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  • Digitale Medien  (3)
  • Nutritional quality  (2)
  • Coral reefs  (1)
  • IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME  (1)
Materialart
  • Digitale Medien  (3)
Erscheinungszeitraum
Schlagwörter
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 180 (1994), S. 137-149 
    ISSN: 0022-0981
    Schlagwort(e): Chemical defense ; Nutritional quality ; Predator-prey interaction ; Secondary metabolite ; Sponge
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Oecologia 90 (1992), S. 333-339 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Schlagwort(e): Chemical defenses ; Coral reefs ; Nutritional quality ; Plant-herbivore interactions ; Predator-prey interactions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Many coral-reef seaweeds and sessile invertebrates produce both secondary chemicals and mineral or fibrous skeletal materials that can reduce their susceptibility to consumers. Although skeletal materials often have been assumed to function as physical defenses, their deterrent effectiveness may derive from their reduction of prey nutritional quality as well as from noxiousness of the skeletal material itself. To test the relative importance of prey nutritional quality and chemical defenses in susceptibility to predation, we offered reef fishes on Guam a choice of artificial foods varying in nutritional quality (4% versus 22% protein) and in secondary chemistry (spanning approximately natural concentration ranges). Field feeding assays were performed with pachydictyol A from the pantropical brown seaweed genus Dictyota, manoalide from the Micronesian sponge Luffariella variabilis, and a brominated diphenyl ether from the Micronesian sponge Dysidea sp. The results indicated that chemical defenses were less effective in high- than in low-quality foods. In paired assays with metabolite-free controls, all three compounds at natural concentrations significantly reduced feeding by reef fishes only in assays using low-quality food, and not in assays with high-quality food. When fishes were offered an array of artificial foods varying in both food quality and metabolite concentration, food quality significantly affected fish feeding in all three cases, while secondary chemistry was significant in only one. Thus differences in nutritional quality, within the natural range among reef organisms, can be comparable to or greater in importance than secondary chemistry in affecting feeding preferences of their consumers. Reduced nutritional quality may be an important selective advantage of producing indigestible structural materials, in addition to their roles as physical support and defense, in coral reef organisms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 42 (1997), S. 404-407 
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Schlagwort(e): IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME ; UROLOGICAL SYMPTOMS
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Irritable bowel syndrome patients often complainof urinary symptoms such as frequency, urgency, anddysuria, raising the possibility of inappropriatereferral to the urologist. To resolve this issue, the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome wascompared in patients attending urological and controlclinics (dermatology and ENT). The overall prevalence ofirritable bowel syndrome was 31.2% in the urological clinic compared with 21.2% in the controls (P〈 0.001), but striking differences emerged, dependingon presenting complaint. Irritable bowel symptoms wereparticularly common in patients presenting with loin pain (male: 40.9%, P = 0.004; female: 50%, P =0.03), dysuria (male: 43.8%, P = 0.007; female: 46.2%,P = 0.01) and frequency/urgency (male: 31.7%, P = 0.002;female: 42.4%, P = 0.006), and the male/femaleprevalence was 24% and 44%. These results suggest that inirritable bowel syndrome, urinary symptoms includingloin pain can present diagnostic dilemmas in both thegastroenterological and urological setting, underlining the importance of specialists in these fieldsworking together in order to define better ways ofmanaging such patients.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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