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  • Electronic Resource  (3)
  • 2000-2004  (3)
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  • Electronic Resource  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High spatial resolution study of human skin using synchrotron infrared microscopy: application to the penetration of external agents (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 26 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Human skin sections were studied using synchrotron-powered infrared microscopy. The superior lateral resolution achieved with this technique (diffraction-limited spot sizes) allows the detailed analysis of the biocomposition of the skin layers. It is shown that highly organized lipids are present in the stratum corneum, as evidenced by a slight frequency difference in the symmetric stretch mode of the methylene groups. Biochemical images were generated showing the precise location of the lipids, proteins and collagen across the skin section. More enhanced images were generated using a statistical approach (fuzzy C-means clustering). Penetration of two external agents (cyanophenol and a cosmetic compound, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate) was studied. The penetration pathway across the stratum corneum is favored at locations of lower lipid concentration. Both compounds penetrated into the epidermis, but neither of them induced a change in the protein secondary structure. It was shown that hair follicle is a favored penetration pathway for these agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2004.00244_5.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Profiling lipids across Caucasian and Afro-American hair transverse cuts, using synchrotron infrared microspectrometry (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 23 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Synchrotron-based infrared microscopic measurements have been performed on various hair transverse sections, sampled either from the heads of Caucasian or Afro-American subjects. Lipid content of various virgin hair transverse sections was established, with an unprecedented resolution. The variations in shape and intensity of the CH2, CH3, amide I and amide II bands, before and after lipid removal by solvent extraction, were profiled, showing clearly that Caucasian hair often contains lipids localized inside the medulla and to a lesser extent inside the cuticle. This statement does not hold for the Afro-American hair analysed. For this, the FT-IR spectra do not change within the hair section and are insensitive to solvent extraction. The importance of the origin of hair on its physical and chemical properties has to be taken into account in future investigations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0412-5463.2001.00118.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An efficient method for solving RNA structures: MAD phasing by replacing magnesium with zinc (2001)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. 330-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The structure of a 46-nucleotide RNA complex has been successfully solved using multi-wavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD) at the zinc K edge. Taking advantage of the eight magnesium-binding sites, it has been shown that for five of them magnesium could be replaced by zinc. This resulted in an excellent 2.0 Å MAD electron-density map. Zinc, in common with some other transition metals, is able to replace magnesium in RNA structures, but zinc has the advantage of its K edge being ideally located at 1.284 Å. As most RNA molecules contain magnesium-binding sites, it is suggested that this method could be a valuable alternative to the use of bromo derivatives of bases, which is limited to chemically synthesizable and thus rather short RNA sequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444900017558
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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