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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 9877-9884 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Atomically resolved surface photovoltage imaging and tunneling barrier imaging were performed with a scanning tunneling microscope to elucidate the nature of the initial adsorption state of potassium on room temperature Si(111)7×7 surface, which appears as a missing center Si-adatom. No evidence was found to support the fact that this adsorption mode is charged. K islands start to grow (and accumulate at 7×7 domain boundaries) already at coverages as low as 4×1012 cm−2. These islands may be responsible for the previously reported work function lowering and enhanced chemical reactivity upon K deposition. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 115 (2001), S. 1875-1881 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We employed atomically-resolved surface photovoltage (SPV) imaging with a scanning tunneling microscope, using super- and sub-band gap energy photons, to map the potential distribution around a single As vacancy at a p-GaAs(110) surface. While the super-band gap (532 nm) SPV reflects the band bending (including the tip-induced effect) in the dark, the sub-band gap (1064 nm) SPV shows the change in band bending due to charge injection into the defect. We conclude that in the dark, the As vacancy introduces a surface state, ∼0.63 eV above the valence band maximum, that has to be filled with two electrons to maintain surface neutrality. However, under 1064 nm (sub-band gap) illumination at room temperature, we observed a large negative SPV feature (radius of 70–100 Å), and a zero or low positive SPV zone in its center, with a six-pointed star shape of ∼15 Å radius. We interpret our findings as either negative photo-charging of the defect, or positive charging that leads to a trapped electron state around the defect. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Beta-haemolytic streptococci are important human and animal pathogens: their genetic traits that are associated with the ability to infect human hosts remain, however, unclear. The surface protein, Lmb, mediates the adherence of Streptococcus agalactiae to human laminin. For further analysis of the corresponding gene, the adjacent genomic regions were sequenced. Lmb is localized on a putative composite transposon of 16 kb and is flanked by two copies of a novel insertion sequence element (ISSag2). It harbours the genes scpB and lmb, which are 98% identical with the respective genes of Streptococcus pyogenes. Analysis of the distribution of these genes and ISSag2 among 131 streptococcal strains revealed that all of the human isolates, but only 20% (12 of 61) of the animal isolates, contained scpB and lmb or their homologues. To investigate if the putative transposon can be mobilized, an erythromycin resistance marker was incorporated into the lmb gene of S. agalactiae. Screening for mutant strains with a regained susceptibility for erythromycin identified strains with a deletion of scpB, lmb, and one copy of ISSag2. We hypothesize that a horizontal gene transfer caused the exchange of scpB and lmb and that the ability of S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae and group C and G streptococcal strains to colonize or infect human hosts is dependent on their presence.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 69 (1998), S. 801-805 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: MRSA ; Surgery ; Hygiene management. ; Schlüsselwörter: MRSA ; Chirurgie ; Hygienemanagement.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung. Die Isolationsrate von MRSA bei Staphylococcus-aureus-Infektionen ist in deutschen Krankenhäusern im Zeitraum 1990 bis 1995 auf 8,7 % angestiegen. Patienten mit chirurgischen Behandlungen und Physiotherapie wiesen ein dreifach erhöhtes Risiko für MRSA-Kolonisation bzw. -Infektionen auf. Die häufigste durch MRSA verursachte Infektion ist die chirurgische Wundinfektion (28 %). Der Hauptübertragungsweg von MRSA innerhalb eines Krankenhauses ist die Weiterverbreitung des Keims von einem Patienten zum anderen über Kontakt mit den Händen des behandelnden Personals. Daher ist die entscheidende Strategie zur Vermeidung von Übertragungen die Einhaltung einer strikten Händehygiene. Bei gleichzeitig nasaler Besiedlung eines Patienten und Infektion an anderer Körperstelle ist das derzeit verbreitetste Behandlungsregime die lokale Gabe von Mupirocin-Nasensalbe kombiniert mit parenteraler Vancomycin-Therapie. Der nicht indizierte Einsatz von Vancomycin, wie beispielsweise zur perioperativen Prophylaxe oder zur Prävention von Katheterinfektionen, sollte vermieden werden, insbesondere nach den kürzlich erschienenen ersten Berichten über das Auftreten Vancomycin-intermediär empfindlicher S.-aureus-Stämme (VISA) in Japan und den USA.
