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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quasi-optical cw mm-wave electron spin resonance spectrometer (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 3924-3937 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe a novel cw millimeter-wave electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer designed to operate in the frequency range of 80–200 GHz and in the temperature range of 2.5–300 K, which may be easily scaled to higher frequencies. The spectrometer uses a bimodal reflection cavity coupled to a circular corrugated guide and uses Gaussian quasi-optics for most of the front-end signal processing. This technique has very low insertion loss and allows a number of sophisticated measurement techniques to be employed including induction operation, which significantly reduces the effect of microphonics and stray reflections. A number of examples are given illustrating the sensitivity of the instrument and the advantages of using ESR at high fields. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149200
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of an energy-compensated three-dimensional atom probe (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 49-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A wide acceptance angle first-order reflectron lens has been incorporated into a three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) to provide improved mass resolution. This new 3DAP instrument is capable of resolving isotopes in the mass spectrum, with resolutions better than m/Δm=500 full width at half maximum and 250 full width at 10% maximum. However, use of a reflectron for energy compensation within an imaging system means that improvements in mass resolution result in degradation of the spatial resolution. This article addresses the detailed design of the energy compensated 3DAP, and the minimization and compensation of chromatic aberrations in the imaging performance of the instrument. Some applications of the new instrument are included to illustrate its capabilities in the atomic-scale analysis of engineering alloys. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148477
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional atom probe field-ion microscopy observation of Cu/Co multilayer film structures (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 1125-1127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Focused ion-beam milling has been used to fabricate field-ion specimens from a multilayer film structure containing 100 repetitions of a (Cu2 nm/Co2 nm) bilayer deposited directly onto a planar substrate. The as-deposited films showed a magnetoresistance ratio of ∼5% over a 250 Oe range at room temperature, and a coercivity of ∼60 Oe. The magnetic data suggest that the films are coupled ferromagnetically. Successful field-ion specimen preparation has allowed the observation of these layers by field-ion imaging and three-dimensional atom probe compositional analysis. Examination of the multilayer images reveals that, in some regions, the layers are nonparallel, but the interfaces are chemically quite sharp, with a diffuse interface region of ∼3 atomic layers. In addition, in some areas adjacent cobalt layers appear to be in contact. The fact that the layers are wavy suggests that the ferromagnetic coupling may be a result of Néel "orange peel" type magnetostatic coupling between adjacent cobalt layers. The relatively high coercivity may be a result of the poor layer planarity leading to a high number of domain wall pinning sites. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122104
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethics and research in anaesthesia (1998)
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.0617h.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anti-U and haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 105 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The red cell alloantibody, anti-U, is uncommon but is a recognised cause of haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. We describe six pregnancies complicated by the presence of maternal anti-U, and review nine other well-documented cases. In these 15 cases severe haemolytic disease occurred only with titres of ≥ 1/512, and titres as high as 1/4000 were not necessarily associated with significant haemolysis. We recommend that an anti-U titre of ≥ 1/128 or more at ≥ 17 weeks of gestation is an indication for assessment of haemolysis in the fetus. Amniocentesis is the preferred initial investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10013.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitive and specific detection of Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli, causal agent of ratoon stunting disease of sugarcane, with a polymerase chain reaction-based assay (1998)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 47 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A sensitive, specific polymerase chain reaction-based assay was developed for the detection of the causal agent of ratoon stunting disease of sugarcane, Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli. This assay uses oligonucleotide primers derived from the internal transcribed spacer region between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes of the bacterial rRNA operon. The assay is specific for C. xyli subsp. xyli and does not produce an amplification product from the template of the closely related bacterium C. xyli subsp. cynodontis, nor from other bacterial species. The assay was successfully applied to the detection of C. xyli subsp. xyli in fibrovascular fluid extracted from sugarcane and was sensitive to approximately 22 cells per PCR assay. A multiplex PCR test was also developed which identified and differentiated C. xyli subsp. xyli and C. xyli subsp. cynodontis in a single PCR assay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.1998.00255.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Warning notices above beds (1998)
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.0477i.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of lead time bias on severity of illness scoring, mortality prediction and standardised mortality ratio in intensive care — a pilot study (1998)
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of lead time bias on severity of illness scoring, mortality prediction and standardised mortality ratios was examined in a pilot study of 76 intensive care (ICU) patients using APACHE II, APACHE III and SAPS II scoring systems. The inclusion of data collected in the period prior to ICU admission increased severity of illness scores and estimated risk of hospital mortality significantly for all three scoring systems (p 〈 0.01) by up to 14 points and 42.7% (APACHE II), 50 points and 26.3% (APACHE III) and 23 points and 33.4% (SAPS II), respectively. Standardised mortality ratios fell from 0.99 to 0.79 (APACHE II), 0.96 to 0.84 (APACHE III) and 0.75 to 0.64 (SAPS II), but these changes failed to reach statistical significance. Lead time bias had most effect in medical patients and on emergency admissions, and least effect in patients admitted from the operating theatre. These trends suggest that mortality ratios may not necessarily reflect intensive care unit performance and indicate that a larger study of the effect of lead time bias, case mix, pre-ICU care or post-ICU management on standardised mortality ratios is indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.00566.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Further characterization of the latency-associated transcription unit of Marek’s disease virus (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 143 (1998), S. 295-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Previous studies have identified a large (L) and a small (S) RNA transcript antisense to the MDV homologue of the ICP4 gene of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in cells infected with Marek’s disease virus (MDV) and in lymphoblastoid cell lines. In this study the 5′ and 3′ ends of the L RNA and of the sense ICP4 transcript of MDV were mapped by Northern hybridization and RNase protection assays. The results showed that L RNA is approximately 10.6 kb and that the ICP4 sense transcript is initiated in the region of genomic DNA where the L RNA terminates whereas L RNA is initiated where the ICP4 transcript terminates. L RNA was abundant in chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF) infected with virus strain HPRS16/attenuated whereas S RNA was predominant in CEF infected with oncogenic HPRS16 and in RPL-1 cell line. Results of cycloheximide experiments showed that the ICP4 gene of MDV was transcribed as an immediate-early gene in infected CEF whereas transcription of the L RNA required protein synthesis. Sequencing of cDNA and Northern hybridization using oligonucleotide probes showed that S RNA shared similar intron/exon boundaries as the cDNAs from several cell lines indicating that there might be a relationship between the S RNA and the antisense transcripts that generated the cDNAs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050287
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Use of SnB to Determine an Anomalous Scattering Substructure (1998)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 54 (1998), S. 799-804 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The positions of eight Se atoms in a selenomethionyl 35 kDa protein were determined at 2.0 and 2.5 Å resolution using the direct-methods program SnB. Data at the selenium peak, edge and remote wavelengths were measured and processed independently. Anomalous difference E magnitudes at each wavelength were derived by two different procedures: renormalized diffE values were calculated according to the equation diffE = {\sum[(f + f')^{2} + f''^{2}]\big||E_{+}| − |E_{-}|\big|}^{1/2}/2q(\sum f''^{2})^{1/2}, where q is a least-squares fitted renormalization function of sinθ/λ such that 〈diffE2〉 = 1.0; and difference E magnitudes were calculated from \Delta F^{2}. Locally normalized E magnitudes corresponding to |FA| were also derived from the combination of the data at all three wavelengths through the use of the MADSYS program suite. Each of the independent sets of anomalous difference E magnitudes was capable of producing the correct solution, as did the E data obtained from the FA data. Higher success rates with SnB were observed for the 2.0 Å peak and edge diffE data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444997018805
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