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  • Digitale Medien  (12)
  • 2005-2009  (12)
Datenquelle
Materialart
  • Digitale Medien  (12)
Erscheinungszeitraum
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Numerical Simulation of Anisotropic Shrinkage in a 2D Compact of Elongated Particles (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Microstructural evolution during simple solid-state sintering of two-dimensional compacts of elongated particles packed in different arrangements was simulated using a kinetic, Monte Carlo model. The model used simulates curvature-driven grain growth, pore migration by surface diffusion, vacancy formation, diffusion along grain boundaries, and annihilation. Only the shape of the particles was anisotropic; all other extensive thermodynamic and kinetic properties such as surface energies and diffusivities were isotropic. We verified our model by simulating sintering in the analytically tractable cases of simple-packed and close-packed, elongated particles and comparing the shrinkage rate anisotropies with those predicted analytically. Once our model was verified, we used it to simulate sintering in a powder compact of aligned, elongated particles of arbitrary size and shape to gain an understanding of differential shrinkage. Anisotropic shrinkage occurred in all compacts with aligned, elongated particles. However, the direction of higher shrinkage was in some cases along the direction of elongation and in other cases in the perpendicular direction, depending on the details of the powder compact. In compacts of simple-packed, mono-sized, elongated particles, shrinkage was higher in the direction of elongation. In compacts of close-packed, mono-sized, elongated particles and of elongated particles with a size and shape distribution, the shrinkage was lower in the direction of elongation. The results of these simulations are analyzed, and the implication of these results is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2004.00042.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comparison of esomeprazole and lansoprazole for control of intragastric pH in patients with symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background:  Intragastric acid suppression is the most direct measure of the pharmacodynamic efficacy of proton pump inhibitors, which are the most effective drugs for acid-related diseases.Aim:  To compare the effectiveness of once and twice daily dosing of lansoprazole and esomeprazole in controlling intragastric acidity (target gastric pH 〉 4.0) over a 24-hour period.Methods:  In an open-label, two-way crossover study, 45 Helicobacter pylori-negative patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease were randomized to receive one of two regimens: 30 mg lansoprazole or esomeprazole 40 mg once daily. Intragastric pH was assessed by 24-hour pH monitoring on day 5 of each regimen. Dosing was increased to twice daily and pH was reassessed on day 10. Following a 14-day washout, patients were crossed over to the other medication and the dosage regimens and pH assessments were repeated.Results:  Data were analysed from 35 patients who completed all scheduled assessments and had 24-hour monitoring for each end-point. Mean time pH 〉 4.0 and mean 24-hour pH were highest for esomeprazole 40 mg twice daily, followed by lansoprazole 30 mg twice daily, esomeprazole 40 mg once daily and lansoprazole 30 mg once daily. Esomeprazole 40 mg twice daily provided superior control of intragastric pH compared with either once or twice daily dosing of lansoprazole and once daily dosing of esomeprazole (P 〈 0.01). Esomeprazole 40 mg once daily was comparable with lansoprazole 30 mg twice daily and both were superior to lansoprazole 30 mg once daily (P 〈 0.01).Conclusions:  Response to acid suppression treatment depends on the treatment selected. Esomeprazole 40 mg twice daily provided better control of intragastric pH than all other regimens evaluated. Esomeprazole 40 mg daily, however, was comparable with lansoprazole 30 mg twice daily and superior to lansoprazole 30 mg once daily.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02534.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Morphological and physiological responses of the invasive weed Isatis tinctoria to contrasting light, soil-nitrogen and water (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Weed research 45 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: We evaluated the morphological and physiological responses to contrasting above- and below-ground resources for the invasive weed, Isatis tinctoria L. (dyer's woad). Plants were grown under low and high levels of light [shade (50% of ambient) and full sun], soil water (50 and 100 mL day−1), and soil nitrogen (N) (0 and 20 mg N kg−1 soil) in 8 L pots in 63 day glasshouse experiments conducted during winter and spring. Soil-N enrichment did not increase any of the growth variables (shoot and root dry mass, shoot:root ratio, leaf area, and specific leaf area) or physiological variables (stomatal conductance and 13C discrimination) in either experiment. The absence of plasticity in response to changes in soil-N supply suggests that I. tinctoria may survive and persist in nutrient-poor conditions by having low-N requirements, low-N productivity, or both. In contrast, plants compensated for shaded conditions by altering leaf area, specific leaf area, and shoot:root ratio to improve light capture. We discuss the potential mechanisms whereby response to these variable resources may be associated with a series of adaptations that favour the ability to tolerate and colonize harsh, nutrient-poor conditions, as well as invade shaded and undisturbed sites.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.2005.00480.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MEALINESS DETECTION IN APPLES USING TIME RESOLVED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY (2005)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of texture studies 36 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4603
