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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (114)
  • 1995-1999  (114)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetization of cadmium ferrite prepared by coprecipitation (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 1015-1019 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We investigated the magnetization of the ultrafine cadmium ferrite particles formed during the coprecipitation method and discussed the origin of enhanced magnetization based on the magnetic properties. A transmission electron microscopy micrograph shows aggregation of fine particles having two kinds of shapes, fibrous and granular. X-ray diffraction patterns of the specimens prepared by the coprecipitation method are composed of peaks corresponding to CdFe2O4, Cd(OH)2, and α-FeO(OH). The pattern indicates that the peaks of CdFe2O4 are fairly broad, suggesting the formation of a very small crystallite, with an average size of ∼8 nm. The ultrafine CdFe2O4 particles exhibit ferromagnetic behavior and have a net magnetization of 89±5 emu/g at 6 K. These results suggest that there must be many ferromagnetic clusters consisting of Fe3+ ions at the B sites around Fe3+ ions at the A site by the A–B interactions. Thus, such a change in the distribution of Fe3+ ions in the ultrafine CdFe2O4 particles results in increasing magnetization with decreasing particle size. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362834
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine structure of boron nitride nanotubes produced from carbon nanotubes by a substitution reaction (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 2364-2366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Here we report on the precise structural investigation of multiwalled boron nitride (BN) nanotubes by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. The nanotubes were produced from carbon nanotubes by applying a recently discovered technique: a substitution chemical reaction [W. Han, Y. Bando, K. Kurashima, and T. Sato, Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3085 (1998)]. It is found that in contrast to the starting carbon nanotubes, which exhibited large number of shells (typically 〉10), a significant proportion of buckled and corrugated graphene-like sheets, poor degree of graphitization, and wide distribution of helicities, the resultant BN nanotubes revealed perfectly straight shapes, limited number of shells (typically 2–6), and remarkable ordering of the graphene-like sheets in the so-called nonhelical "zig-zag" fashion with the [101¯0] direction parallel to the tube axis. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.371058
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of paired luminous rings in capacitive radio-frequency hydrogen discharges (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 1179-1181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The temporal and spatial evolution of paired luminous rings is observed in pulsed capacitive radio-frequency (rf) hydrogen discharges. The time-resolved axial profile of the light intensity indicates that the outermost ring pairs near the electrodes start to appear earlier than the inner ones, and that only the left-side (right-side) rings of ring pairs turn on when the rf voltage applied to the left-side (right-side) electrode is positive. The physical mechanism to create the paired rings seems to be similar to that of the standing striations in dc glow discharges. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872357
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theory of pressure-induced islands and self-healing in three-dimensional toroidal magnetohydrodynamic equilibria (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 883-888 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The role of singular currents in three-dimensional toroidal equilibria and their resolution by magnetic island formation is discussed from both analytical and computational points of view. Earlier analytical results are extended to include small vacuum islands, which may, in general, have different phases with respect to pressure-induced islands. In currentless stellarators, the formation of islands is shown to depend on the resistive parameter DR, as well as the integrated effect of global Pfirsch–Schlüter currents. It is demonstrated that the pressure-induced "self-healing'' effect, recently discovered computationally, is also predicted by analytical theory. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871369
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linear and nonlinear particle-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 1321-1327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Linear and nonlinear particle-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation codes are developed to study interactions between energetic ions and MHD modes. Energetic alpha particles with the slowing-down distribution are considered and the behavior of n=2 toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAE modes) is investigated with the parameters pertinent to the present large tokamaks. The linear simulation reveals the resonance condition between alpha particles and TAE mode. In the nonlinear simulation, two n=2 TAE modes are destabilized and alpha particle losses induced thereby are observed. Counterpassing particles are lost when they cross the passing-trapped boundary. They are the major part of lost particles, but trapped particles are also lost appreciably. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872791
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of magnetic islands in a Heliac (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 752-759 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Simulations of three-dimensional equilibria in the H-1 Heliac [Fusion Technol. 17, 123 (1990)] with the hint code [Phys. Fluids B 4, 1539 (1992)] show that the size of a dangerous magnetic island should increase with plasma pressure, but that a destruction of the equilibrium at low β is avoided because the rotational transform evolves to exclude the rational surface concerned. At higher pressures there is evidence of near-resonant flux surface deformations, which may lead to an equilibrium limit. A reconnected equilibrium at still higher pressures exhibits a double island structure, which is similar to homoclinic phase portraits that have been observed after separatrix reconnection in Hamiltonian systems. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871427
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling of magnetic island formation in magnetic reconnection experiment (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 6 (1999), S. 1253-1257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Formation of a magnetic island found in the Magnetic Reconnection Experiment (MRX) [M. Yamada, H. Ji, S. Hsu, et al., Phys. Plasmas 4, 1936 (1997)] is investigated by a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) relaxation theory and a numerical simulation. In the cohelicity injection with a mean toroidal field, the growing process of the island into a spheromak-type configuration is explained by quasistatic transition of the force-free and minimum energy state to a state with larger normalized helicity. It also turns out that no magnetic island would be generated in the counterhelicity case. The MHD simulation with inhomogeneous electric resistivity agrees with experimental results, which clearly shows formation and growth of the magnetic island in a diffusion region where the reconnection takes place. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873368
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetohydrodynamic simulation on co- and counter-helicity merging of spheromaks and driven magnetic reconnection (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 1297-1307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A magnetohydrodynamic relaxation process of spheromak merging is studied by means of an axisymmetric numerical simulation. As a result of counter-helicity merging, a field-reversed configuration is obtained in the final state, while a larger spheromak is formed after co-helicity merging. In the counter-helicity case, a clear pressure profile of which iso-surfaces coincide with flux surfaces is generated by thermal transport of a poloidal flow induced by driven reconnection. It is also found that a sharp pressure gradient formed in the vicinity of a reconnection point causes a bouncing motion of spheromaks. According to the bounce motion, the reconnection rate changes repeatedly. As shown by the Tokyo University Spherical Torus No. 3 (TS-3) experiments [M. Yamada, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 721 (1990)], furthermore, strong acceleration of a toroidal flow and reversal of a toroidal field in the counter-helicity merging were observed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872305
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetohydrodynamic Vlasov simulation of the toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 2711-2716 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new simulation method has been developed to investigate the excitation and saturation processes of toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAE modes). The background plasma is described by a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fluid model, while the kinetic evolution of energetic alpha particles is followed by the drift kinetic equation. The magnetic fluctuation of n=2 mode develops and saturates at the level of 1.8×10−3 of the equilibrium field when the initial beta of alpha particles is 2% at the magnetic axis. After saturation, the TAE mode amplitude shows an oscillatory behavior with a frequency corresponding to the bounce frequency of the alpha particles trapped by the TAE mode. The decrease of the power transfer rate from the alpha particles to the TAE mode, which is due to the trapped particle effect of a finite-amplitude wave, causes the saturation. From the linear growth rate the saturation level can be estimated. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871235
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of a materials science facility at the Photon Factory: Soft x-ray beamline BL 13C coupled with multipurpose analytical apparatus : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 1780-1782 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The performance data of an undulator soft x-ray beamline based on the cylindrical element monochromator concept are described. Photon fluxes over 1012 photon/s 0.1% b.w. are achieved with the slit width of 100 μm at the harmonic peaks of a 13-period undulator. The maximum resolution obtained at the N K edge (E/ΔE) is ≈5000 with the slit width of 10 μm. The beamline is equipped with a multipurpose analytical instrument having a hemispherical electron analyzer and other detectors. The system is used for both x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray absorption fine structure analyses for surface and materials science. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145848
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