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  • 2000-2004  (15)
  • 1985-1989  (11)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photochromic response of bismuth germanium oxide doped with chromium (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 6017-6021 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Doping the photorefractive material bismuth germanium oxide Bi12GeO20(BGO) with chromium significantly affects its optical properties. An absorption spectrum taken at 300 K shows that the introduction of chromium produces a strong unresolved band which overlaps the absorption cutoff of BGO and a series of smaller overlapping bands between 650 and 1100 nm. Cooling BGO:Cr to 10 K sharpens the small bands and resolves the strong band into a peak near 510 nm. This peak is responsible for the reddish-brown color of BGO:Cr. Excitation at room temperature with visible light increases the bands in the 650–1100 nm range. The production of this additional room temperature photochromic absorption is most efficient with excitation near 490 nm but extends throughout the visible. Chromium occupies the tetrahedral germanium site in BGO; and the observed spectra are consistent with a Cr4+ tetrahedral state. During crystal growth some of the chromium gives up an electron to the antisite bismuth native defect and becomes Cr5+. Exposing the sample to light returns the electron to the chromium and increases the Cr4+ absorption. The photoinduced absorption is thermally stable for temperatures up to about 425 K. This stability suggests that doping BGO with Cr should lead to room temperature persistent photorefractive gratings. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1415763
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In-plane magnetization of garnet films imaged by proximal probe nonlinear magneto-optical microscopy (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 2166-2168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We show that small in-plane magnetization components in magnetic garnet films with perpendicular anisotropy can be imaged using nonlinear magneto-optical proximal probe microscopy, i.e., magnetization-induced second harmonic generation together with a scanning near-field optical microscope. A relationship exists between the in-plane magnetization domains we observed and the typical maze-like out-of-plane magnetization domains that are simultaneously imaged recording the linear Faraday effect. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1302734
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistent refractive index gratings in bismuth germanium oxide doped with chromium (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 6022-6025 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The kinetics of the production and dark-decay of index gratings in chromium-doped bismuth germanium oxide Bi12GeO20 (BGO) and undoped BGO were investigated as a function of temperature from room temperature to about 500 K. During the write process in undoped BGO the gratings show a fast leading edge peak, which drops quickly to a steady saturated value. The leading-edge peak does not change significantly at the higher temperatures. Grating production was much slower in the BGO:Cr samples and the gratings grew monotonically throughout the 0.5 s write interval. At room temperature the gratings in BGO:Cr are highly persistent. A grating written at room temperature retains 70% of its initial strength after 24 h when it was read only once an hour. Optical erasure plays a major role in the decay of such gratings; reading the grating every 6 min reduced its strength to 48% of its initial value after 24 h. The grating written at room temperature and monitored as the sample was heated decayed within the same 10 K temperature range as the photochromic absorption bands. As expected, undoped BGO shows a rapid dark decay at room temperature that becomes faster at higher temperatures. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1415764
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphocyte Activation and Induction of Interferon Gamma in Human Leucocyte Cultures by the Mitogen in Mycoplasma arthritidis Supernatant (MAS) (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 24 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This report succinctly summarizes a number of experiments in which human leucocytes were activated by the mitogen in the supernatant of cultured Mycoplasma arthritidis (MAS). Lymphocytes from a large number of donors were found to be reactive when the two parameters of lymphoproliferation and of production of gamma interferon were analysed. Lymphocytes of cord blood origin were also reactive in lymphoproliferation. Their interferon production was low, but this has been established previously for mitogens in general. During the course of the studies, different batches of MAS were tested, including most recently a purified preparation. All of these were active. Removal of accessory cells adherent to nylon wool column abolished MAS reactivity, whereas it has little effect on lymphoproliferation induced by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). MAS reactivity was also strongly reduced when monoclonal anti-HLA-DR antibodies were added to the leucocyte cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02177.