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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibitory Effect Of Reactive Oxygen Species On Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (Kininase II) (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Somatic angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) is a protein that contains two similar domains (N- and C-terminal), each possessing an active site. We have examined the effects of a generator of hydroxyl radicals (g•OH: 2,2′-azo-bis(2-amidinopropane)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on ACE using an in vitro approach.2. The generator of hydroxyl radicals inactivated ACE in a time (2–6 h)- and concentration (0.3–3 mmol/L)-dependent manner at 37°C. When ACE was coincubated for 4 h with g•OH (3 mmol/L), its activity decreased by 70%. Addition of dimethylthiourea or mannitol + methionine, two •OH scavengers, resulted in a significant protection of ACE activity. Mercaptoethanol and dithiotreitol, two thiol-reducing agents, also efficiently protected ACE activity.3. The hydrolysis of two natural and domain-specific substrates was explored. The hydrolysis of angiotensin I, preferentially cleaved by the C-domain, was significantly inhibited (57–58%) after 4 h exposure to g•OH (0.3–1 mmol/L). Under the same conditions of exposure, the hydrolysis of N-acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro, a specific substrate for the N-domain, was only slightly inhibited by 1 mmol/L g•OH.4. Hydrogen peroxide, another source of •OH, was used. After exposure to H2O2 (3 mmol/L; 4 h), an 89% decrease in ACE activity was observed. Pretreatment with the iron chelator deferoxamine (1 mmol/L) attenuated H2O2-mediated ACE inactivation, demonstrating that the effect of H2O2 was partly due to its conversion into •OH (Fenton reaction).5. In summary, our findings demonstrate that g•OH and H2O2 inhibit ACE activity and suggest a preferential action of g•OH on the C-domain of the enzyme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03419.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The control of the yeast H2O2 response by the Msn2/4 transcription factors (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Molecular microbiology 45 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We have analysed the contribution of the Msn2/4 transcription factors and the Ras-cAMP-proteine kinase A (PKA) pathway to the control of the yeast H2O2 response. Strains deleted for MSN2 and MSN4 are hypersensitive to H2O2, although they can still adapt to this oxidant. They are also unable to induce 27 proteins of the H2O2 stimulon as shown by quantitative two-dimensional gel analysis. This peculiar H2O2 tolerance defect, the nature of the proteins of the Msn2/4 regulon, and the partial overlap of this regulon with the Yap1 H2O2-response regulon, suggest an independent and distinctive role of these two H2O2 stress response pathways. A strain lacking PDE2, and therefore carrying high intracellular cAMP levels, is also hypersensitive to H2O2. In the presence of exogenous cAMP, this strain does not induce the entire H2O2 Msn2/4 regulon and some other proteins. This, and the normal H2O2 induction of a gene reporter under control of the Yap1 regulator when intracellular cAMP level are high, demonstrate that the Ras-cAMP pathway negatively affects the H2O2 stress response through Msn2/4. However, the high H2O2 sensitivity of a strain lacking the PKA-negative regulatory subunit Bcy1, is not only the consequence of the inhibition of Msn2/4 but also of Yap1 through a yet undefined mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03011.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical comparison of the effectiveness of novel sonic instruments and curettes for periodontal debridement after 2 months (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the effectiveness of scaling and root planing of new oscillating instruments (Periosonic®) using a sonic handpiece compared to hand curettes with a split mouth design after 2 months.Methods: 11 patients with adult periodontitis participated in this study. Plaque index (PII) (O’Leary), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), recession (REC) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded at baseline and 2 months after treatment. After oral hygiene instruction, 2 randomly assigned quadrants per patient were scaled and root planed with curettes (control side) and the remaining 2 quadrants with the Periosonic® instruments 1 and 2 (test side). The student t-test for paired data was used to test the significance of difference between test and control sides.Results: There was no statistical difference (p〉0.05) between the 2 sides for the improvement of the clinical parameters excepted for the group with initial PPD of 4–6 mm (test: 1.3±0.4 mm PPD reduction, control: 1.6±0.4 mm). For PPD 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:03036979:JCPE281209:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉7 mm, the test side had better clinical improvement in attachment levels (2.2±0.9 mm), less recession (−0.4±0.5 mm) with lower PPD reduction (2.4±0.6 mm) than the control side (AL: 1.6±1.8 mm; REC: −1.3±0.7 mm, PPD reduction: 3.0±1.4 mm).Conclusion: This clinical study demonstrated that Periosonic® instruments are clinically at least as effective as curettes in PPD reduction when initial PPD is 〈inlineGraphic alt="leqslant R: less-than-or-eq, slant" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:03036979:JCPE281209:les" location="les.gif"/〉6 mm and show better clinical attachment level improvement with less recession for initial PPD of 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:03036979:JCPE281209:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉7 mm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.2001.281209.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ATP-dependent reduction of cysteine–sulphinic acid by S. cerevisiae sulphiredoxin (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 425 (2003), S. 980-984 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Proteins contain thiol-bearing cysteine residues that are sensitive to oxidation, and this may interfere with biological function either as ‘damage’ or in the context of oxidant-dependent signal transduction. Cysteine thiols oxidized to sulphenic acid are generally unstable, either ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02075
