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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (17)
  • 2000-2004  (13)
  • 1975-1979  (4)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (17)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of mitogen-activated protein kinases in influenza virus induction of prostaglandin E2 from arachidonic acid in bronchial epithelial cells (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Influenza virus (IV) infection causes airway inflammation; however, it has not been determined whether IV infection could catabolize arachidonic acid cascade in airway epithelial cells. In addition, the responsible intracellular signalling molecules that catabolize arachidonic acid cascade have not been determined.Objective In the present study, to clarify these issues, we examined the cyclooxygenase (COX) expression, cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) phosphorylation and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEC) upon IV infection, and the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 MAPK and c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) in catabolizing arachidonic acid cascade in BEC.Methods COX-2 expression, phosphorylation of cPLA2 and phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK were determined by Western blot. The concentrations of PGE2 were determined by ELISA. PD 98059 as a specific inhibitor of MAPK kinase-1 (MEK-1), an up-stream kinase of ERK, SB 203580 as a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK and CEP-11004 as a specific inhibitor of JNK cascade were used to investigate the role of ERK, p38 MAPK and JNK in catabolizing arachidonic acid cascade in BEC.Results The results showed that (1) IV infection increases COX-2 expression, cPLA2 phosphorylation and PGE2 release, (2) ERK, p38 MAPK and JNK were phosphorylated, (3) CEP-11004 and PD 98059 predominantly attenuated COX-2 expression and cPLA2 phosphorylation, respectively, (4) SB 203580 did not remarkably affect COX-2 expression and cPLA2 phosphorylation, and (5) each inhibitor dose-dependently attenuated PGE2 release by various extents.Conclusion These results indicate that IV infection activates three distinct MAPKs, ERK, p38 MAPK and JNK, to participate to various extents in the induction of PGE2 synthesis from arachidonic acid in BEC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01750.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blockade of superoxide generation prevents high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor-mediated release of allergic mediators by rat mast cell line and human basophils (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Previous studies have shown that rat peritoneal mast cells and mast cell model rat basophilic leukaemia (RBL-2H3) cells generate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to antigen challenge. However, the physiological significance of the burst of ROS is poorly understood.Objective The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of superoxide anion in mediator release in rat and human cell systems.Methods RBL-2H3 cells were directly stimulated with anti-rat FcεRI α-subunit monoclonal antibody (mAb). For the analysis of human cell system, leucocytes were isolated by dextran sedimentation from healthy volunteers or from patients, and challenged either with anti-human FcεRI mAb or with the relevant antigens. Superoxide generation was determined by chemiluminescence-based methods. The releases of histamine and leukotrienes (LT)s were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorben assay (ELISA).Results Cross-linking of FcεRI on RBL-2H3 cells or on human leucocytes from healthy donors by the anti-FcεRI mAb resulted in a rapid generation of superoxide anion, as determined by chemiluminescence using superoxide-specific probes. Similarly, leucocytes from patients generated superoxide anion in response to the challenge with the relevant allergen but not with the irrelevant allergen. Furthermore, diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), a well-known inhibitor of flavoenzymes suppressed the superoxide generation and the release of histamine and LTC4 induced by the anti-FcεRI mAb or by allergen in parallel.Conclusion These results indicate that both RBL-2H3 cells and human basophils generate superoxide anion upon FcεRI cross-linking either by antibody or by allergen challenge and that blockade of the generation prevents the release of allergic mediators. The findings strongly support the role of superoxide generation in the activation of mast cells and basophils under both physiological and pathological conditions. The findings suggest that drugs regulating the superoxide generation have potential therapeutic use for allergic disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0954-7894.2002.01263.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on schooling behaviour and brain development in larval yellowtail (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 58 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The onset of schooling behaviour and brain growth in larval yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata larvae fed on Artemia enriched with oleic acid (OA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for 10 days was investigated. Larvae from the DHA groups schooled with parallel orientation while those of the EPA groups showed only aggregation. Larvae of the OA groups were dispersed. DHA and EPA groups showed significantly smaller nearest neighbour distance compared with OA groups, and DHA groups showed significantly smaller values of nearest neighbour angle compared with the other groups. The relative volume of the tectum opticus (TO) of the DHA group was significantly larger in two experiments and also the relative volume of the cerebellum (CE) of that group was significantly larger in one experiment. Dietary DHA is probably critically important for the development of the brain, particularly TO, during the larval stages, and that development of TO may be the key factor of the ontogeny of schooling behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb02323.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of sofalcone on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in a Helicobacter pylori-infected gnotobiotic murine model (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Sofalcone has been reported to exert anti-ulcer and gastroprotective actions, but its exact mechanism of action remains unknown. In our laboratory, we found that indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers become worse when associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. Methods: We employed the H. pylori-infected gnotobiotic murine model to examine the effect of sofalcone on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in the presence of H. pylori infection. In vitro experiments were also done to evaluate the effects of sofalcone on H. pylori growth, adherence of H. pylori to the MKN45 cells (a human gastric epithelial cell line), and these cells' IL-8 production in the presence of H. pylori. Results: We found that sofalcone produced a significant improvement in ulcer size as well as a substantial reduction in the number of H. pylori colonies in H. pylori-infected gnotobiotic mice. In vitro sofalcone has a significant bacteriocidal effect against H. pylori and can also significantly prevent adherence of this bacterium to MKN45 cells, thus remarkably reducing IL-8 production of these cells in response to stimulation by H. pylori. Conclusion: Our results suggest that sofalcone can improve ulcer healing by the mechanisms mentioned above.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.014s1223.