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  • Electronic Resource  (92)
  • 2000-2004  (23)
  • 1985-1989  (69)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability of Te–Cu amorphous alloy thin films for optical recording (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 1671-1678 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have studied the structure and optical stability of Te–Cu thin film alloy candidates for write-once optical recording. Films prepared by rf diode sputtering with 20–50 at. % Cu are amorphous, as-sputtered. One of these, Te65 Cu35 , has a relatively high crystallization temperature (150 °C), as determined by x-ray diffraction. Near the eutectic composition (∼29 at .% Cu), alloy films have stable optical properties after accelerated aging at 60 °C and 85% relative humidity. The mechanism for film stability near the eutectic was studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and depth profiling using ion scattering spectroscopy. We found that a Cu-enriched surface oxide, formed at ambient conditions, passivates the film and is responsible for its subsequent stability after accelerated aging. We also demonstrated that a 14 in. diam, multilayer optical disk with a Te65 Cu35 recording medium exhibits excellent linearity for 3 and 8 MHz pulses, good written pulse length stability, and high signal-to-noise ratio. Thus, a Te–Cu recording medium can effectively use run-length-limited codes, which allow very high data storage capacity and data transfer rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341787
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of anisotropy fields in recording media (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5711-5713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This work describes an experimental study which reviews the various techniques that can be used for determination of anisotropy fields in recording media. At the present time this topic is of considerable importance due to the need to understand the detailed mechanisms of magnetization reversal and the factors that control the switching field distribution in recording media. We have used a metal-particle-based tape material and have employed various magnetic techniques for the determination of the apparent anisotropy field, HK. The techniques included hysteresis loops measured in a direction transverse to the texture direction of the tapes, single-point detection in the successive derivatives of the magnetization with respect to the field, transverse susceptibility measurement, and the variation of the bulk coercivity with temperature. We find the temperature variation of coercivity produces values of HK far smaller than values determined by other methods due to orientation effects. General agreement is seen for the other techniques mentioned and results for samples with differing degrees of texture show that the apparent anisotropy field of the grains as measured by these techniques is influenced greatly by orientation effects. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372498
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    rf ion source development for neutron generation and for material modification : Papers from the Ninth International Conference on Ion Sources (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 73 (2002), S. 934-936 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: rf driven multicusp ion sources have been successfully used in various different applications. Lately the Plasma and Ion Source Technology Group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has been developing a rf ion source for neutron production and a high current density cw-operated ion source for SIMOX (Separation by Implantation of Oxygen)-application. The group has developed a small ion source, which consists of a quartz plasma chamber, an external rf-antenna, an extraction electrode, and a target assembly, all in a tube that is approximately 25 cm in length and 5 cm in diameter. Another neutron generator currently under development is a multiaperture, high power generator. The neutron generator currently operates at 1% duty cycle, 80 kV, and 150 mA of deuterium beam. The neutron yield measured from the generator is 1.6×107 n/s. For oxygen implantation, the group has been developing a source which could provide a high percentage of O+ at high current density using cw operation. A dual-antenna has been developed for the source to ensure reliable long life operation. The development of these sources will be discussed in this article. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1430519
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rare gas matrix ESR investigations of 12CH3 63,65CuF, 13CH3 63,65CuF, H63,65CuF, and D63,65CuF generated by reactive laser vaporization (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 88 (1988), S. 524-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new experimental procedure for conducting reactive laser vaporizations is described and applied to the generation of the previously unreported copper radicals, 13CH3CuF, 12CH3CuF, HCuF, and DCuF, for rare gas matrix ESR investigations. Laser vaporization was conducted on a thin film of reactant condensed on the copper metal surface. The g and A tensors for these are compared with other small copper radicals in order to determine electronic structure and bonding trends. The neon magnetic parameters (MHz) for 13CH363CuF are: g(parallel) =1.965(1), g⊥ =2.3626(3); A(parallel)(63Cu) =3076(2), A⊥(63Cu) =2993(1); A(parallel)(19F) =94(1), A⊥(19F) =68(1); A(parallel)(13C) =19(1), A⊥(13C) 〈3. The H quartet hfs for CH3CuF was resolved on the perpendicular transitions, having an A value of 9.3(3) MHz. For H63CuF, the neon results (MHz) are: g(parallel) =1.975(1); g⊥ =2.4075(4); A(parallel)(63Cu) =2826(3), A⊥(63Cu) =2717(1); A(parallel)(19F) =127(2), A⊥(19F) =94(1); A(parallel)(H) =61(3), and A⊥(H) =29(1) MHz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.454179
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Site-selective spectroscopy of hydrogenic sites in CaF2:Er3+ crystals (1987)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 521-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Laser selective excitation and optical absorption studies of hydrogenated CaF2:0.05% Er3+ crystals have revealed 16 Er3+ ion sites involving H− or D− ion charge compensation. The relative occurrence of these sites can be controlled over a wide range by varying the duration of the hydrogenation treatment. The hydrogenic nature of these sites is established by the observation of local mode absorption lines in the infrared, Er3+ ion electronic line isotope shifts and associated local mode vibronic lines involving the H− and D− ions. Local mode infrared absorption frequencies of four sites are reported for most rare-earth ions. Five new Er3+−F− sites were identified in the laser selective excitation study. For 〈100〉 and 〈111〉 oriented crystals the fluorescence spectra of several of the sites exhibit well-defined polarization which determines their Er3+ ion site symmetries. Symmetry confirmations are also established for the two previously reported single Er3+ ion sites involving fluoride ion compensation. Eleven of the hydrogenic sites reported here are classified into two families, each derived from a single Er3+ ion site of the parent crystal, while three others are attributed to sites of nearly cubic Er3+ ion symmetry. Detailed spectroscopic results for these sites are presented, together with a crystal-field analysis for the C4v symmetry sites and some model assignments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.452304
