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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of the induction of Salmonella enterotoxin gene expression by contact with epithelial cells with RT-PCR (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 146 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: All strains of Salmonella enterica investigated were found to carry the Salmonella enterotoxin gene (stn) as determined by PCR and hybridization studies. However, when using CHO-K1 cells for testing the toxicity of the strains, not all strains showed a toxic effect (cell elongation) on the cells or did so only at a low level. The cultivation of Salmonella in contact with epithelial cells (IEC-6) led to an increase in the production of toxin. The stn gene expression was detectable with the help of the RT-PCR after 3 h of incubation. The RNA of the strains was isolated, transcribed into cDNA (with MMLV-reverse transcriptase) and amplified using PCR. The PCR products were separated electrophoretically using a polyacrylamide gel and detected by silver staining.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10189.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen zur Verbesserung des Designs eines alloplastischen epithelisierten Tracheaersatzes (1997)
    Springer
    HNO 45 (1997), S. 453-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Alloplastischer Tracheaersatz ; Polytetrafluorethylen ; Polyethylen ; Zellseeding ; Key words Alloplastic tracheal replacement ; Polytetrafluorethylene ; Polyethylene ; Cell seeding technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Replacement of the tracheal conduit remains an unresolved problem. The microporous material expanded polytetrafluorethylene (ePTFE) is suitable for tracheal reconstruction. The aim of our study was to improve the limited mechanical properties of this material by incorporating reinforcement elements and to examine the influence of these elements on host incorporation and epithelialization. In so dours ePTFE prostheses were reinforced with Ionomer cement and porous high density polyethylene (pHDPE) rings and implanted into the neck muscle of miniature pigs. One of these prostheses was epithelialized by a cell seeding technique and was thus placed into a tracheal defect. Results were examined grossly by endoscopy and than by light and scanning electron microscopy. The shapes of both types of prostheses showed a high stability. The reinforcement elements did not impair bioincorporation or the ability to epithelialize. In vivo interposition of an incorporated and epithelialized prosthesis to a host led to cell differentiation. The improved biomechanical properties of the prostheses waid and the reproducible formation of epitheliums are important advances in the solution of effectively correcting tracheal defects.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Problem der Herstellung eines funktionierenden alloplastischen Tracheaersatzes ist bisher nicht gelöst. Mikroporöse Biomaterialien aus ePTFE (expanded Polytetrafluorethylen) sind für die Wandstruktur einer Tracheaprothese geeignet. Ziel unserer Untersuchungen war, die ungenügende Kompressionsstabilität dieses Materials durch zusätzliche Verstärkungselemente zu verbessern und den Einfluß dieser Elemente auf Inkorporation und Epithelisierung zu untersuchen. Hierfür wurden ePTFE-Prothesen mit Spangen aus Glasionomerzement und porösem „High-density-Polyethylen” (pHDPE) verstärkt und in den Halswendermuskel von Minischweinen implantiert. In einem Pilotversuch wurde eine solche Prothese mit der Technik des Zellseedings epithelisiert und in einen Tracheadefekt interponiert. Die Ergebnisse werden durch licht-, rasterelektronenmikroskopische und endoskopische Befunde demonstriert. Bei beiden Prothesenformen konnte eine verbesserte Kompressionsstabilität erzielt werden. Inkorporation und Epithelisierung werden durch die Verstärkungselemente nicht beeinträchtigt. Die Interposition einer bereits im Muskel inkorporierten und epithelisierten Prothese in das physiologische Milieu führt zu einer Epitheldifferenzierung. Die Verbesserung der biomechanischen Eigenschaften und die reproduzierbare Epithelisierung der Prothese sind wichtige Teilschritte auf dem Weg zur Lösung des Gesamtproblems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001060050123
