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  • 2000-2004  (3)
  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 1452-1455 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Donor-assisted resonant tunneling in nominally symmetric GaAs/(AlGa)As large area double-barrier diodes is investigated. The log(I)–V characteristics are used to evaluate doping density in the quantum well and are investigated in connection with donor cluster-assisted resonant tunneling. The single-donor-related feature in the resonant-tunneling characteristics is used to detect the presence of donors in the quantum well, even at concentrations of the order of the lowest achieved so far in molecular beam epitaxy GaAs. Expected effects of the presence of donors in the quantum well on the log(I) vs V characteristics are discussed. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 1538-1544 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is shown by using a two-dimensional fully electromagnetic and relativistic particle-in-cell code that magnetic field energy can be strongly dissipated when external plasma flow interacts with the force-free magnetic field configuration in pair plasmas. During the early stage of the interaction, the streaming instability occurs, which induces the electromagnetic perturbations associated with the generation of a quasistatic magnetic field. In the nonlinear stage, the force-free magnetic field becomes unstable against the firehose instability, and then magnetic islands are formed through magnetic reconnection. The dissipated magnetic field energy is converted to plasma heating, as well as high-energy particle production. The energy spectrum in the high-energy region shows a law of the exponential type. When the plasma flow velocity becomes relativistic (0.9c), the effective energy conversion from the initial magnetic field energy is observed, with a conversion rate of about 90%. The interaction process between the force-free collisionless plasmas and the relativistic plasma flows may play an important role for effective magnetic field energy conversion, formation of filament structures, and high-energy particle production in astrophysical plasmas. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 844-852 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The coalescence of two parallel current loops in an electron–positron plasma is investigated by a three-dimensional electromagnetic relativistic particle code. Instead of mixing uniformly in the dissipation region as observed for current coalescence in an electron–ion plasma, electrons and positrons initially in the loops are driven to move separately by the magnetic gradient drift. Redistribution of the current-carrying electrons and positrons creates new current loops, which coalesce again, if the initial drift velocities remain greater than a critical value after coalescence. It was found that the energy stored in the current loops dissipates gradually through several coalescences. Consequently, the electrons and positrons near the current loops are heated through the coalescence. This process is qualitatively different from the explosive energy release during coalescence in an electron–ion plasma. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 3501-3508 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Excitation of large-amplitude Alfvén waves in an anisotropic electron–positron plasma is investigated with a two-and-one-half-dimensional (2〈fraction SHAPE="CASE"〉12-D), electromagnetic particle code. If the plasma distribution is a bi-Maxwellian with T⊥/T(parallel)〉1, where the subscript symbols denote directions perpendicular and parallel to the ambient magnetic field, Alfvén waves with arbitrary polarization are generated. Simulations show that the amplitude of the waves increases both with increasing temperature anisotropy and parallel plasma β(parallel). The stabilization of individual wave modes occurs sequentially, from higher values of wave number down to lower ones, in the evolution of the temperature anisotropy instability. Wave–particle scattering by the enhanced waves maintains the initially bi-Maxwellian character throughout the simulation, even as it reduces T⊥ and increases T(parallel). After saturation of wave magnetic energy a large residual temperature anisotropy still remains and persists through the end of the simulation. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3906-3911 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Results from a three-dimensional electromagnetic and relativistic particle simulation of a relativistic electron-positron plasma cloud (Lorentz factor γ=5/3) moving perpendicular to an ambient magnetic field with background plasmas are presented. It is shown that, in addition to the charge sheaths created at both sides of the cloud, secondary charge structures are created in the central region of the cloud and many cloud particles expand along the magnetic field. The Alfvén waves with large amplitude (δB/B0≈0.03) and linear polarization are excited dominantly with wave number kzc/Ωc〈1, while the electromagnetic waves are weakly excited because of the relativistic effect of the cloud particles. