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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development and in vitro Characterization of a Cationized Monoclonal Antibody against βA4 Protein: A Potential Probe for Alzheimer's Disease (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Bioconjugate chemistry 5 (1994), S. 119-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4812
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bc00026a003
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    2-[(2-Pyridylmethyl)sulfinyl]-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazoles. A novel class of gastric H+/K+-ATPase inhibitors (1992)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 35 (1992), S. 438-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00081a004
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rovibrational coupling in the S1 excited state of 1-methylindole (1993)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 99 (1993), S. 67-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We have undertaken an extensive study of the spectroscopy and dynamics of the S1–S0 transition in jet-cooled 1-methylindole and 1-methyl(d3)indole. The energy-resolved fluorescence decays resulting from picosecond excitation of S1 vibrational modes display unusual quantum interference effects which have been attributed to the excitation of a large number of quasidegenerate states even at relatively low levels of vibrational excitation. This has been attributed to rovibrational coupling in which the selection rules are much less restrictive than is normally the case with rigid planar molecules. A significant rotational temperature dependence of the vibrational dynamics has been measured which serves to corroborate this model.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.465740
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Vibrational predissociation in S1 indole van der Waals clusters (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 6261-6270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The excited state dynamics of the indole(Ar)1, indole(d1)(Ar)1, indole(Ar)2, and indole(CH4)1 van der Waals clusters have been investigated in a free jet expansion. Excited state vibrational frequencies were determined using multiphoton ionization and fluorescence excitation spectroscopy. Time resolved emission spectroscopic techniques were used to determine vibrational predissociation rates and product state distributions. All of the clusters were found to predissociate when excited with sufficient vibrational energy in the S1 state. The predissociation dynamics were found to be consistent with a serial model in which energy transfer from the indole skeletal modes to the van der Waals modes precedes the dissociation step. The density of van der Waals vibrational states was found to be the most important factor in determining the predissociation dynamics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.461547
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Examining the limits of the buprenorphine interdosing interval: daily, every-third-day and every-fifth-day dosing regimens (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Carfax Publishing, part of the Taylor & Francis Group
    Addiction 96 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin , Psychologie
    Notizen: Aims. Opioid-dependent outpatients may be more likely to present for pharmacological treatment if less than daily dosing can be arranged. These studies compared opioid withdrawal symptoms during 24-, 72-, and 120-hour buprenorphine dosing regimens and evaluated participants' preferences for these different dosing regimens. Participants. Thirty-three opioid-dependent participants received daily sublingual maintenance doses of 4 mg/70 kg (n = 14) or 8 mg/70 kg (n = 19) of liquid buprenorphine. Methods. In Study I participants received, in a random order, three dosing regimens for five repetitions of each: daily maintenance doses every 24 hours (4 or 8 mg/70 kg), triple the daily maintenance dose every 72 hours (12 or 24 mg/70 kg) and quintuple the daily maintenance dose every 120 hours (20 or 40 mg/70 kg). Doses were administered under double-blind procedures, and placebos were administered on the interposed days during the latter two regimens. Subjective and observer ratings of opioid withdrawal symptoms were assessed daily prior to receipt of each dose. In Study II, a new group of participants received each of the three dosing regimens under open-dosing procedures and then chose between the different dosing regimens. Findings. Opioid withdrawal symptoms increased significantly during the every-fifth-day dosing regimen in both the blind- and open-dosing studies. In the choice phase of Study II, only one participant (7%) chose quintuple-every-fifth-day dosing over all other dosing options. Conclusions. These results suggest that the maximum duration of action of buprenorphine is less than 5 days when five times the daily maintenance dose is provided.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.9668234.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comparison of four buprenorphine dosing regimens using open-dosing procedures: is twice-weekly dosing possible? (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Carfax Publishing, part of the Taylor & Francis Group
    Addiction 95 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin , Psychologie
    Notizen: Aims. To compare opioid withdrawal symptoms during 24-, 48-, 72- and 96-hour buprenorphine dosing regimens and to evaluate subjects' preferences for these different dosing schedules. Subjects. Fourteen opioid-dependent subjects participated in this study. They received daily sublingual maintenance doses of 4 mg/70 kg (n = 4) or 8 mg/70 kg (n = 10) of buprenorphine. Intervention. In the first study subjects received, in a random order, four dosing regimens for five repetitions of each: daily maintenance doses every 24 hours (4 or 8 mg/70 kg), double the daily maintenance dose every 48 hours (8 or 16 mg/70 kg), triple the daily maintenance dose every 72 hours (12 or 24 mg/70 kg), and quadruple the daily maintenance dose every 96 hours (16 or 32 mg/70 kg). Measures of subjective and observer opioid withdrawal symptoms were assessed prior to receipt of each dose. In a second study, subjects chose between the different dosing regimens. Findings. Some withdrawal ratings increased during the less frequent dosing schedules in the first study. In the second study, 46% of subjects preferred the quadruple-every-fourth-day dosing regimen over every other option, and only 14% preferred to be dosed daily. Conclusions. These results suggest that some opioid-dependent outpatients are willing and able to endure the withdrawal symptoms associated with less than daily dosing, and a twice-weekly dosing regimen may be possible.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2000.95710698.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Error-Rate and Decision-Theoretic Methods of Multiple Testing: Which Genes Have High Objective Probabilities of Differential Expression? (2004)
    Berkeley, Calif. : Berkeley Electronic Press (now: De Gruyter)
    Statistical applications in genetics and molecular biology 3.2004, 1, art8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1544-6115
    Quelle: Berkeley Electronic Press Academic Journals
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Given a multiple testing situation, the null hypotheses that appear to have sufficiently low probabilities of truth may be rejected using a simple, nonparametric method based on decision theory. This applies not only to posterior levels of belief, but also to conditional probabilities in the sense of relative frequencies, as seen from their equality to local false discovery rates (dFDRs). This approach neither requires the estimation of probability densities, nor of their ratios. Decision theory can also inform the selection of false discovery rate weights. An application to gene expression microarrays is presented with a discussion of the applicability of the assumption of "clumpy dependence."