    Notizen: Summary. The isolation rate of MRSA from Staphylococcus aureus infections rose to 8.7 % in German hospitals between 1990 and 1995. Patients undergoing surgical treatment or physiotherapy showed a threefold increase in the risk of being colonized or infected with MRSA. Surgical wound infection is the most frequent among MRSA-induced infections (28 %). The main transmission path of MRSA inside a hospital is bacterial spread from one patient to another through contact with the hands of nursing staff. Therefore, the crucial strategy in avoiding the spread of bacteria is strict hygiene management through hand disinfection. The most widespread therapeutic regimen for simultaneous eradication of nasal colonization and treatment of infection on other body sites is mupirocin nasal ointment combined with parenteral vancomycin application. The non-indicated use of vancomycin, e. g., for perioperative prophylaxis or prevention of catheter-induced infections, should be avoided, especially after the appearance of vancomycin-intermediately sensitive S. aureus (VISA) strains that have been reported recently from Japan and the USA.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 3 (1997), S. 429-436 
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: [Auszug] Motor neuron diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy cause progressive paralysis, often leading to premature death. Neurotrophic factors have been suggested as therapeutic agents for motor neuron diseases, but their clinical use as injected recombinant ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 132-134 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 341-343 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A case ofNeisseria meningitidis peritonitis in a 41-year-old female undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for end-stage renal failure due to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is reported. The bacterial strain was serosubtyped as 4∶PI.15, a rarely encountered type. Surprisingly, the minimal inhibitory concentration of vancomycin for the isolate was low (16 mg/l). This may have contributed to the complete recovery of the patient.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 341-343 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  A case of Neisseria meningitidis peritonitis in a 41-year-old female undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for end-stage renal failure due to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is reported. The bacterial strain was serosubtyped as 4 : P1.15, a rarely encountered type. Surprisingly, the minimal inhibitory concentration of vancomycin for the isolate was low (16 mg/l). This may have contributed to the complete recovery of the patient.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Schlagwort(e): Group A streptococcus ; Group G streptococcus ; Phagocytosis ; Flow cytometry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract M protein is thought to contribute to the ability of non-opsonized group A and group G streptococci (GAS and GGS, respectively) to resist phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. In previous studies, correlation between M protein expression and phagocytosis was determined by incubating these pathogens in human blood and comparing colony-forming bacterial counts prior to and after exposure to blood (direct bactericidal assay; DBA). Here, we report the application of flow cytometry to measure GAS and GGS resistance to phagocytosis. The results of the assays were in complete agreement with those from DBAs. Nevertheless, flow cytometry was regarded as superior to DBA because of its speed and potential uses for quantitative studies. In addition, the use of anti-CD1 1b monoclonal antibody for granulocyte staining guaranteed a non-compromized granulocyte function. The optimized protocol for flow cytometry presented here could be utilized to directly measure the involvement of individual protein types in bacterial resistance to phagocytosis
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 226 (1997), S. 225-228 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Energietechnik
    Notizen: Abstract The presence of cryptand 222 on the strongly acidic cation exchange resin Dowex 50WX8 (D) considerably increases its ability to remove strontium (Sr) from liquid milk. Dowex resin treated with cryptand (D/222) sorbs more than 95% of the Sr in milk at pH 5.2 and 22 °C after 4 hours contact in a batch process with a resin to milk volume ratio of 1∶50. Hot (90 °C) 6M hydrochloric acid elutes Sr quantitatively but rather unspecifically from the resin. The isolation of Sr from this eluate by chromatography with the commercially available Sr·Spec Resin® is described. The usefulness of this technique for the rapid, routine determination of90Sr in liquid milk is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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