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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracellular analysis with an immobilized-enzyme glucose electrode having a 2-.mu.m diameter and subsecond response times (1991)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 113 (1991), S. 7421-7423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00019a049
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histamine-induced differentiation of eosinophilic subclone of HL-60 cells (1995)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 44 (1995), S. S76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01674404
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TNF-α participates in an IgE-mediated cutaneous reaction in mast cell deficient, WBB6F1-W/Wv mice (1996)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 45 (1996), S. 136-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Allergic cutaneous reaction ; IgE ; TNF-α ; Glucocorticoid ; WBB6F1-W/Wv mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The participation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in a IgE-mediated cutaneous reaction in WBB6F1-W/Wv (W/Wv), mast cell deficient, mice and the effect of prednisolone on this cutaneous reaction were investigated. Mice were passively sensitized by an intravenous injection of monoclonal anti-dinitrophenol (DNP) IgE, and their ears challenged epicutaneously with dinitrofluorobenzene 24 h later. The cutaneous reaction estimated by ear thickness reached a peak 48–72h after the antigen challenge. A monoclonal anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antibody inhibited the IgE-mediated cutaneous reaction. An increase of TNF-α mRNA was demonstrated 4h after the application of antigen by the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The injection of recombinant murine TNF-α induced a cutaneous reaction which peaked at 24 h in nonsensitized mice. Prednisolone at doses of 3 to 10 mg/kg clearly inhibited the IgE-mediated cutaneous reaction, however, it did not affect the expression of TNF-α-mRNA. Prednisolone at doses of 1 to 10 mg/kg clearly inhibited the TNF-α-induced cutaneous reaction. These results suggest that TNF-α plays a role in the IgE-mediated cutaneous reaction in W/Wv mice and that prednisolone inhibits the cutaneous reaction at least in part by inhibiting the action of TNF-α.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265167
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the measured and modelled electron densities and temperatures in the ionosphere and plasmasphere during 20/30 January, 1993 (2000)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 18 (2000), S. 1257-1272 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Ionosphere (ionospheric disturbances; ionosphere-magnetosphere interactions; plasma temperature and density)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present a comparison of the electron density and temperature behaviour in the ionosphere and plasmasphere measured by the Millstone Hill incoherent-scatter radar and the instruments on board of the EXOS-D satellite with numerical model calculations from a time-dependent mathematical model of the Earth’s ionosphere and plasmasphere during the geomagnetically quiet and storm period on 20/30 January, 1993. We have evaluated the value of the additional heating rate that should be added to the normal photoelectron heating in the electron energy equation in the daytime plasmasphere region above 5000 km along the magnetic field line to explain the high electron temperature measured by the instruments on board of the EXOS-D satellite within the Millstone Hill magnetic field flux tube in the Northern Hemisphere. The additional heating brings the measured and modelled electron temperatures into agreement in the plasmasphere and into very large disagreement in the ionosphere if the classical electron heat flux along magnetic field line is used in the model. A new approach, based on a new effective electron thermal conductivity coefficient along the magnetic field line, is presented to model the electron temperature in the ionosphere and plasmasphere. This new approach leads to a heat flux which is less than that given by the classical Spitzer-Harm theory. The evaluated additional heating of electrons in the plasmasphere and the decrease of the thermal conductivity in the topside ionosphere and the greater part of the plasmasphere found for the first time here allow the model to accurately reproduce the electron temperatures observed by the instruments on board the EXOS-D satellite in the plasmasphere and the Millstone Hill incoherent-scatter radar in the ionosphere. The effects of the daytime additional plasmaspheric heating of electrons on the electron temperature and density are small at the F-region altitudes if the modified electron heat flux is used. The deviations from the Boltzmann distribution for the first five vibrational levels of N2(v) and O2(v) were calculated. The present study suggests that these deviations are not significant at the first vibrational