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acupuncture compared to placebo-acupuncture for postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis: A randomised placebo-controlled patient and observer blind trial (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This randomised, placebo-controlled, patient and observer blinded trial was conducted to determine whether acupuncture at the acupuncture point P6 is effective in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) compared to placebo acupuncture. Female patients (n = 220) scheduled for gynaecological or breast surgery were randomly assigned to two groups receiving either acupuncture (n = 109) or placebo acupuncture (n = 111). Each group was stratified for type of surgery and included two subgroups receiving intervention either before or after induction of anaesthesia. The incidence of PONV and/or antiemetic rescue medication within 24 h after surgery was the main outcome measure which showed no statistically significant difference between groups (43.7% acupuncture, 50.9% placebo, p = 0.27). The differences were more pronounced for patients having gynaecological surgery (48.9% acupuncture, 67.6% placebo, p = 0.07) than for those having breast surgery (38.7% acupuncture, 40.3% placebo, p = 0.86). The secondary outcome, vomiting, was significantly reduced by acupuncture from 39.6% to 24.8% (p = 0.03). Subgroup analysis showed no difference between applications of acupuncture before compared to after induction of anaesthesia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.03577.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonallergic anaphylaxis to pantoprazole (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Consider reactions to proton pump blockers in suspected food hypersensitivity
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.1n3496.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The prevention of occupational hand dermatitis in bakers, confectioners and employees in the catering trades (2001)
    Copenhagen : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 44 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Occupational skin diseases (OSD) are among the most frequent occupational diseases (OD). Compared to other occupations, bakers, confectioners and employees in the catering trades are at a high risk of developing OSD. In January 1999, the interdisciplinary Skin Disease Prevention Program in the Baking, Hotel and Catering Industries (SDPP) conducted by the Department of Dermatology and Allergology at the Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, in cooperation with the Research Center for Applied System Safety and Industrial Medicine, Erfurt, and the technical experts at the Social Insurance for the Food Industry and Related Professions (Berufsgenossenschaft für Nahrungsmittel und Gaststätten– (BGN)), Erfurt, was initiated. Following detailed analysis of the occupational exposure of the employees and their personal occupational disease history, the patients’ diagnosis and therapy was re-evaluated and supplemented if necessary. Individual skin care and protection regimes were demonstrated and practically trained. Skin care and protection products were supplied. Skin-care and protection seminars were offered to volunteering participants. From January to December 1999, 29 affected employees were examined in the OSD clinic. 22 employees (76%) suffered from irritant contact dermatitis. The follow-up data of 11 employees are available. In 8 employees (73%), the skin disease improved or disappeared. Moreover, in 1 employee (9%), the skin condition was stabilized even though he continued working. In only 2 employees (18%) did the skin condition worsen. These preliminary results showed that most of the OSD were due to lack of or unsuitable skin care and protection. The program will be extended to cover a larger number of food industry employees with OSD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.440205.x
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  • 8
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    Bandidos: The Varieties of Latin American Banditry. By Richard W. Slatta (Book Review) (1989)
    Berkeley, Calif. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of Social History. 22:3 (1989:Spring) 562 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-4529
    Topics: History , Sociology
    Notes: REVIEWS
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:b186-1989-022-03-000014
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short communications (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Contact dermatitis 43 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0536.2000.043002110.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure refinement of the silicon carbide polytypes 4H and 6H: unambiguous determination of the refinement parameters (2001)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. 60-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The atomic positions of the silicon carbide (SiC) polytypes 6H and 4H differ slightly from an ideal tetrahedron. These small deviations can be investigated by X-ray diffraction of so-called `quasiforbidden' reflections, which are very sensitive with respect to the extremely small variations in the structure. Nevertheless, an unambiguous calculation of the refinement parameters from the absolute values of the structure factors of the `quasiforbidden' reflections is not possible. In the case of SiC-4H, there are two and, in the case of SiC-6H, six different structure models, which yield the same absolute values of the structure factors. In order to distinguish between these models, additional phase information about the measured reflections is needed. To achieve this, Renninger-scan (\psi-scan) profiles in the vicinity of three-beam cases are used. These experimentally measured \psi-scans are compared with theoretical calculated profiles for each model. Another method to distinguish the different models is to compare the bond lengths between atoms of the two polytypes, which have equivalent vicinities. For both SiC-4H and SiC-6H, an unambiguous determination of the structure refinement parameters was possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108767300012915
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