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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of crystallographic orientations in the diamond film on cubic boron nitride using Raman microprobe (1990)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 428-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have measured Raman spectra of a diamond film prepared on the (111) surface of cubic boron nitride(c-BN) by the dc plasma chemical vapor deposition method. The polarization property of the Raman line of diamond agrees well with that of LO phonon for the (111) surface of c-BN. The agreement between the polarization property of Raman lines of diamond and c-BN indicates a possibility of the heteroepitaxial growth of the diamond film on the (111) surface of c-BN. It is found that the diamond layers on c-BN are under tensile stress of 2.2×1011 dyn/cm2. The value of the corresponding tensile strain agrees well with the lattice mismatch calculated from the lattice constants of c-BN and diamond, supporting the possibility of the heteroepitaxial growth of the diamond film. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful technique not only to estimate the stress in the diamond film but also to determine the crystallographic orientation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103656
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epitaxial growth of diamond thin films on cubic boron nitride {111} surfaces by dc plasma chemical vapor deposition (1990)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 563-565 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Diamond thin films have been grown epitaxially on high-pressure synthesized cubic boron nitride (c-BN) particles by using dc plasma chemical vapor deposition. At the early growth stage of the film on c-BN{111} surfaces, the island structure is observed and the number density of islands is about 1011 cm−2. The growth and the coalescence of islands are also found by scanning electron microscopy observation. The continuous film is obtained at the thickness of about 2000 A(ring) and the surface of the film is rather smooth. The Raman peak of the epitaxial diamond film shows the shift toward the lower wave number due to the tensile stress involved in the film.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103647
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Equatorial disturbances, monsoons, and 1982–1983 ENSO (1990)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 44 (1990), S. 85-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary Interannual modes are described in terms of three-month running mean anomaly winds (u″,v″), outgoing longwave radiation (OLR″), and sea surface temperature (T * ″ ). Normal atmospheric monsoon circulations are defined by long-term average winds (u n,v n) computed every month from January to December. Daily winds are grouped into three frequency bands, i.e., 30–60 day filtered winds (u L,v L); 7–20 day filtered winds (u M,v M); and 2–6 day filtered winds (u S,v S). Three-month running mean anomaly kinetic energy (signified asK L ″ , K M ″ , andK S ″ , respectively) is then introduced as a measure of interannual variation of equatorial disturbance activity. Interestingly, all of theseK L ″ , K M ″ , andK S ″ perturbations propagate slowly eastward with same phase speed (0.3 ms−1) as ENSO modes. Associated with this eastward propagation is a positive (negative) correlation between interannual disturbance activity (K L ″ , K M ″ , K S ″ ) and interannualu″ (OLR″) modes. Namely, (K L ″ , K M ″ , K S ″ ) becomes more pronounced than usual nearly simultaneously with the arrival of westerlyu″ and negativeOLR″ (above normal convection) perturbutions. In these disturbed areas with (K L ″ , K M ″ , K S ″ 〉0), upper ocean mixing tends to increase, resulting in decreased sea surface temperature, i.e.T * ″ ≦0. Thus, groups (not individual) of equatorial disturbances appear to play an important role in determiningT * ″ variations on interannual time scales. HighestT * ″ occurs about 3 months prior to the lowestOLR″ (convection) due primarily to radiational effects. This favors the eastward propagation of ENSO modes. The interannualT * ″ variations are also controlled by the prevailing monsoonal zonal windsu n, as well as the zonal advection of sea surface temperature on interannual time scales. Over the central Pacific, all of the above mentioned physical processes contribute to the intensification of eastward propagating ENSO modes. Over the Indian Ocean, on the other hand, some of the physical processes become insignificant, or even compensated for by other processes. This results in less pronounced ENSO modes over the Indian Ocean.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01026812
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discovery of an X-ray burst from X2127+11 in the globular cluster M15 (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 347 (1990), S. 534-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We observed X2127 +11 in the globular cluster Ml5 with the large-area proportional counters5 (LAC) on the Ginga satellite6. The observations were carried out on 20-25 October 1988, and the net observation time (excluding the Earth occultation of the source and high-background portions such as ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/347534a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A follow-up study by CT and MRI in 3 cases of Japanese encephalitis (1990)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 32 (1990), S. 215-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Japanese encephalitis ; Sequelae ; X-ray computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A follow-up study by CT and MRI in 3 cases of Japanese encephalitis (JE) was performed. Neurologically dementia, forced laughing, tetraplegia and parkinsonism were observed as sequelae. In the CT and MR scans about 3 years after the onset of JE, low-density areas (LDAs) or abnormal signal intensities had remained in the thalamus and basal ganglia. The abnormalities were also found in the brain stem. When the main lesions shown by CT and MRI were compared with those of the acute stage, T2-weighted MRI clearly revealed multiple small areas with high signal intensities, although those in the acute stage had shown diffuse abnormal signals. These findings may be useful in helping to identify JE a long time after the onset.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00589115
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Left ventricular wall stress distribution in chronic pressure and volume overload: effect of normal and depressed contractility on regional stress-velocity relations (1990)
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 85 (1990), S. 367-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: left ventricular regionalwall stress ; stress-velocity relationship ; left ventricularhypertrophy ; depressedmyocardial contractility ; preload dependency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Regional stress-velocity relations were determined in a first group of patients (n=15) with normal (five controls, five patients with aortic stenosis, and five patients with aortic insufficiency) and a second group of patients (n=10) with depressed contractility (five patients with aortic stenosis and five with aortic insufficiency). LV circumferential wall stress was calculated from high-fidelity pressure and frame-by-frame angiocardiographic data using the Wong thick-wall model. Regional wall stress and shortening velocity were calculated from the endo-to the epicardium, and from the equator to the apex at 35 points. Regional LV wall stress was in all patients lower at the epi- than the endocardium, and lower at the apex than the equator. Regional stress-velocity relations were downward shifted from the endo- to the epicardium and from the equator to the apex (family of curves) in both groups. At corresponding LV regions stress-velocity relations showed significantly smaller slopes and intercepts (downward depression) in group 2 than in group 1. Thus, wall stress distribution is inhomogeneous in the normal, as well as in the pressure and volume overloaded left ventricle. Regional differences in stress-velocity relations within groups (family of curves) are probably related to changes in preload rather than to changes in regional contractility. Downward depression of the regional stress-velocity relations in group 2 is caused by depressed myocardial contractility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01907129
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural 15N abundance in shrub and tree legumes, Casuarina, and non N2 fixing plants in Thailand (1990)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 128 (1990), S. 287-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Aeschynomene spp. ; Casuarina spp. ; Mimosa spp. ; N2 fixation ; δ 15N ; Sesbania spp. ; tree legumes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The leaves and nodules from the shrub and tree legumes, particularly, Aeschynomene spp., Sesbania spp., Mimosa spp. and Leucaena spp., and Casuarina spp. and the leaves from neighbouring non-fixing plants were analyzed for their natural abundances of 15N (δ 15N). The δ 15N in the leaves of non-fixing plants was +5.9% on average, whereas those from shrub legumes and Casuarina spp. were lower and close to the values of atmospheric N2, suggesting the large contribution of N2 fixation as the N source in these plants. The δ 15N values of the leaves from tree legumes except for Leucaena spp. were between the shrub legumes and non-fixing plants, which suggests that the fractional contribution of fixed N2 in tree legumes may be smaller than that in the shrub legumes. Casuarina spp. was highly dependent on N2 fixation. The δ 15N values of the nodules from most of the shrub legumes investigated were higher than those of the leaves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011121
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