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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osteopetrosis: An interpretation of its pathogenesis (1981)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 7 (1981), S. 185-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Osteopetrosis ; Osteocytic osteolysis ; Osteocytic chondrolysis ; Calcitonin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two children with osteopetrosis were studied radiographically and histologically. It is concluded that the histopathologic finding of excessive retentions of chondro-osseous tissue and failure of remodeling of bones is the result of retarded osteocytic osteolysis and osteocytic chondrolysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00361862
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitochondrial binding of triiodothyronine (T3) (1984)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 236 (1984), S. 321-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Triiodothyronine ; Radioautography ; Mitochondria ; Liver ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary To assess the distribution of the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) within intact living cells, freshly prepared dispersed rat hepatocytes were incubated with [125I]-T3 for periods of 5 min and 30 min. Lightand electron-microscopic (EM) radioautography was carried out to determine the distribution of grains over the isolated cells. Both procedures showed the grains distributed almost entirely over the cytoplasmic matrix rather than the nucleus. Grain counts under the EM were compared with expectation based on established quantitative methods. Only the mitochondria showed obvious and statistically significant grain counts, whereas the nucleus failed to accumulate grains in excess of expectations by chance alone based on area. The findings support the existence of mitochondrial binding of T3, presumably a prerequisite for its action in direct stimulation of the mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214233
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pituitary serotonin: Responsiveness of levels to hormonal change and ultrastructural alterations associated with amine depletion (1980)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 211 (1980), S. 487-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Anterior pituitary ; Serotonin ; Reserpine ; Annulate lamellae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The level of serotonin in the pituitary gland of young dogs was significantly increased following treatment with thyroxine and after the injection of reserpine. Electron microscopic examination of the pituitary gland of thyroxine treated animals failed to reveal any ultrastructural alterations. Treatment with reserpine induced the appearance of annulate lamellae in the cytoplasm of cells containing very small granules and having the morphology of thyrotrophs. These observations suggest that biogenic amines within the gland may be involved in regulating the cellular activity of the pituitary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234402
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific paracrystalline structures of rough endoplasmic reticulum in the follicular (stellate) cells of the dog adenohypophysis (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 215 (1981), S. 215-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Adenohypophysis ; Stellate cells ; Paracrystalline structures ; Dog
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of follicular cells of the adenohypophysis was examined in fetal, neonatal, and adult beagle dogs. Prior to birth, undifferentiated follicular cells are common. At birth mature cells that form follicles are routinely encountered. The fine structural appearance of follicular cells is unchanged between birth and adulthood. Follicular cells of puppies and adults are, however, distinguished by the presence of unusual complexes within distended cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. These complexes vary greatly in morphology, some appear as a maze of interconnecting tubules while others show a highly organized paracrystalline configuration. The presence of these paracrystalloid structures in follicular cells supports the view that they represent a distinct pituitary cell type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236261
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipid droplet accumulation in cardiac muscle cells of the bat: Potential auto-toxicity of the cardiac sympathetic innervation (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 181 (1975), S. 149-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The previously described ability of reserpine and parachlorophenylalanine to induce the accumulation of lipid droplets in ventricular cardiac muscle cells of the bat was investigated. Lipid droplet accumulation was assessed qualitatively by light microscopy and quantitatively by morphometric analysis of electron micrographs. An hypothesis that the action of the drugs was an indirect one, mediated by the cardiac adrenergic innervation, was framed and tested. Lipid droplet accumulation occurred during a time of intense sympathetic activity, that of arousal from hibernation. The ability of the two drugs to produce the effect was antagonized by prior sympathectomy with 6-dopamine. The effect was mimicked by administration of exogenous norepinephrine together with inhibitors of its catabolic enzymes, monoamine oxidase and catechol-omethyl transferase. These observations are all consistent with the initial hypothesis and raise the possibility that endogenous norepinephrine in the cardiac sympathetic innervation might be, at least potentially, auto-toxic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091810202
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of a highly specific neuronal protein, serotonin binding protein, in thyroid parafollicular cells (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 193 (1979), S. 257-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A highly specific serotonin binding protein (SBP) has been found in serotonergic neurons in both brain and gut. This protein has an extremely high affinity for serotonin and may be a storage protein. Serotonin is found in many endocrine cells, including parafollicular cells of the sheep thyroid, as well as in neurons. SBP is also present in sheep thyroid. The present study was done to localize the protein in the gland. Thyroid glands were divided into five segments. Concentrations of serotonin and SBP, as well as parafollicular cell volume were measured in each. Serotonin was assayed by enzymatic conversion to melatonin using tritiated S-adenosylmethionine. SBP was assayed by molecular sieve chromatography on sephadex G-50. The relative volume of parafollicular cells was obtained by stereological analysis of electron micrographs. Experiments were also done to demonstrate these cells by histofluorescence and radioautography following incubation with tritiated 5-hydroxytryptophan. Good correlations were found between serotonin and SBP concentrations, and parafollicular cell volume. These peaked in the rostro-central portion of the gland and were minimal at the poles. We conclude that thyroid SBP is probably localized in parafollicular cells.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091930207