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse on peripheral blood lymphocytes in lupus erythematosus patients (1997)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 17 (1997), S. 55-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Key words Lupus erythematosus ; Cyclophosphamide ; Lymphocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the present study we investigated the long-term effect of intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide (CY) on lymphocyte surface antigens in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Blood samples derived from 17 lupus erythematosus patients were analysed using two- and three-colour flow cytometry. During the CY therapy, the total number of T lymphocytes (CD3+) was reduced by 31.4%, B lymphocytes (CD19+) by 67.4% and NK cells (CD16+) by 27.4%. Six months after the end of the CY regimen, these values recovered to entry levels. At the onset of the study we observed increased percentages of CD3+ CD25+, CD3+ CD4– CD8–, CD4+ CD29+, CD19+ and CD19+ CD5+ cells. The CY treatment regimen decreased the CD3+ CD25+, CD3+ CD4– CD8–, CD19+ and CD19+ CD5+ cells, but increased the CD3+ CD8+ subpopulation. Taken together, a deficiency of CD8+ T cells associated with CD4+ CD29+ predominance may imply an immune regulatory imbalance leading to abnormal CD4+ cell activation and in consequence to autoimmunity. Depletion of CD19+ cells combined with an enlargement of CD8 cells as a result of CY therapy may reduce the enhanced immune response in SLE patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00006852
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tissue oxygen measurement and31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with muscle tension and fibromyalgia (1997)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 16 (1997), S. 175-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Fibromyalgia ; Back pain ; Muscle tension ; Tissue oxygen tension ; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Muscle tissue oxygen tension was measured by a polarographic oxygen fine-needle probe, and inorganic phosphate and creatine phosphate spectra were recorded using magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with chronic low back pain and in patients with fibromyalgia. Results were compared with healthy controls. The tissue oxygen tension was markedly higher in those with tense muscles than in normal subjects. Magnetic resonance spectra for inorganic phosphate were higher in patients demonstrating muscle contraction, and intracellular pH was shifted in the alkaline direction in cases with increased muscle tension. Results show that hypoxia is not the result of increased muscle tension, as was thought previously, but results from oversupply of oxygen demanded by the muscle, leading to increased capillary perfusion and rising oxygen tension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01330292
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cloning and primary structure of a Rhesus (Rh)-like protein from the marine sponge Geodia cydonium (1997)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 46 (1997), S. 493-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In humans, the 30 000 M r Rhesus (Rh) polypeptide D (RhD) is a dominant antigen (Ag) of the Rh blood group system. To date, an Rh-like protein has been found in chimpanzees, gorillas, gibbons, and rhesus monkeys. Related to the 30 000 M r Rh Ag protein are two polypeptides of 50 000 M r , the human 50 000 M r Rh Ag and the RhD-like protein from Caenorhabditis elegans. The function of all these proteins is not sufficiently known. Here we characterize a cDNA clone (GCRH) encoding a putative 57 000 M r polypeptide from the marine sponge Geodia cydonium, which shares sequence similarity both to the RhD Ag and the Rh50 glycoprotein. The sponge Rh-like protein comprises 523 aa residues; hydropathy analysis hints at the presence of ten transmembrane domains. An N-terminal hydrophobic cleavage signal sequence is missing, suggesting that the first membrane-spanning domain of the sponge Rh-like protein acts as a signal-anchor sequence. The sponge Rh-like protein, like the human Rh50, lacks the CLP motif which is characteristic of the 30 000 M r RhD. In addition, the hydropathy profile of the sponge Rh-like protein is of a similar size and shape as that of human Rh50. This data indicates that the RhD and its structurally related Rh50 glycoprotein, which are highly immunogenic in humans, share a common ancestral molecule with the G. cydonium Rh-like protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050310
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Learning abilities depend on NMDA-receptor density in hippocampus in adult rats (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 104 (1997), S. 281-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Learning ; memory ; NMDA-receptor density ; cerebral cortex ; hippocampus ; rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hippocampal NMDA-receptor is predominantly involved to establish long-term potentation (LTP) which is assumed to underlie fundamental molecular mechanisms of learning and memory. In the present study, NMDA-receptor density was investigated in parietotempral cerebral cortex and in hippocampus of commonly bred naive adult male Wistar rats which had performed well or poorly in the passive avoidance paradigm. NMDA-receptor binding was determined in saturation experiments using (3H) MK-801 as a ligand and data for K d and Bmax were calculated from Scatchard plots. In general, higher NMDA receptor density was found in the hippocampus as compared to parietotemporal cerebral cortex. This regional difference became particularly obvious in good performers but was abolished in poor performers. In the hippocampus, a significantly higher NMDA-receptor density could be found in rats which had performed well in the passive avoidance task as compared to poor performers. In contrast, no such differences could be found in parietotemporal cerebral cortex. The data may indicate that the reduction in hippocampal NMDA-receptor density is of functional importance, for cognitive abilities in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01273188