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Viral diseases of sweet potato are very prevalent and often seriously damaging to the plants. In particular, the severe strain of the sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV-S) causes ‘obizyo-sohi’ disease in Japan. In order to confer viral resistance against SPFMV using current biotechnology, a transgenic sweet potato has been produced, introducing hygromycin-resistant (hpt) and SPFMV-S coat protein (CP) genes, which have shown a significant resistance to SPFMV-S. In the breeding programme, it is important to confirm that the viral resistance conferred in T0 plants can be inherited by their progeny. In the present study, progeny were obtained from crosses between the transgenic T0 and a non-transgenic variety of sweet potato. The results showed that the CP gene was inherited by the next generation and that the stability of viral resistance was also confirmed. Thus, this production system for the virus-resistant transgenic sweet potato is useful in practical breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Shock waves 9 (1999), S. 423-427 
    ISSN: 1432-2153
    Keywords: Key words:Galilean transformation, Shock-capturing scheme, Artificial wind
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract. We introduce and apply a new way for the construction of efficient non-oscillatory shock-capturing schemes for fluid dynamic and magneto-hydro-dynamic simulations. The basic idea is to solve the governing equations in different steadily moving frames of reference chosen in such a way that the flow would be supersonic there resulting in simple upwind formulas for fluxes across control volume faces. An extra velocity (artificial wind) is added to the velocity of the flow under simulation when the system of coordinates is changed. The approach allows to simplify existing schemes and to get new modifications. Test problems demonstrate that the derived schemes provide accurate results while being simple and efficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recombinant DNA molecules containing cDNA of a sweet potato feathery mottle virus severe strain (SPFMV-S) RNA genome were constructed and the partial nucleotide sequences were determined for three DNA inserts, which cover 4.2 kb from the 3′-terminus excluding the poly (A) tail. This region of the genome consists of an open reading frame of 1340 amino acids (a.a.) and a 3′-non-translated region of 224 nucleotides. The protein products expected were 6K2 (53 a.a.) NIa, (435 a.a.), NIb (521 a.a) and CP (315 a.a.). Among NIa, NIb and coat proteins, the NIb protein was found to be the most conserved (59–68%) when compared to the corresponding proteins of other distinct potyviruses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The complete nucleotide sequence of a sweet potato feathery mottle virus severe strain (SPFMV-S) genomic RNA was determined from overlapping cDNA clones and by directly sequencing viral RNA. The viral RNA genome is 10 820 nucleotides long, excluding the poly(A) tail and contains one open reading frame (ORF) starting at nucleotide 118 and ending at 10 599, potentially encoding a polyprotein of 3 493 amino acids (Mr 393 800). The ORF was followed by a 3 untranslated region of 221 nucleotides. The deduced polyprotein includes P1 (74K), HC-Pro (52K), P3 (46K), 6K1, CI (72K), 6K2, NIa-VPg (22K), NIa-Pro (28K), NIb (60K) and coat (35K) proteins, after an analysis of protein cleavage sites analogous to other potyvirus polyproteins. The polyprotein had a high level of amino acid identity with those of other potyviruses, except in the regions of P1 and P3. The P1 of SPFMV-S RNA has 664 amino acid residues, and is the largest and least similar to those of other potyviruses. HC-Pro and CI show high identity with those of other potyviruses. P3 has relatively low identity, however, the length of P3 was within the range of variability among other potyviruses. The 6K1 protein between P3 and C1 is also highly similar to those of other potyviruses. This is the first report on the complete nucleotide sequence of the sweet potato-infecting virus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plasma physics reports 26 (2000), S. 493-501 
    ISSN: 1562-6938
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Kinetic equations with the BGK collision integral are used to derive MHD equations for a weakly ionized plasma that are applicable over a broad range of magnetic field strengths. In strong magnetic fields, a substantial contribution to the transverse diffusion of the magnetic field comes from the ambipolar magnetic diffusion, which is associated with the motion of both the charged component and the magnetic field against the background of the neutral plasma component. The problems of the magnetic field diffusion in a weakly ionized plasma and the shock wave structure are solved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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