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Mealiness is a textural attribute related to internal fruit disorder that is characterized by the combination of abnormal softness of the fruit and absence of free juiciness in the mouth when eaten by the consumer. Time-resolved laser reflectance spectroscopy was used as a tool to determine mealiness. This new technique in agrofood research may provide physical and chemical information independently and simultaneously, which is relevant to characterize mealiness. Using visible and near infrared lasers as light sources, time-resolved laser reflectance spectroscopy was applied to Golden Delicious and Cox apples (n = 90), to characterize batches of untreated samples and samples that were stored under conditions that promote the development of mealiness (20C & 95% RH). The collected database was clustered into different groups according to their instrumental test values. The optical coefficients were used as explanatory variables to build discriminant functions for mealiness. The performance of the classification models created ranged from 47 to 100% of correctly identified mealy versus nonmealy apples.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4603.2005.00026.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome are not related in sleep disorders center patients (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background : Studies suggest obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) frequently manifests in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and that there may be a causal relationship.Aim : To determine the relationship between OSAS and symptoms of GERD.Methods : Consecutive patients referred to the Sleep Disorders Center (SDC) 18 years and older with polysomnographically defined OSAS were evaluated prospectively for GERD using a validated symptoms questionnaire. The GERD and OSAS relationship was assessed by 1) determining frequency of GERD in patients with and without OSAS; 2) ascertaining the relationship between OSAS severity categories and presence of GERD; 3) examining GERD score in relation to those factors that might affect both GERD and OSAS, e.g. obesity.Results : One thousand and twenty-three SDC patients met entry citeria. Amongst participants, GERD was common (29% of women and 17% of males) and OSAS extremely common (58% of women and 80% of males). GERD score did not correlate with OSAS variables. The severity of OSAS did not influence the prevalence of GERD.Conclusion : In a large group of patients referred to a sleep disorders center, there was no relationship between OSAS and GERD symptoms. Also, there was no relationship between the severity of OSAS and the likelihood of GERD symptoms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02447.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development of a Novel Biological System for Removing Manganese from Contaminated Waters (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 20-21 (July 2007), p. 267-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Quelle: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Soluble manganese (Mn(II)) can cause nuisance and occasionally toxicity problems,both in surface and ground waters and in domestic water supplies. Many mine drainage waterscontain highly elevated concentrations (often 〉100 mg l-1). Current systems for remediating minewaters, although effective for other metals, are often inefficient at removing manganese. This paperdescribes the development of self-sustaining, low-cost bioreactors that can be used in situ forpassive removal of manganese from mine waters and other contaminated water courses of pH 〉4.A prototype bioreactor, set-up using Mn(IV)-coated pebbles from a fresh-water stream, was testedover one year and shown to be effective in removing Mn(II) from 10 to 〈0.25 mg l-1. Two speciesof fungi and one bacterial species were isolated from this system as Mn(II)-oxidizers. The fungiwere identified as belonging to the order Pleosporales (Ascomycetes), and one was related (98 %18S rRNA gene sequence identity) to a known Mn(II)-oxidising fungus. The bacterial isolate wasclosely related to the α-proteobacterium, Bosea thiooxidans. T-RFLP analysis showed that one orboth of the fungal isolates were the dominant eukaryotes in the bioreactor community
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/39/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAMR.20-21.267.pdf
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization of New Iron Oxidizing Bacteria from an Acid Mine Water Treatment Plant (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 20-21 (July 2007), p. 582-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Quelle: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: In the Lusatia area a pilot plant for the treatment of acidic mine waters by microbial ironoxidation and a concomitant iron hydroxysulfate precipitation is operated.Molecular based studies of acidic waters from this iron hydroxysulfate producing pilot plantrevealed the presence of 16S rRNA gene sequences from undescribed iron-oxidizing bacteria. Mostof these were related to autotrophic Betaproteobacteria (see Heinzel et al. IBS 2007, poster number98).For cultivating different iron-oxidizing bacteria water samples from this pilot plant were directlyplated on various solid media. Double-layer plates were used, with a heterotrophic Acidiphiliumstrainin the underlayer, because of the high sensitivity of autotrophic bacteria towards organicsubstances. The media contained different iron-substrates with and without organic carbon sources.Colonies appeared at the latest after three weeks and they were encrusted with ferric iron. Thephylogeny of the isolated strains was determined and the physiological requirements, liketemperature, pH optima, preferred carbon source and iron concentrations, were analyzed. Manyisolates which were related to Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strains could be cultivated, as well asan isolate related to the genus Thiomonas and one isolate related to a Ferribacter polymyxa species.The Thiomonas-like isolate showed best growth in media containing tryptone soya broth, sodiumthiosulfate and ferrous sulfate at pH 2.5 and 30°C. The other Betaproteobacterium grew on ferroussulfate medium at pH 2.5 between 16 and 37°C. In liquid culture experiments the cells of bothisolates were attached to the iron minerals built in the medium. These physiological characteristicsof the isolates helped to vary parameters in the pilot plant to optimize the process of iron oxidationand improved waste water remediation
