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  • 2005-2009  (5)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 580-582 (June 2008), p. 409-412 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Liquid Penetration Induced (LPI) cracking during AZ91, AZ31 and AM60 friction stirspot welding is investigated. The temperature cycles, within the stir zone and in the TMAZ region,are examined. The mechanism and the key factors determining LPI cracking in Mg-alloy frictionstir spot welds are delineated
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: SiC fiber reinforced SiC matrix (SiC/SiC) composites are one of the most promisingmaterials for high temperature structural applications such as power generation and propulsionsystems. SiC/SiC composites are, however, susceptible to accelerated attacks in water vaporenvironments through oxidation and volatilization reaction. For protection from such attacks,Environmental Barrier Coatings (EBCs) are indispensable.We have investigated some oxides and rare-earth silicates as topcoat candidate materials forEBCs. Topcoat materials must be stable in the high-water-vapor pressurized environments at hightemperatures. Also, it is important that the thermal expansion coefficient of topcoat materials issimilar to that of the SiC/SiC composites.In this study, first, zirconium oxides, lutetium silicates and yttrium silicates were selected astopcoat candidate materials. They were exposed in a water-containing atmosphere at a temperature of1673 K for 100 h under a total pressure 0.96 MPa. Mass changes, structure of crystals andmicrostructures were investigated after the exposure experiments in order to evaluate the thermalstability of these materials. After their estimation, lutetium silicates were considered to be promisingfor topcoat materials.Then, lutetium silicates were coated as the topcoat of an EBC system on SiC/SiC composites, andtheir fracture toughness and microstructures were investigated after exposure to an oxidizingatmosphere. The evaluation results of the topcoat materials are reported in this paper
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This study was carried out on the development of the evaluation method for solidificationcracking susceptibility of Inconel600/SUS347 dissimilar weld metals during laser welding. Somedissimilar weld metals which have different ratios of Inconel600/SUS347 were prepared by TIGwelding and then were remelted on the U-type hot cracking tester by laser. Solidification crackingbehavior during hot cracking test was observed by a high speed camera and the dynamic strain,close to the solidification crack, was evaluated. It appeared that local critical strain, for the initiationof solidification crack, was obtained by this strain measurement method. So the solidificationcracking susceptibility could be directly evaluated based on the critical strain for different dissimilarjoint. By using this method, it was discovered that solidification cracking occurred most easilywhen the ratio of Inconel600/SUS347 is 40%/60%, in the case of the Inconel600/SUS347 dissimilarlaser welded joints
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of allergic disease. However, little is known whether the nasal exposure to SE affects the development of allergic rhinitis (AR).Objective We sought to determine the in vivo effect of nasal exposure to SE on the development of AR using mouse model.Methods BALB/c mice were intranasally sensitized with Schistosoma mansoni egg antigen (SmEA) in the presence or absence of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). Control mice were intranasally sensitized with either SEB or SmEA alone. The production of antigen-specific antibodies including IgE, nasal eosinoplilia and cytokines by nasal mononuclear cells was compared among mice that had or had not received SEB treatment.Results Nasal exposure to SEB enhanced the development of AR in SmEA-sensitized mice, as manifested by SmEA-specific IgE production, nasal eosinophilia, and IL-4 and IL-5 production by nasal mononuclear cells after Ag challenge. This treatment also elicited IFN-γ production by SmEA-primed cells. In addition, these mice produced SEB-specific IgE whereas mice treated with SEB without SmEA sensitization did not produce SEB-specific IgE or demonstrate nasal eosinophilia.Conclusion These results suggest that the nasal exposure to SEB enhances susceptibility to AR although the exposure to SE solely does not induce AR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The effect of grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) on intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) in austenitic stainless steels in high temperature water was verified experimentally. GBCD control using the strain annealing method increased the fraction of low- S coincidence site lattice (CSL) boundaries and the segmentalized network of random grain boundaries in austenitic stainless steels. The fractions of low- S CSL boundaries of GBCDcontrolled steels were 75–85%, while those of uncontrolled steels were 60–70%. Creviced bent beam tests were conducted at 561 K in pure water containing 8 ppm dissolved oxygen for stress corrosion cracking (SCC) evaluation. The tests revealed that GBCD control suppressed IGSCC initiation or propagation and that cracks were predominantly propagated along random grain boundaries. It is considered that induced lower- S CSL boundaries result in high resistance toIGSCC
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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