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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The design and application of a microfoil tensile test apparatus for monitoring the degree of ultraviolet degradation of polymers (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 1620-1623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A microfoil tensile test apparatus has been developed to determine the tensile strength of thin slices cut from the surface of uv-degraded plastic products. It will be shown that it is possible to obtain data on the degree and depth of ultraviolet degradation in polypropylene copolymer and high-density polyethylene with the microfoil tensile test apparatus and to relate this to the impact resistance. The results are in agreement with the results determined by infrared spectroscopy but are obtained in less time and more accurately. The influences of sample preparation and geometry, elapsed time after microtoming, and method of processing on the tensile strength, will be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142441
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Obituary (1973)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 6 (1973), S. 462-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-0874
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: History , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007087400012796
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure of bongkrekic acid
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron 29 (1973), S. 1541-1547 
    Details
    ISSN: 0040-4020
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)83395-0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fullerene C"7"0, toluene 1:1 solvate: structural and thermodynamic evidences
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 208 (1993), S. 68-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0009-2614(93)80078-4
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural Fibre Mat Thermoplastic Products from a Processor's Point of View (2000)
    Springer
    Applied composite materials 7 (2000), S. 415-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4897
    Keywords: composites ; automotive ; natural fibres ; processing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Natural fibres have significant advantages over glass, as an alternative fibre reinforcement material. Natural fibres are more environmentally friendly, healthier and safer, and cause less abrasive wear of processing equipment. On the other hand, their mechanical properties show a large scatter, and are at best equivalent to glass (natural fibres, however, have a lower density). Further disadvantages of the current natural fibre reinforced materials are their moisture sensitivity – which makes them prone to swelling and rotting – their smell and their current cost level. Experiments with the application of Natural Fibre Mat Thermoplastics (NMT) on current automotive products proved the disadvantages. On the other hand it yielded several new research themes concerning property limits and gave insight in the area's where to optimize in order to get a broad application of natural fibre reinforced plastic products. Looking towards the long term, other alternatives, like bio-composites or all-PP composites should be further explored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026554610834
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone morphogenetic protein and ceramic-induced osteogenesis (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1998), S. 717-721 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract To investigate the relationship between bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) and calcium phosphate ceramic-induced osteogenesis in soft tissues, in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed. In an in vitro study, the ability of different calcium phosphate ceramics to absorb bovine BMP (bBMP) from a bBMP solution was tested. In vivo studies included immunohistochemical BMP staining before bone formation in the ceramics was detected, and the enhancement of bone formation in calcium phosphate ceramics by bBMP. The results were: (1) calcium phosphate ceramics have a strong ability to absorb bBMP; (2) a high BMP concentration reaches inside the ceramic implants before bone formation in soft tissues of domestic pig occurs; (3) by 56% at 50 d and by 23% at 100 d, bBMP enhances bone formation in calcium phosphate ceramics implanted in soft tissues of dogs. The results indicate the BMP plays an important role in calcium phosphate ceramic-induced osteogenesis and that adsorption of native BMP from the body fluids to ceramic implants may be a key step in osteoinduction by calcium phosphate ceramics © 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008998817977
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osteoinduction by calcium phosphate biomaterials (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1998), S. 723-726 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Different materials were implanted in muscles of dogs to study the osteoinduction of calcium phosphate biomaterials. Bone formation was only seen in calcium phosphate biomaterials with micropores, and could be found in hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramic, tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite ceramic (BCP), β-TCP ceramic and calcium phosphate cement. The osteoinductive potential was different in different materials. The results indicate that osteoinduction can be a property of calcium phosphate biomaterials when they exhibit specific chemical and structural characteristics. © 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008950902047