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural immunocytochemical studies of the localization and distribution of somatostatin, calcitonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and substance p in the bat thyroid follicle (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 221 (1988), S. 707-713 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Electron microscope immunocytochemistry was used to determine the intracellular localization and distribution among follicular elements of four peptides: calcitonin, somatostatin, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and substance P in the thyroid glands of bats captured in the prehibernation phase of their annual life cycle. Previous studies have shown that this period of the hibernation - activity cycle is characterized by the accumulation and storage of secretory granules in parafollicular cells. Sites of binding of primary antisera to each of the four peptides were identified by means of affinity-purified secondary antisera directly coupled to colloidal gold particles. Calcitonin and somatostatin immunoreactivities were found in all parafollicular cells examined and in every secretory granule within these cells. CGRP was also found in all parafollicular cells examined (n = 75) but only in about half of their secretory granules. In contrast to these peptides, substance P immunoreactivity was not found in any parafollicular cells, but was localized exclusively in nerve endings within the basement membrane of the follicle.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092210305
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of laminin in the murine pituitary (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 226 (1990), S. 471-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The distribution and cellular localization of the glycoprotein laminin were investigated by light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry in the adult murine pituitary gland. Immunoblots confirmed that laminin was the only protein in the pituitary gland of the adult male mouse to react with antilaminin serum. Laminin immunoreactivity was demonstrated at the light microscopic level simultaneously with that of β-follicle stimulating hormone (β-FSH) and β-luteinizing hormone (β-LH). In addition to its distribution is basal laminae, laminin immunoreactivity was coincidently expressed in gonadotrophs with the immunoreactivities of β-FSH and β-LH. Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry was employed on aldehyde-fixed sections embedded in L.R. White. Sites of binding of primary antisera to laminin were identified with affinity-purified secondary antisera directly coupled to 20 nm particles of colloidal gold. Three antisera recognizing laminin were compared and found to result in an identical pattern of immunoreactivity. Laminin was found extracellulary only in formed basal laminae in all three lobes of the pituitary and was not found in extracellular matrices of connective tissue. Laminin immunoreactivity was also found intracellularly in gonadotrophs but in none of the other endocrine or non-endocrine cells of the anterior lobe. Within gonadotrophs, only secretory granules were labeled. The majority, but not all, secretory granules were labeled in each of the gonadotrophs examined, and the proportion of granules labeled with laminin could not be increased by doubling the concentration of anti-laminin serum. Laminin immunocreactivity segregated with the subset of secretory granules containing β-FSH. In contrast, laminin immunoreactivity was absent in the smaller subset of secretory granules that contain serotonin. No secretory granules were labeled within the endocrine cells of the intermediate lobe, nor within secretory granules of neural elements in the posterior lobe.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092260409
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specialized intercellular junctions in the intercalated disc of the bat heart (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 599-615 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The intercalated discs of the myocardium from the active and hibernating bat hearts were investigated by means of electron microscopy and use of lanthanum and horseradish peroxidase as tracers. The discs are composed of four zones: intermediate junctions, desmosomes, nexuses, and undifferentiated areas. Of particular interest are the two different types of nexuses. Nexus I without lanthanum displays a 150 Å overall width and an apparent 80 Å intercellular space, ranges from 0.5 to 4.0 μ in length, and is seen in the longitudinal segments of the intercalated disc. With application of lanthanum, however, nexus I shows that the tracer has penetrated a 20 Å gap junction and resembles nexus II. Nexus II with and without lanthanum has a 200 Å overall width and a gap junction of about 20 Å, is generally less than 0.3 μ in length, and is found on the transverse or oblique segment of the intercalated disc. Both nexuses I and II seem to block the passage of peroxidase. The plasma membranes of nexus I may have a different molecular organization from those in nexus II as reflected by their contrasting response to fixation and/or staining. Combinations of the various junctions show that the zones of adhesions (intermediate junctions and desmosomes) are adjacent to the regions of possible lowered resistance (nexus I and II). These findings suggest that adhesion sites insure the proper connection and functioning of the nexuses and support the electrical observations that the heart forms a “physiological syncytium”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091780307
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colocalization of luteinizing hormone and serotonin in secretory granules of mammalian gonadotrophs (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 215 (1986), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Previous studies have demonstrated the uptake of exogenous and storage of endogenous 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in parenchymal cells of the anterior pituitary. The present experiments were undertaken to test the hypothesis that the endogenous 5-HT of the anterior lobe of the pituitary is costored with β-luteinizing hormone (β-LH) within the same secretory granules of gonadotrophs. Electron microscope immunocytochemistry was used to detect 5-HT and β-LH immunoreactivities in the anterior pituitary glands of mice and bats. Primary antisera generated in different species of animals to these two antigens were localized with appropriate species-specific secondary antisera coupled to colloidal gold particles of different sizes. This enabled 5-HT and β-LH immunoreactivities to be demonstrated simultaneously on ultrathin sections of fixed anterior lobe tissue mounted on electron microscope (EM) grids. In both bats and mice 5-HT immunoreactivity, identified by immunostaining of β-LH, was found in gonadotrophs, and in no other cell type. Within gonadotrophs about 25% of the secretory granules were labeled by antisera to both 5-HT and β-LH, although 100% of granules reacted with the antiserum to B-LH. No secretory granules were found that were immunostained only by the antiserum to 5-HT. It is concluded that endogenous 5-HT may be a normal constituent of mammalian gonadotrophs and that it is colocalized with β-LH in at least a subset of the secretory granules of these cells. It cannot yet be concluded that gonadotrophs synthesize 5-HT as well as taking it up from the ambient medium. The function of 5-HT in the pituitary remains unknown; however, the costorage of 5-HT and β-LH in the same secretory granules would seem to be a mechanism to ensure the simultaneous release of the two substances by exocytosis.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092150108
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