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buchbesprechungen (1997)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Mathematik 124 (1997), S. 369-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5081
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01319046
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Probleme der Wachstumshormonbehandlung bei kleinwüchsigen Kindern mit normaler Wachstumshormonsekretion (1997)
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 145 (1997), S. 1194-1196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Wachstumshormonmangel ; Wachstumshormontherapie ; Kleinwuchs ; Key words Growth hormone deficiency ; Growth hormone therapy ; Growth disorders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Since 1985, some studies have tested the efficiency of treatment with recombinant DNA-derived growth hormone (GH) in children without laboratory evidence of classic growth hormone deficiency. Until now, it remained uncertain whether or not GH-therapy can improve the final adult height in non-GH deficient children. Besides, some major concerns must be critically discussed in order to evaluate the indication of GH-therapy in these children with short stature for various reasons. These concerns include psychological and sociomedical aspects of unrestricted growth promoting therapy.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In mehreren klinischen Studien und Behandlungsversuchen wurde und wird biosynthetisches Wachstumshormon (GH) auch bei Kindern eingesetzt, bei denen gemäß den aktuellen Definitionen (z.B. der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Pädiatrische Endokrinologie) kein Wachstumshormonmangel vorliegt. Bislang ist nicht gesichert, daß die Endgröße solcher Patienten nach Abschluß des Wachstums durch die aufwendige GH-Therapie signifikant verbessert wird. Unabhängig davon sollen im folgenden Beitrag einige ernsthafte individualmedizinische (v.a. psychologische) und sozialmedizinische Probleme diskutiert werden, die zum restriktiven Umgang mit der Indikation einer Wachstumshormontherapie bei Kindern ohne GH-Mangel mahnen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001120050219
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic Variation in the VP7 Gene of Human Rotavirus Serotype 3 (G3 Type) Isolated in China and Japan (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 142 (1997), S. 1481-1489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Sequence analysis of the VP7 gene was performed on twenty-one human isolates of serotype 3 related-rotavirus in China and Japan. The five Chinese isolates were found to be not similar to the 16 Japanese isolates and to SA11 (simian rotavirus). The Chinese isolates, especially CHW2 and CH-32, were different from the major serotype 3 human isolates. AU-1 and 02/92 which previously showed a wider spacing between RNA segments 10 and 11 by RNA polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis, were more closely related to each other and could be differentiated from the other Chinese and Japanese isolates. For these reasons, serotype 3 viruses were considered to be intra-serotypically more heterologous than serotype 1, 2 and 4 viruses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050174
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tender points, depressive and functional symptoms: Comparison between fibromyalgia and major depression (1997)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 16 (1997), S. 76-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Fibromyalgia ; Depression ; Pain ; Tender Points
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The degree of symptomatic overlap between fibromyalgia and major depression should be estimated by assessing the amount of local tenderness and the frequency and severity of depressive and functional symptoms. Tender points were assessed by palpation and symptoms by psychometric scales in 30 patients with fibromyalgia and 26 patients with major depression. The patients with fibromyalgia had markedly more tender points (16.5) than the depressive patients (1.3). In contrast, depressive and functional symptoms were present in both groups of patients, and some depressive patients (26%) also suffered from clinical pain. An increased sensitivity to pressure pain clearly distinguishes fibromyalgia from depression even if there is an overlap of other symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02238767
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