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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for the role of the diabatic heating in synoptic scale processes: a case study example (1997)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 15 (1997), S. 487-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The quasigeostrophic theory is used to address the role of diabatic forcing in synoptic scale processes over Iberia. A parametrization of diabatic heating is obtained in terms of a thermodynamic variable called the ice-liquid water potential temperature which is conservative under all phase changes of water. A case study objectively selected by means of a rotated principal component analysis over the diabatic field is analyzed to test the proposed parametrization. This study highlights the fact that the magnitudes of diabatic forcing and dynamic forcing are very nearly the same throughout the troposphere. The results also show that the composite diabatic heating is a better representation for both cloudiness and precipitation fields than the dynamic forcing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-997-0487-2
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An overview of a heavy rain event in southeastern Iberia: the role of large-scale meteorological conditions (1997)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 15 (1997), S. 494-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The heavy rain event of 30 January to 4 February 1993 in the Segura Basin in SE Iberia is investigated. The study emphasizes the atmospheric processes that led to thunderstorm development. The meteorological scenario has been separated into preconvective and convective periods and into large-scale and subsynoptic settings. The warm, moist air now from the Mediterranean Sea, channelled by a high-over-low blocking pattern with a cold front over southeastern Iberia appears to be the main reason that helped trigger a severe weather occurrence. The study of the mesoscale environment parameters showed an enhanced conditional unstability through a deep troposphere layer with a moderate to strong vertical wind shear that promoted conditions to allow organization of long-lived convective structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-997-0494-3
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visceral leishmaniasis in haemophiliac patients with HIV: four case reports (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Haemophilia 3 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), an endemic parasitosis in Spain, is increasing as an important opportunistic infection in AIDS patients. We describe four cases of severe haemophilic patients with end-stage HIV disease who present with visceral leishmaniasis. We report the clinical course, methods of diagnosis and response to therapy. From the assessed clinical data it does not appear to be any difference with regard to VL either in other HIV risk groups or in immunocompetent groups. In contrast with previous reports, we have found that despite their immunodepressed state, positive serology for Leishmania was found in three of the four cases. A similar observation has been made in patients with VL who are immunodepressed because of other reasons. We also confirm previous reports of poor response and intolerance of antimony treatment, the deteriorating course of the disease in AIDS patients and that there is only a slight relationship between the disease and the cause of patient death. We agree with the proposition that this pathology ought to be included in the definition critera for AIDS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2516.1997.00068.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of voltage noise in forward-biased silicon bipolar homojunctions: Low- and high-injection regimes (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 3382-3384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An ensemble Monte Carlo (EMC) simulator has been used to study bipolar transport in silicon p+n and pn+ homojunctions under forward-bias conditions, both in low- and high-injection regimes. The study focuses on a microscopic analysis of voltage fluctuations in such devices. The method of voltage-noise operation mode provides spatial analysis of the spectral density of voltage fluctuations under constant-current conditions. In the low-frequency range, the presence of shot, thermal, and excess noise due to hot carriers was found when the bias conditions were modified. Also, the EMC method permits ready evaluation of the noise equivalent temperature in both structures from the observed voltage fluctuations. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120554
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoluminescence of Nd-doped LiNbO3 films prepared by pulsed laser deposition (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 2904-2906 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nd-doped LiNbO3 films have been prepared on (012) sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition. LiNbO3 phase is formed using Li rich targets, a 1.5×10−2 mbar oxygen pressure atmosphere, and heating the substrate to 520 °C. The crystallinity of 1-μm-thick films has been enhanced by postdeposition thermal treatments at 600 °C. The [Nd]/[Nb] concentration ratio in the film is equal to its value in the target; however, a limit for the Nd incorporation to the LiNbO3 phase has been found due to the preferential nucleation of Li deficient phases for [Nd]/[Nb]〉0.1. The Nd photoluminescence of the films have been studied at 77 K exciting the 4F3/2 multiplet. The photoluminescence of congruent LiNbO3 single crystals is well reproduced in films prepared from targets with a [Li]/[Nb]=1.6 composition. Films prepared from targets with a [Li]/[Nb]=3 composition, additionally show an emission, with a main maximum at 1064 nm, the splitting of the 4F3/2 multiplet being 80 cm−1. The possible origin of the latter photoluminescence is discussed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120211