levels of N2 and O2 and the second level of O2, and the calculated distributions of N2(v) and O2(v) are highly non-Boltzmann at vibrational levels v 〉 2. The resulting effect of N2(v 〉 0) and O2(v 〉 0) on NmF2 is the decrease of the calculated daytime NmF2 up to a factor of 1.5. The modelled electron temperature is very sensitive to the electron density, and this decrease in electron density results in the increase of the calculated daytime electron temperature up to about 580 K at the F2 peak altitude giving closer agreement between the measured and modelled electron temperatures. Both the daytime and night-time densities are not reproduced by the model without N2(v 〉 0) and O2(v 〉 0), and inclusion of vibrationally excited N2 and O2 brings the model and data into better agreement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-000-1257-6
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kongenitale nichtsphärozytäre hämolytische Anämien durch Mangel an Glucose-6-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase der Erythrozyten in einer japanischen Familie (1968)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 17 (1968), S. 143-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The case has been presented of a Japanese aged 22 who was suffering from hereditary non-spherocytic haemolytic anaemia. This was a constant type of anaemia associated with reticulocytosis, jaundice, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency of the erythrocytes. Although it was not possible, owing to the absence of enzymic activity, to estimate isoenzyme in the patient's erythrocytes, the isoenzyme was assigned, in the patient's mother and in other members of his family, as well as in controls, to the B type. Cytochemical investigations revealed the presence of a cellular mosaic in the patient's mother who was heterozygous, but in the patient, as well, who himself was hemizygous.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird über einen 22jährigen Japaner mit einer hereditären, nichtsphärozytären hämolytischen Anämie berichtet. Es bestand eine konstante Anämie mit Retikulozytose, Ikterus und Mangel an Glucose-6-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase in den Erythrozyten. Obwohl der Nachweis von Isoenzym an den Erythrozyten des Patienten wegen fehlender Fermentaktivität nicht gelang, konnte es bei der Mutter, bei den übrigen Familienangehörigen und bei Kontrollfällen dem Typ B zugeordnet werden. Cytochemische Untersuchungen ergaben das Vorliegen eines Zellmosaiks in der heterozygoten Mutter des Patienten, jedoch auch im hemizygoten Patienten selber.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01885444
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retinal amacrine cell involvement in Tay-Sachs disease (1981)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 53 (1981), S. 333-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Amacrine cell ; Tay-Sachs disease ; Ultrastructure ; Biochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ultrastructural study of the retina from a patient with Tay-Sachs disease disclosed that amacrine cells as well as ganglion cells were loaded with numerous membranous cytoplasmic bodies, suggesting an accumulation of GM2 ganglioside, whereas the horizontal cells, bipolar cells, and photoreceptor cells were intact. Chromatography of lipids from the retina showed a prominent spot of GM2 ganglioside. These facts suggest that lipid metabolism in amacrine cells may be different from that in other retinal cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690376
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spinal ganglia and peripheral nerves from a patient with Tay-Sachs disease (1985)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 66 (1985), S. 239-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Tay-Sachs disease ; Spinal ganglia ; Peripheral nerves ; Gangliosides ; Membranous inclusion bodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined the spinal ganglia and peripheral nerves from a patient with Tay-Sachs disease, comparing the other nervous tissues morphologically and lipid-biochemically. The spinal ganglia and peripheral nerves showed numerous membranous cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (MCBs), which are characteristic of GM2-ganglioside storage in the neuronal cell bodies of the patient brains. In spinal ganglia, all neurons and satellite cells around the neurons contained membrane-bound lipid materials. In peripheral nerves, Schwann cells and myelinated axons except for enlarged axons were devoid of MCBs. Major ganglioside stored in both spinal ganglia and peripheral nerve was also GM2-ganglioside. The contents of ganglioside in the spinal ganglia and peripheral nerves were 50 and 10 times more than those from normal tissues, respectively. The spinal cord contained a slightly higher amount of gangliosides than the normal control. The cerebral white matter fotally demyelinated in this patient accumulated a much higher amount of gangliosides than the cerebral gray matter. The retinal tissue showed GM2-ganglioside as the major one also.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688589
