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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EPR studies of singlet oxygen (^1O"2) and free radicals (O"2^.^-, ^.OH, HB^.^-) generated during photosensitization of hypocrellin B
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Free Radical Biology and Medicine 14 (1993), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 0891-5849
    Keywords: Active oxygen ; EPR ; Free radicals ; Hypocrellin B ; Photosensitization ; Spin counteraction ; Spin trapping
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0891-5849(93)90503-M
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal characteristics of alexandrite fluorescence decay at high temperatures, induced by a visible laser diode emission (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 3493-3498 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Resulting from an experimental study to develop a fiber-optic temperature sensor based on the fluorescence decay of Cr3+-doped crystalline alexandrite, a simple configurational coordinate model is proposed to describe the kinetics of alexandrite fluorescence over the temperature region from 20 to 700 °C, to link experimental and theoretical work. This model fits well the experimental fluorescence lifetime data over the above region and successfully explains the observed phenomenon that a sharp reduction in the fluorescence lifetime occurs beyond ∼400 °C. The model was also used to study the temperature dependence of the intensity of the fluorescence emission induced by light from a visible laser diode, and as a result it is suggested that a phonon-assisted absorption is involved in a specific absorption process, where the energy of a single incident photon is below that of the primary absorption band 4T2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354054
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prony's method for exponential lifetime estimations in fluorescence-based thermometers (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 2590-2594 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Noniterative algorithms using Prony's method are proposed for the estimation of the exponential lifetime in fluorescence-based fiber-optic sensor systems. The uses of a variety of Prony's algorithms are evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations. It is shown that the performance of Prony's algorithms is quite close to that of Marquardt algorithms and they are the better alternatives to their Marquardt counterparts, when illustrated for real-time applications in temperature sensors with a 98% decrease in running time. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147219
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase-locked detection of fluorescence lifetime (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 2531-2540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A newly developed category of signal processing scheme for the detection of fluorescence lifetime is discussed, with application to a number of inexpensive, compact, and reliable fluorescence lifetime-based fiber optic sensors. With phase-sensitive detectors being used to achieve a high noise-suppression ability, the schemes discussed here include some of the features of existing phase and modulation techniques for lifetime measurement. However, they differ from them in several aspects, especially in that they operate in a way rather similar to that of a phase-locked loop. Based on such schemes, the measured lifetime is converted to a repetitive signal whose period is directly proportional to it, and thus a high measurement resolution can be achieved. Such schemes can be operated over a wide consecutive measurement range of fluorescence lifetime, and they are particularly useful for temperature sensor applications using long lifetime ((approximately-greater-than)1 μs) fluorescent media. Illustrations of the applications of these schemes in lifetime-based fiber optic thermometers are presented showing their promising potential for both biomedical and industrial uses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143915
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fiber optic temperature sensor based on the cross referencing between blackbody radiation and fluorescence lifetime (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 3177-3181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A high-temperature optical sensor scheme, based on the cross referencing between a fluorescence lifetime measurement and a blackbody radiation measurement, has been developed. Results are presented indicating the value of this scheme over a wide sensing range and measurements are achieved from room temperature to 900 °C. The measurement resolution over the range and practical applications are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142572
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fiber-optic high-temperature sensor based on the fluorescence lifetime of alexandrite (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 3869-3873 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A fiber-optic sensor for continuous temperature measurement from room temperature to (approximately-greater-than)700 °C is presented. The device is based upon the excitation of the synthetic crystal alexandrite with light from a diode laser operating at 670 nm and the measurement of its fluorescence lifetime. A simple low cost optical configuration is described together with the introduction of a new effective signal processing scheme for fluorescence lifetime measurement, and a high sensitivity and repeatability are observed, at best ±1 °C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143285