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peyer's Patches in Murine AIDS: Dissociation Between Lymphoproliferation and Anergy (1997)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 45 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: RadLV-Rs infection induces a murine immunodeficiency syndrome associated with a dramatic enlargement of spleen and lymph nodes. Surprisingly, the lymphoproliferation excludes thymus and Peyer's patches (PP). To understand the cellular interactions underlying lymphoproliferation further, the authors investigated the fate of PP in RadLV-Rs infected mice. The atrophy of PP was mostly due to the depletion of B cells, while the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was increased. Nevertheless, B cell phenotype was modified with the emergence of lymphocytes with a low expression of B220 in infected PP. T cells characterized by a memory/activated phenotype in control PP did not undergo phenotypical changes after viral infection (i.e. regarding Thy-1 and CD44 expression). Despite the absence of lymphoproliferation, PP T and B cells displayed altered responses to mitogens in vitro. Finally, alterations of the expression of adhesion molecules and vascular addressins could not explain the atrophy of PP by a reduced homing to this lymphoid site. B cells and T cells from normal PP are clearly different from lymph nodes (LN) lymphocytes. The authors propose that the particular functional state which characterizes PP lymphocytes influences the B cell/T cell crosstalk necessary for RadLV-Rs-induced lymphoproliferation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-390.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergy to dental prosthesis (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb01064.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HYDRAULIC AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF DOWNSPOUT DWERSION (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 33 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : A downspout diversion program in an urban area is evaluated to assess the impacts on sanitary sewer flow volumes and cost effectiveness. Sanitary sewer flows and wastewater treatment cost data are compared for the five years before and 1.25 years after the downspout diversion was completed. In order to establish a cause and effect relationship between flow volumes and downspout diversion, measurements of precipitation, consumption patterns, and system loss (maintenance, fire flows, main ruptures) for the before and after time periods were obtained. The results indicate the downspout diversion contributed to a reduction of over 25 percent in the mean flow volumes within the sanitary sewer collection network during all rainfall events, with flow reductions ranging from 25 percent to 62 percent for rainfall depths between 6 mm (0.25 inches) and 25.4 mm (1.0 inches). Costs incurred for wastewater treatment were also reduced significantly, as overtime for overflow maintenance was eliminated. Downspout diversion is a viable nonstructural alternative for sthrmwater flow reduction in highly urbanized communities which may lack available space for large scale detention facilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1997.tb03527.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Follicle stimulating hormone is required for ovarian follicle maturation but not male fertility (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 15 (1997), S. 201-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Several strains of mice have been created which have reproductive defects secondary to disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis3,4. Although these mouse models are useful for studying reproductive function, many of these mice have multiple defects. For example, targeted disruption of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0297-201
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cervical spine trauma radiography: Sources of false-negative diagnoses (1997)
    Springer
    Emergency radiology 4 (1997), S. 218-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-1435
    Keywords: Diagnostic radiology ; Observer performance ; Spine injuries ; Spine, fractures ; Spine, radiography ; Trauma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We undertook this study to identify causes of false-negative cervical spine plain radiographic interpretations in a series of experimental readings. One hundred eighty-nine examinations (three views), including 97 patients with acute injuries and 92 normal controls from the same emergency room population, were presented to 14 radiologists. The false-negative rate was 17% (2646 readings). The most frequently missed injuries were laminar fractures, atlantoaxial subluxations, pillar fractures, and fractures of C1 and C2. Analysis of 38 cases with 47 fractures missed by two or more readers showed that 20 *43%) involved the C1–C2 area, and 14 (30%) involved the laminae, and articular pillars. Analysis revealed one or more possible contributing causes for the diagnostic error in 21 injuries: marked osteopenia (2), overlying structures (4), a combination of overexposure and overlying structures (2), and satisfaction of search (13). For 26 injuries (55%), no extrinsic cause was evident, and 23 of these (88%) involved the C1–C2 region or the laminar/articular pillar region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01508174
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