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms to initiate a Heterosigma akashiwo red tide in Osaka bay (1984)
    Springer
    Marine biology 83 (1984), S. 255-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ecological role of diel vertical migration of Heterosigma akashiwo Hada to initiate red tide was investigated in Tanigawa Fishing Port and Sano Harbor, Osaka Bay, Japan during red tide seasons in 1979 and 1980. This species migrated toward the surface early in the morning at a velocity of 1.0 to 1.3 m h-1. Downward migration was found in the afternoon, and more than 2.0×103 cells ml-1 aggregated in the bottom layer at night. The upward migration started before sunrise and downward shifting occurred prior to sunset. The movement is presumably associated with circadian rhythm, which is known as one of the biological periodicities. H. akashiwo crossed steep temperature and salinity gradients (6.5°C and 5.7‰ S) during the diel vertical migration. High values of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen concentrations were obtained in dialysis bags suspended in situ at identical layers with high cell concentration, while the values for surface and bottom bags were comparatively low. The results reveal that H. akashiwo migrates toward the sea surface to carry out photosynthesis effectively, and to the bottom to utilize nutrients efficiently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397457
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of carbonic anhydrase in the supply of inorganic carbon to the giant clam—zooxanthellate symbiosis (1993)
    Springer
    Marine biology 115 (1993), S. 605-611 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The mechanism whereby inorganic carbon (Ci) is acquired by the symbiotic association between the giant clam (Tridacna derasa) and zooxanthellae (Symbiodinium sp.) has been investigated. Ci in the haemolymph of the clam is in equilibrium with the surrounding sea water. The photosynthesis rate exhibited by the intact clam varies as a function of the Ci concentration in the clam haemolymph. The gill tissue contains high carbonic anhydrase activity which may be important in adjusting the Ci equilibrium between haemolymph and sea water. Zooxanthellae (Symbiodinium sp.) isolated from the clam mantle prefer CO2 to HCO 3 - as a source of inorganic carbon. The zooxanthellae have low levels of carbonic anhydrase on the external surface of the cell; however, mantle extracts display high carbonic anhydrase activity. Carbonic anhydrase is absent from the mantle of aposymbiotic clams (T. gigas), indicating that this enzyme may be essential to the symbiosis. The enzyme is probably associated with the zooxanthellae tubes in the mantle. The results indicate that carbonic anhydrase plays an important role in the supply of carbon dioxide within the clam symbiosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349368
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X chromosome inactivation analysis to distinguish sporadic cases of X-linked agammaglobulinaemia from common variable immunodeficiency (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 900-904 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: X-linked agammaglobulinaemia ; Carrier detection ; Common variable immunodeficiency ; X chromosome inactivation analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The X chromosome inactivation analysis of eight female relatives was performed to elucidate the X chromosome gene defect of six male hypogammaglobulinaemic individuals. The patients had diminished numbers of circulating B-cells and no relevant family history. The methylation status of three X-linked genes, phosphoglycerate kinase, hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase and DXS255, was determined on DNA from Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-cell lines established from the female relatives. The methylation pattern of at least one gene was informative in all eight females examined. While both alleles were equally methylated in four of eight females, the remaining four female relatives of three hypogammaglobulinaemia patients exhibited a non-random methylation pattern in their B-cells, suggesting that these three patients represented sporadic cases of X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA). The clinical or immunological status of these three patients did not differ from the remaining two who had early onset hypogammaglobulinaemia and who were tentatively diagnosed as having common variable immunodeficiency. The sixth patient had recurrent infections after undergoing surgical removal of a brain tumour at 22 years of age, although his immunological features did not distinguish him from the other patients. X chromosome inactivation analysis can be useful in differentiating XLA from hypogammaglobulinaemia in male patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01957526
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