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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 85 (1963), S. 2616-2621 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 20 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim : To assess the pharmacokinetics of alosetron, its effect on in vivo enzyme activities, and influence of demographic factors during repeated dosing.Methods : Thirty healthy men and women received 1 mg oral alosetron twice-daily for 29.5 days and a single oral dose of a metabolic probe cocktail before and on the last day of alosetron dosing. Serum alosetron concentrations were measured on days 1, 8, 15, 22 and 29. Probe-substrate and metabolite concentrations were measured after each cocktail dose.Results : Alosetron accumulation in serum was negligible. Exposure to alosetron did not alter probe-metabolite/substrate ratios associated with CYP2C19, 2E1, 2C9, or 3A4 activity, but modestly decreased those associated with CYP1A2 and N-acetyltransferase activity. Systemic exposure to alosetron was higher in women, positively correlated with age and body mass index, and negatively correlated with CYP1A2 activity. Incidence of constipation was higher in women, but not associated with alosetron concentration.Conclusions : Single dose data can reliably predict the pharmacokinetics of alosetron after repeated doses. Alosetron exhibits limited potential for inhibition of cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism. Interindividual differences in alosetron pharmacokinetics associated with demographic factors may be related to strong dependence on metabolism by CYP1A2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS. 25.80.Ls Pion inclusive scettering and absorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The absorption of π+ on Ar was studied at pion energies of 70, 118, 162, 239 and 330MeV, and on N and Xe at 239MeV. Twenty-six absorption reaction channels with at least two energetic charged particles in the final state have been evaluated. Partial cross-sections have been determined according to the number of protons, neutrons and deuterons in the final state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Bioimplantat • Biomechanik •¶Knorpeldefekt • Knorpelregeneration •¶Mesenchymale Zelldifferenzierung ; Key words Bioimplant • Biomechanics • Cartilage ¶defect • Cartilage repair • Mesenchymal cell differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Hyaline cartilage is thought to be unable to regenerate. All efforts so far – including autologous chondrocyte cell transplantation – to reconstruct cartilage defects in joints have not been totally convincing. However, mesenchymal cells are able to differentiate into chondrocytes under mechanical pressure conditions. In this study, an open porous resorbable two-layer “bioimplant” was constructed in which mechanical pressure was exerted onto mesenchymal cells when migrated into the open porous structure of the bioimplant. Differentiation of the cells into chondrocytes was thus induced. The bioimplants were implanted into the medial condyles of nine rabbits and left in place for eight or twelve weeks, respectively. In seven of these cases, cartilage formation was found, in contrary to the controls in which only connective tissue and bone had grown into the empty holes. The new bioimplants have proven their effectiveness in cartilage defect repair and might evolve in the future as a new alternative treatment of full thickness defects of joint surfaces.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Gelenkknorpel gilt in der Regel als nicht regenerationsfähig. Bis jetzt durchgeführte Versuche zur Wiederherstellung des Gelenkknorpels, inklusive der Knorpelzelltransplantation, zeigten wenig erfolgversprechende Ergebnisse. Jedoch gibt es Hinweise, dass unter Druckbelastung mesenchymale Stammzellen sich in Knorpelzellen differenzieren können. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde ein offenporiges resorbierbares, zweischichtiges „Bioimplantat“ konstruiert, das nach Implantation in einen Knochen-Knorpel-Defekt die physiologischen Druckverhältnisse nachahmt und so eine Differenzierung von mesenchymalen Stammzellen zu hyalinem Knorpel ermöglicht. An 9 Kaninchen wurde dieses Bioimplantat an Knochenknorpeldefekten des Femurkondylus über 2 verschiedene Zeiträume erprobt und mit Leerlochversuchen verglichen. Durch die Bioimplantate gelang es im Gegensatz zu den Leerlochversuchen in 7 von 9 Fällen Bereiche mit hyalinartigem Knorpel zu induzieren. Die Methode scheint einen neuen erfolgsversprechenden Ansatz zur Reparation von Knorpeldefekten darzustellen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Severity