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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reference materials in environmental trace organic analysis (2000)
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 5 (2000), S. 191-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words Reference materials ; Organic analysis ; Environmental samples ; Analytical quality assurance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  The paper reviews the application of reference materials (RMs) in environmental analysis of trace organic pollutants. The problems related to RM preparation, stability, use, etc. are critically discussed. Importance of analytical quality assurance and the role RMs play in the process are emphasised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007690050442
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of solid-phase microextraction to monitoring indoor air quality (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 363 (1999), S. 696-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Practical application of Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) for the assessment of the quality of indoor air is presented. SPME was used to sample selected organic pollutants (carbon tetrachloride, benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, p-xylene and n-decane). An SPME fiber was coated with a 100 μm film of polydimethylsiloxane. The analytes extracted were analysed with a gas chromatograph directly coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The method was used to assess the indoor air quality in a few selected flats. The concentrations ranged from below detection limits to 6.9 mg/m3 for benzene depending on the flat; they were relatively high for newly built or freshly renovated flats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051273
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Volatile organo-halogen trace analysis in beverages by thin-layer headspace enrichment and electron-capture gas-chromatography (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 31 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Applicability of thin-layer headspace (TLHS) procedure giving an aqueous concentrate and also classical purge and trap (PT) in off-line mode to isolate and enrich volatile organohalogen compounds in common beverages was tested. Both enrichment tech-niques were used in combination with gas chromatography – electron capture detection (GC-ECD). TLHS, combined with direct aqueous injection (DAI)-GC-ECD, proved applicable in the determination of volatile organohalogen compounds in all studied beverages, while the PT in a version with no preliminary sample pre-treatment was of limited applicability. Detection limits of the TLHS-based procedure were in the order of 1 ppt. Content of volatile organohalogen compounds in a number of beverages available on the Polish market including mineral waters, beers, juices, carbonated and non-carbonated soft drinks, etc. was determined by means of TLHS-DAI-GC-ECD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2621.1996.00359.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distillation preconcentration and clean-up of aqueous samples for direct aqueous injection-gas chromatographic determination of volatile polar organic pollutants (1998)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 360 (1998), S. 86-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The applicability of distillation to concentrate and clean up heavily loaded aqueous samples for the analysis of volatile polar organic compounds by means of direct aqueous injection-gas chromatography was studied. Recoveries for acetone, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylonitrile, butanone, 1,4-dioxane, ethyl acetate, and 3-pentanone were in the range of 60.6 to 73.4% with relative standard deviations of 3.6 to 5.5%. The corresponding enrichment factors were in the order of 200. The recovery did not depend on the concentration in the studied range of 0.70 to 89 μg/kg. The detection limits with the mass selective detector operating in the selected ion monitoring mode were in the order of 0.1 μg/kg. The method was successfully applied to treated waste water from a pharmaceutical factory. The content of the above analytes in the real sample ranged from below 0.1 to ca. 83 μg/kg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050647
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Head-space solid phase microextraction for the GC-MS analysis of terpenoids in herb based formulations (1996)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 356 (1996), S. 80-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Head-Space Solid Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) has been employed for sampling of volatile components and their volatile decomposition products occurring in herbal medicines and herb extracts with subsequent injection into a gas chromatographic column. The identification and quantification was performed by coupled gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with classical splitless injection, electron impact ionization and a quadrupole mass analyzer. As fast and inexpensive technique for the isolation of organic analytes HS-SPME with GC-MS can be successfully employed for the quality control of herbal medicines and other formulations containing herb extracts. Analytical results with satisfying accuracy and precision are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0021663560080
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of benzene alkyl derivatives in heavily loaded environmental aqueous samples by means of combination of distillation and purge and trap-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 20 (1997), S. 482-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Volatile benzene alkyl derivatives ; Simple distillation ; Purge and trap ; Capillary gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Simple distillation was used to prepare aqueous environmental samples (especially those with high content of accompanying dissolved and suspended organic and inorganic matter) for determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) by means of purge and trap (PT) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The PT step was carried out with a laboratory-built device in which alalytes desorbed from a Primary trap (macrotrap) are focused in a microtrap (also with sorbent) and moisture is removed from purge gases by a Nafion tube (walls selectively permeable to water vapor). Recoveries, if only the first 10 ml distillate was collected, were of the order of 40% at optimum distillation parameters. At a probability level of 95% recoveries were independent of concentration in a studied concentration range of 0.50-30 ppb. Enrichment factors for distillation were of the order off 20. Real samples, i.e., raw and treated waste water were analyzedc for BTEX content by the developed medthod.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240200904
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the Use of Commercial Capillary Gas Chromatographic Columns as Diffusion Denuders (2000)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 23 (2000), S. 449-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Denuders ; isolation and enrichment ; analysis ; volatile organic compounds ; partition coefficients Kfs ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The possibility of using a piece of gas chromatographic capillary column as a tubular denuder for isolation and enrichment of organic pollutants present in air was studied. The partition coefficients (Kfs) of typical organic pollutants (benzene, chlorobenzene, toluene) between the gaseous phase and the denuder sorption layer were determined and effects of analyte concentration in the gaseous phase and gas flow rate on partitioning were studied. The partition coefficients were found to be constant in the studied range of concentration and gaseous mixture flow rate. A piece of a capillary column coated with polydimethylosiloxane can be used as a tubular denuder.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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