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://www.bepress.com/sagmb/vol3/iss1/art8
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Risk-sensitive foraging theory elucidates risky choices made by heroin addicts (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Addiction 99 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin , Psychologie
    Notizen: Aim  The behavioral process of risk-sensitive foraging (RSF) specifies that the level of satiation or deprivation determines choice between a constant and variable quantity of food. Specifically, RSF stipulates that organisms experiencing satiation and deprivation prefer constant (risk-averse) and variable (risk-prone) choices, respectively. The relevance of this behavioral process to risky choices of opioid-dependent patients is examined in this study.Methods  Thirty adult opioid-dependent out-patients made hypothetical choices between constant and variable heroin sources with equivalent means. Preferences for constant (e.g. three bags of heroin) and variable heroin sources (e.g. on average produces three bags of heroin, but vary from one to five bags of heroin on any instance) were assessed using questionnaires that manipulated the amount, delay to receipt and drug potency of heroin across approximately 20 levels. Subjects made choices between constant and variable options after hearing scripts describing the signs and symptoms of opioid satiation and opioid deprivation.Results  Consistent with the prediction of RSF, subjects purchased significantly more hypothetical heroin from a variable source when exposed to an opioid-deprived script than an opioid-satiated script. This pattern was observed across manipulations of heroin amount, delay to receipt of heroin and heroin potency. Selection of the variable option increased as a function of magnitude under the deprived conditions. The selection of the variable option generally did not increase as a function of magnitude under the satiated conditions except when delay to heroin delivery increased. As delay increased, selection of the variable option increased under the satiated script, but at a lower level observed with the deprived script.Conclusions  These data suggest that risky choices of heroin-dependent individuals can be understood and predicted with the application of RSF theory. This research suggests that an evolutionarily old behavioral process may contribute to the risky behavior of the drug-dependent.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00733.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nicotine withdrawal versus other drug withdrawal syndromes: similarities and dissimilarities (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Addiction 89 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin , Psychologie
    Notizen: Many of the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal are similar to those of other drug withdrawal syndromes: anxiety, awakening during sleep, depression, difficulty concentrating, impatience, irritability/anger and restlessness. Slowing of the heart rate and weight gain are distinguishing features of tobacco withdrawal. Although nicotine withdrawal may not produce medical consequences, it lasts for several weeks and can be severe in some smokers. Like most other drug withdrawals, nicotine withdrawal is time-limited, occurs in non-humans, is influenced by instructions/expectancy and abates with replacement therapy and gradual reduction. Unlike some other drug withdrawal syndromes, protracted, neonatal or precipitated withdrawal does not occur. Whether nicotine withdrawal is associated with tolerance, acute physical dependence, greater duration and intensity of use, rapid reinstatement, symptom stages, cross-dependence with other nicotine ligands, reduction by non-pharmacological interventions and genetic influences is unclear. Whether nicotine withdrawal plays a major role in relapse to smoking has not been established but this is also true for other drug withdrawal syndromes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb03744.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Endogenous glucocorticoids and antigen-induced acute and late phase pulmonary responses (2000)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 30 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Several studies suggest that endogenous glucocorticoids can dampen the severity of experimental allergic reactions in animals.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉ObjectiveTo investigate the influence that endogenous glucocorticoids have on the course of IgE-mediated pulmonary early and late phase reactions.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉MethodsTwenty-one allergic asthmatic and six healthy control subjects underwent inhaled antigen challenge with measurements of plasma cortisol and cortisone by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉ResultsThere were no differences between the asthmatic and control groups in the baseline levels of cortisol or cortisone. However, the asthmatic subjects had significantly higher cortisol levels (67.2 ± 8.6 vs 35.1 ± 4.5 ng/mL; P = 0.04) and had higher cortisol/cortisone ratios (4.8 ± 0.6 vs 3.0 ± 0.2; P = 0.01) 8 h after challenge compared to the control subjects. Among the asthmatic subjects, those whose FEV1 recovered rapidly had higher baseline levels of cortisol and those who displayed a late phase reaction had lower levels of cortisol during the late phase period.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionThe results suggest that endogenous glucocorticoids may play a significant role in the modulation of airway responses to antigen challenge, and that antigen challenge may induce cortisol production in allergic subjects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2000.00890.x
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