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoprovocation test and immunohistochemical analysis of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in patients with Sjögren's syndrome associated with photosensitivity (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 147 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background  Annular erythema (AE) in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) usually develops on areas of sun-exposed skin and is exacerbated during summer. Objectives  To evaluate photosensitivity in SS and to investigate the involvement of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the development of AE in SS. Methods  Phototesting with UVA and UVB was performed on 14 SS patients, including 10 with primary SS. Clinical and histological features as well as expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the evoked skin lesions were compared with those of lupus erythematosus (LE). Eleven SS patients had a history of photosensitive AE ( n  = 4), papules ( n  = 3) or other types ( n  = 4) of lesions on their sun-exposed skin that were induced or aggravated by sunlight exposure. Results  Phototesting induced a prolonged erythematous response ( n  = 8), infiltrated erythema (IE) ( n  = 4) and/or papules ( n  = 3) in 11 of 14 SS patients, including one with primary SS without a history of photosensitivity. Histologically, the induced IE and papules showed coat-sleeve-like or sparse perivascular infiltration of lymphocytes similar to that in primary skin lesions of AE in SS. No epidermal changes characteristic for LE were found except for partial and mild liquefaction degeneration in three cases. In contrast, two cases were indistinguishable from the papular type of polymorphic light eruption in several aspects, including their primary skin lesions and early response to a photoprovocation test. Immunohistochemistry revealed diffuse expression of iNOS throughout the epidermis, which is characteristic for LE, in the three SS patients with minimal liquefaction degeneration, while the remaining seven SS patients examined exhibited no iNOS staining or a normal expression pattern. Conclusions  Our results indicate that photosensitivity exists in certain primary SS patients, and that UV is critical to the development of AE in SS, probably through a pathological mechanism distinct from that in LE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04995.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improving the performance of aerospace alloys (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Aircraft engineering and aerospace technology 75 (2003), S. 372-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-2667
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper reviews the role of alloying elements in aluminium and alloy fabrication on performance during surface treatment and surface finishing. Such elements may be present in solid solution as fine segregates, strengthening phase and equilibrium phases. For surface treatment and finishes, which generally proceed in the presence of alumina film, knowledge of the processes proceeding at the alloy/film and film/electrolyte interfaces, and those within anodic alumina films, gives rise to the possibility of controlling features of nanoscale dimensions, for improved performance, arises. Its influence on nanotextures at treated surfaces and compositionally and morphologically modified films is explained briefly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00022660310484301
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two nucleon emission following bound pion absorption (1978)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 287 (1978), S. 299-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The absorption of a bound 2p pion in16O with the emission of two fast nucleons leading to low excitation of the residual nucleus has been studied. In our calculation, the following important effects have been considered simultaneously: (i) correlations in the initial nuclear wave function are treated on the basis of the Brueckner theory, (ii) the mutual final state scattering of the emitted pair and (iii) the nucleon-nucleus scattering are taken into account by the use of eikonal model wave function. Results are compared with other calculations and experiments. It is found that inspite of our elaborate treatments serious discrepancies between theory and experiments still remain. A more careful study of the absorption mechanism is emphasized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01481710
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N-Methylation ability for azaheterocyclic amines is higher in Parkinson's disease: nicotinamide loading test (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 107 (2000), S. 985-995 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Keywords: Parkinson's disease ; N-methylation ; nicotinamide ; aging.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The discovery of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) leads to the hypothesis that Parkinson's disease (PD) is may be initiated or precipitated by endogenous toxins by the mechanism similar to that of MPTP in genetically-predisposed individuals. The higher cerebrospinal fluid levels of N-methylated azaheterocyclic amines, such as β-carboline and tetrahydroisoquinoline, have been found in parkinsonian patients compared with age-matched controls. To estimate the N-methylation ability for azaheterocyclic amines in parkinsonian patient, nicotinamide was dosed with 100 mg to 26 parkinsonians and 20 controls consisted of 16 other neurogenic disease patients and 4 healthy volunteers. The urine was collected for 4 h, and then analyzed urinary its metabolites by an improved HPLC method. Nicotinamide has a pyridine ring in its structure and may be metabolized through the pathways similar to those for the endogenous neurotoxins. The urinary excretions of nicotinamide metabolites were significantly affected by aging. The excretion of N1-methylnicotinamide decreased along with aging both in PD patients and controls. In younger (65 years old or younger) PD patients, the excretion amount of N1-methylnicotinamide was significantly higher than that in younger controls. The decline rate of N1-methylnicotinamide excretion in parkinsonians was significantly greater than that in controls; the rate is more than 2-fold higher in parkinsonian patients. The age-associated de-crease in 1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxyamide excretion was observed only in parkinsonian patients, but not in controls. The total excreted amount of N-methylated metabolites (N1-methylnicotinamide plus 1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxyamide) was also observed the age-related decline in both groups. The urinary excretions of nicotinamide and nicotinamide-N-oxide were not influenced by aging. These results would indicate that the excess N-methylation ability for azaheterocyclic amines before the onset had been implicated in PD. On the other hand, the present results suggested that the contribution of aberrant cytochrome P450 or aldehyde oxidase activity acting on the pyridine ring, that could act as detoxification routes of endogenous neurotoxins, would be small in the etiology of PD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007020070047
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bright atomic beam by a temporal Zeeman acceleration (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 70 (2000), S. 561-565 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 32.80.Pj
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. A novel method to produce a slow, monochromatic, and bright pulsed atomic beam from a magneto-optical trap by switching the magnetic field of the trap is proposed. A pulsed lithium atomic beam with a brightness of 1.1×1015 /sr s and a velocity of 13 m/s was produced as an experimental proof of this technique. The conversion efficiency from the trap into the atomic pulse was nearly 100%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003400050862
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deposition and Characterization of Polycrystalline Silicon Thin-Films by Reactive Thermal Chemical Vapour Deposition at 450°C (2003)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 93 (June 2003), p. 281-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/26/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.93.281.pdf
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