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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The time dependent friction (TDF) introduced in paper I for barrier crossing problems is used to derive a functional form of the angular velocity autocorrelation function (AVACF) associated with the reactive coordinate. This theoretical expression is then compared with AVACFs derived directly from molecular dynamics angular velocity data. A connection between this AVACF model and Zwanzig's waiting-time description can be made. The TDF functions from paper I can also be used to deduce barrier crossing rates using the Kramers–Grote–Hynes formalism. A special case leads to the "extended'' Kramers equation, which was found in previous work to be congruous with experimental barrier crossing results. Using methods introduced by Okuyama and Oxtoby, a generalized Smoluchowski equation can also be derived. This Smoluchowski equation permits an examination of free diffusion and of the approach to equilibrium. Throughout papers I and II the theme is raised concerning the effects of nonlinear coupling on the methodology for analyzing barrier crossing problems. Seemingly, the appealing Langevin approach can be retained providing the parameters in this formalism are considered strictly empirical.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 6335-6339 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A unified memory kernel function is proposed on the basis of molecular dynamics simulations and comparison with experimental data. A frozen-solvent-like friction arises from the near-neighbor solvent cage effect, while the interaction between the system and the disordered heat bath or "broken cage'' gives rise to a white-noise friction. On short time scales, the apparent friction is a "series addition'' of these two limits, each solute molecule experiencing either an intact cage or a broken cage environment. For longer time scale behavior, the solvent is able to evolve, and some system molecules can experience both types of environments during the course of their own dynamics: the effective friction for these molecules then appears as a "parallel addition'' of the same two contributions. This leads to a memory kernel having a simple exponential behavior. As the time scale for the system dynamics becomes still longer, the cage becomes indistinguishable from the heat bath, and a purely Markoffian relaxation with delta-function memory kernel ensues. This unified memory kernel model has been found to be applicable to ultrafast chemical reaction rates and diffusion properties both in molecular dynamics simulations and laboratory experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 92 (1990), S. 5491-5498 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A nonequilibrium computer simulation is performed to investigate the relaxation of a realistic polar solvent near a rapidly dissociating ion pair. The time evolution of the reaction coordinate, the ultrashort time scale changes in solvation energy and solvent forces, the local density response, the heating of certain librational degrees of freedom, and the time-dependent polarization are studied during the first 125 fs of the reaction. It is found that the relaxation behaviors in the anionic and cationic shells are very different. On average, the solvation process under study takes about 30-40 fs to break the original cage. After another 50 fs, the solvated ion pair reforms a new metastable structure, which feeds energy back into the reacting system to break the cage further. This procedure is apparently repeated many times until dissociation is complete. The results obtained in this work provide a graphic picture of some of the features of ultrashort dynamics of ionic photodissociation reactions in a polar medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 7127-7131 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular dynamics techniques are used to study the structural changes in liquid carbon disulphide resulting from the introduction of a polar solute. It is found that both translational relaxation and rotational relaxation of the solvent in the shell surrounding the solute are faster than in the bulk liquid. Moreover, shifts in the intramolecular vibrational spectra and variations of the dielectric properties of the cage solvent are in evidence. The dynamical and spectroscopic behavior of the solute is also discussed. Microscopic friction experienced by the solute molecule for both translational and rotational motions is computed using the generalized stochastic theory. Information of this type is needed for constructing valid theories of ultrafast chemical reaction dynamics in condensed matter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 88 (1988), S. 7088-7096 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The memory kernel in liquid phase cis–trans isomerization is examined from the point of view of existing experimental data as well as MD simulations. In agreement with nonlinear system/bath coupling theories, when the generalized Langevin equation is written in the conventional way, we find that the "effective'' memory kernel in this equation depends on the properties of the isomerizing particle, including the barrier height. In addition, it is found that the angular velocity distribution for the isomerizing molecule may be strongly influenced by "shape effects,'' caused by actual molecular differences between the cis and trans configurations. This distribution may not be Maxwellian when considered over a partial angular range, e.g., the "barrier region.'' If this is a general phenomenon, the selection of correct initial conditions in the reactive flux method would create uncertainties in the application of that method to the calculation of barrier crossing rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters A 144 (1990), S. 361-364 
    ISSN: 0375-9601
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 153 (1988), S. 539-545 
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 148 (1988), S. 164-168 
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 170 (1990), S. 368-372 
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 163 (1989), S. 328-332 
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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