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Dorsalization ; Axis formation ; Gastrulation ; Organizer centre ; Cynops
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The isolated upper marginal zone from the initial stage ofCynops gastrulation is not yet determined to form the dorsal axis mesoderm: notochord and muscle. In this experiment, we will indicate where the dorsal mesoderm-inducing activity is localized in the very early gastrula, and what is an important event for specification of the dorsal axis mesoderm during gastrulation. Recombination experiments showed that dorsal mesoderm-inducing activity was localized definitively in the endodermal epithelium (EE) of the lower marginal zone, with a dorso-ventral gradient; and the EE itself differentiated into endodermal tissues, mainly pharyngeal endoderm. Nevertheless, when dorsal EE alone was transplanted into the ventral region, a secondary axis with dorsal mesoderm was barely formed. However, when dorsal EE was transplanted with the bottle cells which by themselves were incapable of mesoderm induction, a second axis with well-developed dorsal mesoderm was observed. When the animal half with the lower marginal zone was rotated 180° and recombined with the vegetal half, most of the rotated embryos formed only one dorsal axis at the primary blastopore side. The present results suggest that there are at least two essential processes in dorsal axis formation: mesoderm induction of the upper marginal zone by endodermal epithelium of the lower marginal zone, and dorsalization of the upper dorsal marginal zone evoked during involution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00744868
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two essential processes in the formation of a dorsal axis during gastrulation of Cynops embryo (1994)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 204 (1994), S. 11-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Dorsalization ; Axis formation ; Gastrulation ; Organizer centre ; Cynops
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The isolated upper marginal zone from the initial stage of Cynops gastrulation is not yet determined to form the dorsal axis mesoderm: notochord and muscle. In this experiment, we will indicate where the dorsal mesoderm-inducing activity is localized in the very early gastrula, and what is an important event for specification of the dorsal axis mesoderm during gastrulation. Recombination experiments showed that dorsal mesoderm-inducing activity was localized definitively in the endodermal epithelium (EE) of the lower marginal zone, with a dorso-ventral gradient; and the EE itself differentiated into endodermal tissues, mainly pharyngeal endoderm. Nevertheless, when dorsal EE alone was transplanted into the ventral region, a secondary axis with dorsal mesoderm was barely formed. However, when dorsal EE was transplanted with the bottle cells which by themselves were incapable of mesoderm induction, a second axis with well-developed dorsal mesoderm was observed. When the animal half with the lower marginal zone was rotated 180° and recombined with the vegetal half, most of the rotated embryos formed only one dorsal axis at the primary blastopore side. The present results suggest that there are at least two essential processes in dorsal axis formation: mesoderm induction of the upper marginal zone by endodermal epithelium of the lower marginal zone, and dorsalization of the upper dorsal marginal zone evoked during involution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189063
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Migratory neural crest-like cells form body pigmentation in a urochordate embryo (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 431 (2004), S. 696-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The neural crest, a source of many different cell types in vertebrate embryos, has not been identified in other chordates. Current opinion therefore holds that neural crest cells were a vertebrate innovation. Here we describe a migratory cell population resembling neural crest cells in the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02975
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hedgehog signalling controls eye degeneration in blind cavefish (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 431 (2004), S. 844-847 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Hedgehog (Hh) proteins are responsible for critical signalling events during development but their evolutionary roles remain to be determined. Here we show that hh gene expression at the embryonic midline controls eye degeneration in blind cavefish. We use the teleost Astyanax mexicanus, a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02864
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy metal accumulations and their recent changes in southern minke whalesBalaenoptera acutorostrata (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 16 (1987), S. 209-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The concentrations of heavy metals in the livers of southern minke whales,B. acutorostrata, were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and their accumulation levels and variations were compared to food habit, and biological parameters. The concentration levels and bioconcentration factors of metals in the minke whale were relatively high for Fe and Cd and low for Hg, when compared to seals and small-toothed cetaceans from different waters. For most of the metals examined, the concentrations were log-normally distributed. The concentrations of Fe, Cd, and Hg were positively correlated with age, but a correlation was not observed for the other metals. While the hepatic Fe concentration linearly increased with age, the concentrations of Cd and Hg increased up to the age of about 20 years and thereafter decreased year by year. Such unusual age trends of Cd and Hg are considered to be due to recent changes of the amount of food intake by the minke whale, as a result of structural disturbances in the Antarctic marine ecosystem due to commercial whaling. Also, the hepatic concentrations of metals varied between sexes, and with reproductive status of the matured female; the concentration of Fe was lower in the females than the males, and Fe, Pb, Ni, and Co concentrations in the matured females decreased with progress of gestation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01055801
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress intensity factors for three-dimensional cracks (1978)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 14 (1978), S. 17-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La méthode de superposition des solutions analytiques et par éléments finis est proposée pour déterminer les distributions tri-dimensionnelles du facteur d'intensité des contraintes; la partie singulière de la solution est exprimée par une combinaison linéaire des solutions analytiques et le reste de la solution par une solution à éléments finis. La méthode est appliquée aux cas d'une barre ronde comportant une fissure circonférentielle, et de tôles comportant des fissures pénétrantes. Les distributions détaillées du facteur d'intensité de contrainte au voisinage des surfaces de la tôle sont analysées à l'aide de la théorie de Benthem, qui montre que moins de 0,5% de l'épaisseur de la tôle est sévèrement influencée par l'effet de surfaces dans le cas d'éprouvette de tension compacte. Les calculs de la méthode présentée peuvent être exécutés à l'aide d'un programme à objectifs généraux destiné à l'analyse par élément fini sans recourir à des éléments spéciaux.
    Notes: Abstract The method of superposition of analytical and finite-element solutions is proposed for determining three-dimensional distributions of the stress intensity factor; the singular part of the solution is expressed by a linear combination of analytical solutions, and the rest by a finite-element solution. The method is applied to a round bar with a circumferential crack and plates with penetrating cracks. Detailed distributions of the stress intensity factor near the plate surfaces are investigated with the aid of Benthem's theory, which shows that less than 0.5% of the plate thickness is severely influenced by the plate surfaces in the case of a compact tension specimen. Computations for the present method can be performed with a general purpose program for finite element analysis without using special elements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00032382
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress intensity factors for cracks in notch bend specimens for three-point bending (1976)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 12 (1976), S. 495-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00032850
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