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors limiting cold-water swimming distance while wearing personal floatation devices (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 82 (2000), S. 24-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Key words Accidental immersion ; Adiposity ; Aerobic capacity ; Cooling rate ; Rectal temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The influence of body adiposity, arm skinfold thickness, aerobic capacity, and cooling rate were studied in a mock survival swimming situation conducted in water at around 14 °C. Seventeen adult participants wore personal floatation devices on top of seasonal clothing and were asked to swim as far as they could, as if attempting to reach shore following an accidental immersion in cold water. Triceps and patellar skinfold thickness showed a significant correlation with distance covered (r=0.70 and 0.56, respectively), while abdominal skinfold and percent body fat showed no significant correlation. Maximum oxygen consumption (V˙O2max) was not significantly related to distance covered. There was a negative correlation between body cooling rate during the swimming period and distance covered. A multiple stepwise regression analysis, however, indicated that the only significant contributor to variance in the distance covered was the triceps skinfold thickness (r 2=0.49). It was concluded that for a healthy subject accidentally immersed in cold water, triceps skinfold thickness is a stronger predictor of the swimming distance covered than body adiposity, V˙O2max, or the drop in core temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004210050647
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Power requirements of gas-liquid agitated systems (1962)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 8 (1962), S. 262-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Power data for dispersion of air in liquids by means of a six-bladed flat blade turbine are presented in the form of a logarithmic plot of actual power consumed against a function of speed, impeller diameter, gas flow rate, and impeller power characteristics. The data are those of Michel (7), Bimbenet (2), Sachs (12), and Oyama and Endoh (10).Turbines of from 3- to 8-in. diameter were run in tanks of from 6.5- to 18-in. diameter, with the D/T never exceeding 0.47. The fluids tested covered a density range of 0.8 to 1.65 g./ml. and a viscosity range of 0.9 to 100 centipoises.Data are also presented on dispersion of air in a 50% by volume batch of carbon tetrachloride in water and dispersion of air in a suspension of Alundum particles in water, and compared with data on water in a similar system.The qualitative effect of a surface active agent is demonstrated in a comparison of data for a 0.1% by weight mixture of Pluronic L-62 in water with data for pure water with the same apparatus.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690080226
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maximal Isometric Muscle Strength: Normative Values and Gender-Specific Relation to Age (2000)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 19 (2000), S. 105-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Key words:Age dependence of strength – Gender specific strength – Maximal isometric muscle strength – Normative values – Pull gauge – Side-specific strength
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: To date, there have been very few studies on the age dependence of maximal isometric muscle strength (MIMS) in healthy subjects aged 20–80 years, based upon measurements of a large number of functional muscle groups (FMGs). Using a hand-held pull gauge it is possible to measure MIMS of nearly every FMG. The objectives of this study were to obtain normative values for MIMS, to evaluate differences in MIMS in relation to gender and body side and to compare the age dependence of muscle strength between women and men. In a convenience sample of 290 healthy women (aged 20–82 years) and 253 men (aged 21–79 years), MIMS of 51 FMGs was measured. For each FMG the age dependence of MIMS was depicted, side and gender specific, as percentile curves and was analysed using linear quantile regression analysis. MIMS was found to be significantly higher in men than in women and higher on the right than on the left side. A biphasic model with linear equations for strength medians was derived for each gender. The age at transition from phase 1 to phase 2 was 55 years (SD 8) for women and 49 years (SD 13) for men. During phase 1, MIMS did not decrease significantly. During phase 2, MIMS decreased in all FMGs in both genders with a steeper slope in women (−0.92) than in men (−0.63). The age dependence of MIMS differed significantly between women and men. The present study gives gender-specific equations which enable one to calculate normative values for MIMS, as measured with a pull gauge, based upon age. These normative values will allow an objective assessment of patients with diminished muscle strength as, for example, in myositis, rheumatoid arthritis and nerve root compression syndromes or in the elderly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100670050026
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