of illness index ; Multiple organ failure ; Critically ill ; Morbidity ; Organ failure ; Outcome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the use of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, the total maximum SOFA (TMS) score, and a derived variable, the ΔSOFA (TMS score minus total SOFA score on day 1) in medical, cardiovascular patients as a means for describing the incidence and severity of organ dysfunction and the prognostic value regarding outcome. Design: Prospective, clinical study. Setting: Medical intensive care unit in a university hospital. Patients: A total of 303 consecutive patients were included (216 men, 87 women; mean age 62 ± 12.6 years; SAPS II 26.2 ± 12.7). They were evaluated 24 h after admission and thereafter every 24 h until ICU discharge or death between November 1997 and March 1998. Readmissions and patients with an ICU stay shorter than 12 h were excluded. Main outcome measure: Survival status at hospital discharge, incidence of organ dysfunction/failure. Interventions: Collection of clinical and demographic data and raw data for the computation of the SOFA score every 24 h until ICU discharge. Measurements and main results: Length of ICU stay was 3.7 ± 4.7 days. ICU mortality was 8.3 % and hospital mortality 14.5 %. Nonsurvivors had a higher total SOFA score on day 1 (5.9 ± 3.7 vs. 1.9 ± 2.3, p 〈 0.001) and thereafter until day 8. High SOFA scores for any organ system and increasing number of organ failures (SOFA score ≥ 3) were associated with increased mortality. Cardiovascular and neurological systems (day 1) were related to outcome and cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and admission from another ICU to length of ICU stay. TMS score was higher in nonsurvivors (1.76 ± 2.55 vs. 0.58 ± 1.39, p 〈 0.01), and ΔSOFA/total SOFA on day 1 was independently related to outcome. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.86 for TMS, 0.82 for SOFA on day 1, and 0.77 for SAPS II. Conclusions: The SOFA, TMS, and ΔSOFA scores provide the clinician with important information on degree and progression of organ dysfunction in medical, cardiovascular patients. On day 1 both SOFA score and TMS score had a better prognostic value than SAPS II score. The model is closely related to outcome and identifies patients who are at increased risk for prolonged ICU stay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 2 (1964), S. 87-104 
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei gesunden Normalpersonen wurde gammaspektrometrisch über die Gamma-Emission des im natürlichen Kalium enthaltenen Isotops K40 der Gesamtkörper kaliumgehalt gemessen. Der Mittelwert von GKK betrug bei Männern 1,68 gK/kg, bei Frauen 1,51 gK/kg mit einer Schwankungsbreite ≤± 15% (n=92). Die flammenphotometrisch gemessene Kaliumkonzentration im Plasma von Normalpersonen war 4,03 mäq/l±0,26, die gleichzeitig gemessene Kaliumkonzentration im Erythrozytensediment 90,9 mäq/l Sediment±2,6 (n=57). Bei gesunden Versuchspersonen wurden die drei genannten Kaliumparameter gleichzeitig gemessen und die Veränderung dieser Größen bei der durch ein Saluretikum verursachten experimentellen Kaliumverarmung verfolgt. Während einer Versuchsperiode von 7 Tagen nahm der Gesamtkörperkaliumgehalt bei Einnahme vonChlorthalidon (2×100 mg/Tag) im Mittel um 7,7%, die Kaliumkonzentration in Plasma bzw. Erythrozyten um 27,5% bzw. 3,1% ab. Erythrozyten stellen unter den hier gewählten Versuchsbedingungen ein Zellsystem dar, das qualitativ Änderungen der Kaliumkonzentration des intrazellulären Raumes anzeigt. Das Ausmaß des Kaliumverlustes ist jedoch bei anderen Zellsystemen größer, wie sich aufgrund der Bestimmung des Gesamtkörperkaliumgehaltes nachweisen läßt. Die Bedeutung der Bestimmung verschiedener Kaliumparameter beim Menschen für die klinische Beurteilung pathologischer Zustände wird diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 272 (1960), S. 84-84 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 199 (1964), S. 244-246 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A new polarographic cell is described, which is suitable for serial determinations. It has proved to be advantageous especially in the determination of lead, copper, and zinc in ores and similar matters.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein neues Elektrolysengefäß für polarographische Serienbestimmungen beschrieben, dessen Vorteile sich besonders bei der Bestimmung von Blei, Kupfer und Zink in Erzen und ähnlichen Stoffen erwiesen haben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 73 (1961), S. 409-409 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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