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/39/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAMR.20-21.582.pdf
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Bioshale Project: Search for a Sustainable Way of Exploiting Black Shale Ores Using Biotechnology (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 20-21 (July 2007), p. 42-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Quelle: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The Bioshale project, involving 13 partners throughout Europe, is co-funded by theEuropean Commission under the FP6 program. The main objective of this project (which started inOctober 2004) is to identify and develop innovative biotechnological processes for ‘’eco-efficient’’exploitation of metal-rich, black shale ores. Three extensive deposits have been selected for R&Dactions. These are: (i) a site (in Talvivaara, Finland) that, at the outset of the project, had not beenexploited; (ii) a deposit (in Lubin, Poland) that is currently being actively mined, and (iii) a thirdsite (in Mansfeld, Germany) where the ore had been actively mined in the past, but which is nolonger exploited. The black shale ores contain base (e.g. copper and nickel), precious (principallysilver) and PGM metals, but also high contents of organic matter that potentially handicap metalrecovery by conventional techniques.The main technical aspects of the work plan can be summarized as: (i) evaluation of the geologicalresources and selection of metal-bearing components; (ii) selection of biological consortia to betested; (iii) assessment of bioprocessing routes, including hydrometallurgical processing; (iv)techno-economic evaluation of new processes from mining to metal recovery including social, and(v) assessing the environmental impacts of biotechnological compared to conventional processingof the ores. An overview of the main results obtained to date are presented, with special emphasison the development of bioleaching technologies for metal recovery that can be applied to multielementconcentrates and black shale ores
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/39/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAMR.20-21.42.pdf
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Microbial Populations in a 110 Ton-Scale Column for the Recovery of Metals from Black Schist Ores (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 20-21 (July 2007), p. 170-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Quelle: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Black schist ores in Finland are often enriched with sulfide minerals, containing a varietyof base metals such as nickel, copper, zinc and cobalt. As these ores are low grade with respect tothe metals contained and the sulfide minerals cannot be effectively concentrated from the schists,they are currently being studied with regard to their suitability for bioleaching [1]. As part of thisinvestigation, a large-scale column measuring 3 x 3 x 9 m was built and filled with 110 tons of thecrushed black schist ore. A solution was circulated in the column for 95 weeks; this solution wasadjusted to 1.8 prior to entry in the column and averaged 2.7 when leaving the column. During thistime, approximately 22% of Mn, 10% of Ni and 5% of Zn were leached from the ore. Iron was alsoleached, but precipitated in the column. Any soluble iron in the effluent was mainly Fe (II). Duringthis same time period, total cell counts averaged 3.6 x 107 cells/ml of effluent. On three differentoccasions over nearly a one-year period, culturable cells were enumerated on a variety of solidmedia [2] and represented only about 1% of the total cell counts. Of the culturable cells, ironoxidizingacidophiles (namely Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) far outnumbered any otheracidophile by at least a factor of ten. Changes in populations were also monitored by molecularmeans (T-RFLP and SSCP) on five different occasions during the same year; again, populations inearly samples were dominated by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (at least two strains/sub-species).As the temperature of the column was increased from ~20 to 35°C by heating both the recirculatedliquor and the air used for column aeration, the relative abundance of At. ferrooxidans-like bacteriadecreased while the abundance of unidentified bacteria increased. Some of these bacteria have alsobeen detected in lab-scale column experiments using the same ore [3]. Total cell counts varied littleas the temperature increased, nor was there any change in the rate of metal leaching. It was apparentthat even though the leaching of metals from black schist ores was not greatly influenced byincreases of temperature in the column, active microbial populations were present and wereinfluenced by temperature
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/39/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAMR.20-21.170.pdf
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparison of Microbiological Populations of Mineral Heaps and Mine Wastes of Differing Ages in Active and Abandoned Copper Mines (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 20-21 (July 2007), p. 585-585 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Quelle: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/39/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAMR.20-21.585.pdf
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