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrostatically defined heterojunction rings and the Aharonov–Bohm effect (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 21-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Micron-sized loops of high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas have been made on GaAs-AlGaAs heterostructures using a novel split-gate technique. Aharonov–Bohm oscillations of amplitude up to 20% of the device resistance have been observed at very low temperatures (T〈100 mK), together with h/2e oscillations which appear to be due to interference between pairs of time-reversed paths near B=0. The h/e period is found to vary by ∼25% with magnetic field, possibly as a result of the formation of edge states. In the quantum Hall effect, plateaus in Rxx are seen at high B due to variations in carrier concentration across the ring, which may cause backscattering of some edge states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.100818
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and microstructure of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O thin films (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 53 (1988), S. 429-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin superconducting Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O films have been grown by reactive magnetron sputtering with an average cation ratio of 2:2:1:2 on single-crystal (100)MgO. Films show a superconducting transition onset at 117 K, but do not go to zero resistance until 83–84 K. Secondary electron microscopy and electron beam microprobe showed two major phases with different compositions and morphologies. The dominant phase was a lamellar phase with composition very close to the 2:2:1:2 cation ratio. The second phase had a needle-like morphology, which was deficient in Bi, and had excess Cu. The nonsuperconducting Sr14−xCaxCu24O41 phase had been known to exist in bulk; therefore, the needle phase could be an intermediate step in the formation of Sr14−xCaxCu24O41 phase as Bi deficiency in the needles increased with increasing annealing temperature and/or time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.100671
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterning ferromagnetism in Ni80Fe20 films via Ga+ ion irradiation (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 1589-1591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We demonstrate that focused Ga+ ion irradiation can comprehensively modify the ferromagnetic properties of Ni80Fe20 thin films. Magneto-optic Kerr effect measurements at room temperature and magnetoresistance measurements at temperatures between 1.5 and 270 K characterized the irradiation effects. Irradiation steadily reduced the films' room temperature coercivity, and a dose of 1.0×1016 ions/cm2 at 30 keV was found sufficient to cause a loss of ferromagnetism at room temperature in films of thickness up to 15.5 nm. In situ end-point detection and postirradiation atomic force microscopy confirmed that the sputtering which accompanied doses up to 1.0×1016 ions/cm2 did not compromise the protective caps on these Ni80Fe20 films. We therefore conclude that the modification of ferromagnetic properties occurred primarily because of direct Ga+ ion implantation. From these results, we speculate that focused Ga+ ion irradiation could be a convenient tool for the nanoscale patterning of magnetic properties in 3d transition metal thin films. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1351519
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ballistic transport in a GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs one-dimensional channel fabricated using an atomic force microscope (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 3466-3468 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We fabricate a one-dimensional constriction in a shallow, δ-doped GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs two-dimensional electron gas, by locally oxidizing the surface using an atomic force microscope. The channel exhibits ballistic conduction with up to seven conductance plateaus, quantized in units of 2e2/h. The dependence of the device conductance on dc bias voltage reveals the energy separation of the first two subbands to be ΔE1,2=5.5(±0.3) meV, which allows ballistic conduction to be observed up to a temperature of 20 K. A lateral electric field, combined with the hard-walled confinement due to the insulating lines, allows manipulation of the electron wave function in a way which is not possible with surface-gated devices. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1374225
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Passive immunization of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), against Flavobacterium psychrophilum, the causative agent of bacterial coldwater disease and rainbow trout fry syndrome (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 26 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Flavobacterium psychrophilum, the causative agent of bacterial coldwater disease (CWD) and rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS), causes high mortality in cultured salmonids. The present study was designed to determine the role antibody plays in conferring protection to rainbow trout fry, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), by passive immunization with convalescent serum or serum from adult rainbow trout immunized with F. psychrophilum, and goat anti-F. psychrophilum serum. In each experiment, rainbow trout fry were injected intraperitoneally with antiserum and challenged by subcutaneous injection with a virulent strain (CSF-259-93) of F. psychrophilum 24-h post-immunization. Relative percentage survival (RPS) ranged from 9–42% when rainbow trout fry (mean weight 1.3 g) were injected with a 1:2 dilution of 25 μL of convalescent serum ranging in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibody titres from 1600–102 400. Rainbow trout fry (mean weight 1.0 g) passively immunized with 25 μL of serum from immunized adult fish exhibited RPS values of up to 57%. In each of these experiments, RPS increased with increasing antibody titres against F. psychrophilum. Passive immunization with 25 or 50 μL goat anti-F. psychrophilum serum, however, did not confer protection to fry (mean weight 1.3 g). These results suggest that trout antibody plays a role in conferring protection to F. psychrophilum, but antibody alone is unable to provide complete protection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.2003.00468.x
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