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel signal processing scheme for a fluorescence based fiber-optic temperature sensor (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 1735-1742 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A novel signal processing approach, which results in a significant improvement in the measurement resolution for a fluorescent decay-time-based fiber optic temperature sensor, is proposed. The technique discussed is based on the phase sensitive detection (lock-in) of the fluorescent signal. As with the other phase-sensitive detection techniques, it has the significant advantage of a high noise-suppression ability, but it differs from existing phase sensitive detection methods in several aspects which are discussed to yield this improvement. When the system is used to monitor the fluorescence lifetime of ruby, in the range from 40 °C to 100 °C, the measurement resolution achievable due to the signal processing scheme is ±0.04 °C, and from 100 °C to 200 °C, it is ±0.2 °C. It should be noted that other measurement errors must be reduced to achieve a high accuracy of measurement comparable with this. Finally, the proposed technique can be used not only for the monitoring of fluorescence lifetime, but also for the highly accurate monitoring of the time-constants of other appropriate first order systems, such as a capacitive sensor, operating under high noise conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142414
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical studies on the antitumor action of mecaphane (1981)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 6 (1981), S. 155-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Over a period of 4 years, 241 patients with advanced cancer were treated with mecaphane alone in 11 hospitals. Effective objective responses were obtained in 100 patients (41.4%). The response was most conspicuous in chronic granulocytic leukemia, with remission in 37 of 40 patients; in Hodgkin's disease and lymphosarcoma response rates were 60% and 47.3%, respectively. Mecaphane had an analgesic action in metastatic osteolytic bone cancer, and two patients with such metastases even attained recalcification of the osteolytic destructive lesions. The common toxic manifestations of mecaphane were leukopenia (33.6%), gastrointestinal upsets (28.2%), and thrombocytopenia (12.8%). It is concluded, therefore, that mecaphane could be a good antitumor agent in clinical use. It is less expensive and can be taken orally. Further trials of this drug are recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262336
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On robust estimation of effect size under semiparametric models (1997)
    Springer
    Psychometrika 62 (1997), S. 201-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1860-0980
    Keywords: effect size ; robust estimation ; relative efficiency ; meta-analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Estimation of effect size is of interest in many applied fields such as Psychology, Sociology and Education. However there are few nonparametric estimators of effect size proposed in the existing literature, and little is known about the distributional characteristics of these estimators. In this article, two estimators based on the sample quantiles are proposed and studied. The first one is the estimator suggested by Hedges and Olkin (see page 93 of Hedges & Olkin, 1985) for the situation where a treatment effect is evaluated against a control group (Case A). A modified version of the robust estimator by Hedges and Olkin is also proposed for the situation where two parallel treatments are compared (Case B). Large sample distributions of both estimators are derived. Their asymptotic relative efficiencies with respect to the normal maximum likelihood estimators under several common distributions are evaluated. The robust properties of the proposed estimators are discussed with respect to the sample-wise breakdown points proposed by Akritas (1991). Simulation studies are provided in which the performing characteristics of the proposed estimator are compared to that of the nonparametric estimators by Kraemer and Andrews (1982). Interval estimation of the effect sizes is also discussed. In an example, interval estimates for the data set in Kraemer and Andrews (1982) are calculated for both cases A and B.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02295275
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Young's modulus of transcrystallinities in semicrystalline thermoplastic composites (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 54 (1994), S. 541-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In a fiber/semicrystalline polymer system, interphasial transcrystallinities might form between the fibers and the matrix bulk that is composed of spherulites. By using an analogy method, the Young's modulus Et of transcrystallinities in their growth direction was predicted by a well-known composite modeling theory. It is shown that Et is a function of the polymeric lamellar morphology and crystallinity. It is higher than the Young's modulus Es of the bulk spherulites and positively affects the stiffness of the materials in which the transcrystallinities are formed. The study was focused on poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) but with polyethylene (PE) as a comparison. Also, it is demonstrated the various possibilities of the value ET and the ratio ET/Es for different polymeric matrices depending on their lamellar moduli and the amorphous-phase ones. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070540504
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