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  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (16)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some Theoretical and Practical Implications of the Attempted Takeover of a Consumer Cooperative Society (2000)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
    Annals of public and cooperative economics 71 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8292
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The article begins with some observations about the trend towards demutualization of mutual and co-operative businesses, and then presents a case study of one, rather dramatic, example: the attempted takeover of Europe’s largest consumer co-operative, CWS. It draws on original research into the takeover bid to provide a summary of what happened and when, and then asks some important questions about whether consumer co-operatives are inherently less efficient than PLCs in the retail sector; whether they can make themselves safe from takeover; if they do survive, how they can justify their existence as member-owned businesses; and whether there are alternative forms such as worker or multi-stakeholder ownership that can achieve the broad aims of the co-operative sector more effectively. It concludes that if CWS and similar organizations are to survive they must integrate the two aspects of a co-operative—the business and the association—and take seriously the opportunities and responsibilities that being a member-owned organization implies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8292.00132
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical currents of sintered and melt-textured YBa2Cu3Ox (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 2856-2858 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High critical-current densities, Jc, have been observed in single crystals and thin films of YBa2Cu3Ox. Jc in bulk materials is diappointingly low reaching a maximum in untextured material of about 103 A cm−2. The importance of raising Jc in bulk materials is paramount and most applications of bulk materials require high Jc in high magnetic fields. The work of Jin et al. in raising Jc to 17 000 A cm−2 in zero field represents a most important step in the development of bulk materials and gives real hope to bulk applications. In the communication we first describe the properties of untextured wire, and then we describe our process for melt texturing and the difficulties encountered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342726
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reply to "Comment on ‘Particle-size distribution effects on sintering rates' [J. Appl. Phys. 60, 383 (1986)]'' (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 5203-5203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A closed form solution to our numerical results is noted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338305
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle size distribution effects on sintering rates (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 60 (1986), S. 383-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Recent interest in the use of near-monosize powders for ceramic processing has provoked questions concerning the dependence of the processing on the particle size distribution. One such factor is the sintering rate of the compact produced from a powder with a narrow particle size distribution. This issue is addressed theoretically by considering a log-normal particle size distribution which is characterized by a mean particle size and a width parameter. The sintering rates derived for model systems are examined for both the initial and intermediate stages, and these rates are found to be a strong function of the distribution width parameter. The sintering ability of a compact decreases with a broader particle size distribution and this effect becomes dramatic in the intermediate stage when grain growth is considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.337659
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New phases in the superconducting Y:Ba:Cu:O system (1987)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 457-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An electron diffraction and microscopy study is presented of a variety of phases in the Y:Ba:Cu:O system in which superconductivity occurs. The superconducting phase is demonstrated by convergent beam electron diffraction to be centrosymmetric with space group Pmmm, in contrast to a previous determination of Pmm2. This discrepancy arises from local symmetry-breaking defects. In addition to this phase and a cubic BaCuO2 phase, we characterize two other phases. One is the Y-rich orthorhombic phase: Pnma with a=13.5 A(ring), b=6.3 A(ring), and c=7.6 A(ring). The second occurs by a phase transition of the superconducting Pmmm phase to P4/mmm with a=3.85 A(ring), c=11.7 A(ring). The superconducting phase may now be described as either an ordered array of oxygen vacancies in the perovskite structure, or an ordered array of oxygen interstitials in the new tetragonal phase, which may explain how the material can lose oxygen reversibly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.98421
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microfabricated silicon microneedles for nonviral cutaneous gene delivery (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 150 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  The skin represents an accessible somatic tissue for therapeutic gene transfer. The superficial lipophilic layer of the skin, the stratum corneum, however, constitutes a major obstacle to the cutaneous delivery of charged macromolecules such as DNA.Objectives  To determine whether silicon-based microneedles, microfabricated via a novel isotropic etching/BOSCH reaction process, could generate microchannels in the skin of sufficient dimensions to facilitate access of lipid : polycation : pDNA (LPD) nonviral gene therapy vectors.Methods  Scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize the microconduits created in heat-separated human epidermal sheets after application of the microneedles. Following confirmation of particle size and particle surface charge by photon correlation spectrocopy and microelectrophoresis, respectively, the diffusion of fluorescent polystyrene nanospheres and LPD complexes through heat-separated human epidermal sheets was determined in vitro using a Franz-type diffusion cell. In-vitro cell culture with quantification by flow cytometry was used to determine gene expression in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells).Results  The diffusion of 100 nm diameter fluorescent polystyrene nanospheres, used as a readily quantifiable predictive model for LPD complexes, through epidermal sheets was significantly enhanced following membrane treatment with microneedles. The delivery of LPD complexes either into or through the membrane microchannels was also demonstrated. In both cases considerable interaction between the particles and the epidermal sheet was observed. In-vitro cell culture was used to confirm that LPD complexes mediated efficient reporter gene expression in human keratinocytes in culture when formulated at the appropriate surface charge.Conclusions  These studies demonstrate the utility of silicon microneedles in cutaneous gene delivery. Further studies are required to elucidate fully the influence of the physicochemical characteristics of gene therapy vectors, e.g. particle diameter and surface charge, on their diffusion through microchannels and to quantify gene expression in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.05921.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute toxicity of aluminium to fish eliminated in silicon-rich acid waters (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 338 (1989), S. 146-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Atlantic salmon fry (Salmo salary 1 g mass, post-first feeding) were maintained in tanks (120 fish per tank) with a through-flow of water at about pH 5 and containing various concentrations of aluminium and silicic acid. The concentration of aluminium in natural waters is in the range 〈1 to 〉25 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/338146a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of chemical bonding at low temperature on the mechanical properties of an unsintered SiC compact (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1987), S. 1456-1458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01689321
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxicity of silicon carbide whiskers (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 7 (1988), S. 350-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01730738
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fibre toughening of MDF cement (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 20 (1985), S. 37-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Fibre reinforced cements are of considerable industrial importance, the production of asbestos cement amounting to about 5 m tonne per annum. The search for fibres other than asbestos has led to the investigation of glass, polypropylene, cellulose (and other fibrous materials) in a cement matrix. Whilst there has been much work on the fibrous component of cement-fibre composites little attention has been paid to the effect on the final composite properties following improvements in the cement matrix. The preparation of macro-defect-free (MDF) cements has recently been reported and the work presented here describes the preparation and the properties of fibre-reinforced MDF cement composites. The Young's modulus of elasticity and the strength of MDF cements are greatly improved and do not need fibrous reinforcement to show benefit. The main purpose of reinforcing MDF cement with fibres is to enhance toughness and impact performance. It is shown that small volume fractions of fibre (∼2%) in the MDF cement matrix produce composites with excellent toughness and impact properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00555896
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