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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalytic effects of fly ash from waste incineration facilities on the formation and decomposition of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (1987)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 21 (1987), S. 1080-1084 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00164a006
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copper-catalyzed dechlorination/hydrogenation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and other chlorinated aromatic compounds (1987)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 21 (1987), S. 1085-1088 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00164a007
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superconvergence of collocation methods for Volterra and Abel integral equations of the second kind (1981)
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 36 (1981), S. 347-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: AMS(MOS): 65R20 ; CR: 5.18
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary This paper deals with the question of the attainable order of convergence in the numerical solution of Volterra and Abel integral equations by collocation methods in certain piecewise polynomial spaces and which are based on suitable interpolatory quadrature for the resulting moment integrals. The use of a (nonlinear) variation of constants formula for the representation of the error function in terms of the defect allows for a unified treatment of equations with continuous and weakly singular kernels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01395951
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discretization of Volterra integral equations of the first kind (II) (1978)
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 30 (1978), S. 117-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: AMS(MOS): 65R05 ; CR: 5.18
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary In the present paper integral equations of the first kind associated with strictly monotone Volterra integral operators are solved by projecting the exact solution of such an equation into the spaceS m (−1) (Z N ) of piecewise polynomials of degreem≧0, possessing jump discontinuities on the setZ N of knots. Since the majority of “direct” one-step methods (including the higher-order block methods) result from particular discretizations of the moment integrals occuring in the above projection method we obtain a unified convergence analysis for these methods; in addition, the above approach yields the tools to deal with the question of the connection between the location of the collocation points used to determine the projection inS m (−1) (Z N ) and the order of convergence of the method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02042940
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elimination of various polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs and PCDFs) in rat faeces (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 63 (1989), S. 75-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) ; Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) ; Elimination ; Faeces
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A defined mixture (of a composition characteristic of that present in incinerator fly ash) of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans (PCDDs and PCDFs) was subcutaneously administered to rats and the elimination of the unchanged congeners via faeces was measured. 1) All congeners administered could be found in faeces. 2) The rates of elimination via faeces were rather different for the different congeners. 3) The most toxic congeners, 2378-T4CDD and 12378-P5CDD, were present in unmetabolized form in faeces to 〈 4% and 〈 8% of the administered dose within the first week. Thus, parenteral administration clearly minimizes contamination of the animal quarters when compared with corresponding oral dosing. 4) The rate of unchanged elimination was apparently especially pronounced for the higher chlorinated PCDDs and PCDFs. The highest excretion rate was found for 1234678-H7CDD (up to 30% of administered dose). 5) No obvious differences were observed in the rates of elimination of the unchanged substances via faeces of the 2378-substituted or the non-2378-substituted isomers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334639
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absorption and tissue distribution of various polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs and PCDFs) in the rat (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 63 (1989), S. 193-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Absorption ; Tissue distribution ; Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) ; Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A defined mixture of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs and PCDFs) was parenterally administered to rats and absorption and tissue distribution were measured: 1) Toluene/DMSO (1+2; v/v) proved to be a convenient vehicle for the subcutaneous administration of the various PCDDs and PCDFs. Seven days after application the rate of absorption was 90% of the administered dose or even higher for almost all of the PCDDs/PCDFs in the mixture. In a few cases only (e.g. OCDD) the rate was found to be 84–89%; 2) Seven days after subcutaneous administration all 2378-substituted congeners were found in the liver, whereas only a few non-2378-substituted congeners could be measured in minor quantities. The 2378-substituted congeners also predominated in adipose tissue; however, most of the non-2378-substituted congeners were also detected; 3) The amount deposited within the liver as percentage of the administered dose differed for the various 2378-substituted PCDDs and PCDFs, ranging from 〈10% for OCDD or 2378-T4CDF, and between 60 and close to 100% for 12378-P5CDD or the H6CDDs. Therefore, the concentration ratio (liver/adipose tissue) was also found to be very different, ranging from 〈3 in the case of 2378-T4CDD or 2378-T4CDF to 〉40 in the case of 1234678-H7CDD, 23478-P5CDF, 123678-H6CDF, or 1234678-H7CDF; 4) Studies performed at the time period of ongoing absorption (13–14 h after injection) provided the first evidence that some of the non-2378-substituted congeners do reach substantial concentrations in hepatic tissue shortly after administration; 5) Subsequent to intraperitoneàl injection of the same PCDD/PCDF mixture the concentrations within the liver were found to be almost identical with that found after subcutaneous injection. In contrast, much higher concentrations of the congeners were found in (abdominal) adipose tissue; 6) In the liver of untreated rats of the same strain no T4CDDs/T4CDFs
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316368
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buchbesprechungen (1981)
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 32 (1981), S. 768-772 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9039
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00946988
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stabilization of optimal difference operators (1967)
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 18 (1967), S. 438-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9039
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Dahlquist hat in [2] gezeigt, dass stabile Differenzenoperatoren mit dem Gradk höchstens die Ordnungp=k+2 erreichen können. Solche Operatoren zeigen die Erscheinung der schwachen Stabilität (marginal stability) [1,2,3]. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden stabile. Differenzenoperatoren gezeigt, die trotz maximaler Ordnung nicht mehr schwach stabil sind. Das Auftreten von schwacher Stabilität kann vermieden werden, wenn man die Koeffizienten des Operators von der Schrittweiteh des entsprechenden Verfahrens und von einem geeignet zu wählenden Parameter abhängen lässt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01601284
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The iterative correction method for Volterra integral equations (1996)
    Springer
    BIT 36 (1996), S. 221-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Keywords: Volterra integral equations ; collocation ; iterative correction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We show that the (n − 1)-fold application of an iterative correction technique to the iterated collocation solution corresponding to the one-point Gauss collocation solution for a Volterra integral equation of the second kind l6eads to a significant improvement in the precision of these approximations: the resulting rate of (global) convergence is $$\mathcal{O}\left( {h^n } \right)$$ .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01731980
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective determination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the presence of a large excess of other polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (1986)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 323 (1986), S. 24-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A procedure is described for the selective separation of 2,3,7,8-TCDD from all other PCDDs and PCDFs. For this purpose the mixture of PCDDs and PCDFs is fractionated on Alumina Woelm B Super I in such a manner that all PCDDs and PCDFs are eluted prior to 2,3,7,8-TCDD. This procedure allows a more sensitive quantitative determination of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in samples which contain 2,3,7,8-TCDD only as a very minor fraction of the other TCDDs or PCDDs and PCDFs. Determination of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in pentachlorophenol and in a waste sample from 2,4-dichlorophenol production by this procedure is described.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ein Verfahren wird beschrieben, das die selektive Abtrennung von 2,3,7,8-TCDD aus einer Mischung von allen PCDDs und PCDFs erlaubt. Dies geschieht durch Fraktionierung an Alumina Woelm B Super I, wodurch eine getrennte Elution aller PCDDs und PCDFs von 2,3,7,8-TCDD erreicht werden kann. Dieses Verfahren erlaubt die quantitative Bestimmung von 2,3,7,8-TCDD mit höherer Nachweisempfindlichkeit in Proben, die andere TCDDs bzw. PCDDs und PCDFs in extremen Überschüssen im Vergleich zu 2,3,7,8-TCDD enthalten. Am Beispiel der Bestimmung von 2,3,7,8-TCDD in Pentachlorphenol und in einem Produktionsrückstand von 2,4-Dichlorphenol wird die praktische Anwendbarkeit nachgewiesen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00531125
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