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo bone formation by human bone marrow cells: effect of osteogenic culture supplements and cell densities (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1998), S. 855-858 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Bone marrow is known to contain a population of osteoprogenitor cells that can go through complete differentiation when cultured in a medium containing appropriate bioactive factors. In this study, porous particles of a calcium phosphate material were seeded with adult human bone marrow cells in the second passage. After an additional culture period of 1 wk in the particles, these hybrid constructs were subcutaneouslly implanted in nude mice with a survival period of 4 wk. The cell seeding densities range from 0–200 000 cells per particle and the cell culture system was designed to investigate the single and combined effects of dexamethasone and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2). The hybrid “material/tissue” constructs were processed for histology and the amount of de novo bone formation was quantified, for each culture condition, by histomorphometric techniques. The relative percentage of mineralized bone formation reached a maximal value of 19.77±5.06, for samples cultured in the presence of rhBMP-2 and with a seeding density of 200 000 cells/particle, compared to 0.52±0.45 for samples in which no cells had been cultured and had been incubated in culture medium supplemented with Dex and rhBMP-2. For the tested conditions and for the low cell numbers used in this study, rhBMP-2 proved to be an essential bioactive factor to obtain in vivo bone formation by our culture system. The results from this study prove the potential of cultured adult human bone marrow cells to initiate and accelerate de novo bone formation after transplantation into an ectopic site. © 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008904413859
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone tissue engineering on calcium phosphate-coated titanium plates utilizing cultured rat bone marrow cells: a preliminary study (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1998), S. 859-863 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The use of osteoinductive in vitro tissue-coated implants in orthopaedic and dental surgery (e.g. revision hip arthroplasty), could result in a better fixation of these implants. However, this tissue engineering technology has only proved to be effective in porous materials and not on flat implant surfaces. In this study we have demonstrated that calcium phosphate-coated titanium plates with a layer of cultured osteogenic cells and their extracellular matrix can initiate bone formation in vivo. Both primary and subcultured rat bone marrow cells were grown on to biomimetic calcium phosphate-coated titanium plates. After 7 d of culture, in the presence or absence of dexamethasone, the implants were subcutaneously implanted in nude mice for 4 wk. Control samples, which consisted of calcium phosphate-coated plates without cultured cells and porous calcium phosphate particles with or without cultured cells, were also implanted subcutaneously. At autopsy, no bone formation could be detected on any of the control samples without cells and samples with subcultured cells, which were primary cultured in medium without dexamethasone. In contrast, clear de novo bone formation could be observed on the calcium phosphate-coated plates and in the porous calcium phosphate particles with primary or subcultured cells, which had been continuously cultured in medium with dexamethasone. These results indicate that this hybrid technology offers great potential for the fixation of flat bone replacement implants (e.g. artificial hips) in inferior bone in the future. © 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008956430697
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the cytotoxicity of molybdenum as powder and as alloying element in a niobium–molybdenum alloy (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1998), S. 761-765 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Commercially pure metal niobium (c.p. Nb) as well as niobium–molybdenum (Nb–Mo) alloys were produced following several powder metallurgical routes. In brief, niobium and molybdenum powders were blended and milled in order to form Nb–Mo alloys. The alloy powders and the c.p. Nb were then either pressed and sintered, or cold isostatically pressed followed by hot isostatically pressing. In order to assess the cytotoxicity of the c.p. Nb and c.p. Mo powders, a 72 h minimal essential medium-extraction test was performed according to ISO/EN 10993–5. The cytotoxicity of the c.p. Nb metal and the Nb–Mo alloys was tested in a 72 h direct contact test. Compared to a negative control (UHMWPE), c.p. Nb was non-toxic, but c.p. Mo was moderately toxic. None of the powder metallurgically produced materials were toxic. Neither differences in molybdenum concentration, nor in porosity of the samples, due to different production routes, had any influence on the toxicity of the materials. Rat bone marrow cultures showed that only on c.p. Nb was a mineralized extracellular matrix formed, while on the more porous Nb–Mo alloys, cell growth was observed, but no mineralization. In conclusion, c.p. Mo powder is moderately toxic, however, as an alloying element it is non-toxic. Material porosity seems to influence differentiation of bone tissue in vitro. © 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008919422520
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