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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 23 (1988), S. 72-74 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 26 (1991), S. 71-71 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 21 (1986), S. 62-62 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The 1000 km long Ok Tedi/Fly River system receives about 66 Mt/year of mining waste from the Ok Tedi copper-gold porphyry mine. Mine input has increased the suspended sediment load of the Middle Fly River about 5–10 times over the natural background. A significant yet unknown amount of copper-rich material deposits unevenly in the extensive tropical lowland floodplain. Recent alluvial sediments of the Fly River floodplain have copper contents of 620 mg/kg (±1σ: 430–900), whereas the regional background is 40 mg/kg (±σ: 25–60). This pattern is mirrored and enhanced by the gold dispersal pattern with a 7 ppb Au background versus a 140–275 ppb population in mine-derived material. Very high deposition rates (around 4 cm/y) of mine-derived sediment were determined in locations close to the creeks and channels which link the Fly River with the outer floodplain. A thin layer of 1–5 cm of copper-rich material (400–900 mg/kg Cu) was usually found on the bottom of drowned (tributary) valley lakes. Average dissolved copper content in waters of the inner floodplain is around 9 μg/l (±1σ: 5–14) as compared to unpolluted water from the outer floodplain with 〈 2 μg/l Cu. The present Fly River water, about 600 km downstream of the mine site, has concentrations of 17 ± 3 μg/l dissolved Cu.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 35 (2000), S. 388-389 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 29 (1994), S. 366-371 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The 1.5 km-large hydrothermal system of Balya is characterized by three alteration styles which from the outer halo towards the center are: (i) propylitic alteration with the hydrothermal mineral assemblage of calcite-daphnite-albite-epidote-quartz-pyrite; (ii) argillic/phyllic alteration with the hydrothermal mineral assemblage of sericite/muscovite-kaolinite-rutile-quartz ± pyrite; (iii) advanced argillic alteration with the hydrothermal mineral assemblage of alunite-jarosite-kaolinite-quartz-sericite ± pyrite. Hornblende andesite is the protolith of the hydrothermal alteration system. Enrichment in Si, Sb and Rb, and depletion in Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, P, Ba, Sr, and Zn distinguishes the argillic/phyllic and advanced alteration types from propylitic alteration and the unaltered hornblende andesite protolith. REE distribution patterns indicate an essentially immobile behaviour of REEs during the alteration cycle. K-Ar age data for unaltered and hydrothermally altered rocks define a synchronous age of 25.3 ± 1.2 Ma for both igneous and hydrothermal activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Tourmaline alteration and high boron contents are typical features of the magmatic-hydrothermal systems of the Bolivian tin province. The average boron content in melt inclusions of quartz phenocrysts from tin porphyry systems is 225 ppm (1σ-variation range: 110–420 ppm; n=12) and suggests a magmatic boron input to the hydrothermal tin systems, and not shallow post-magmatic leaching of boron from pelitic country rocks. Boron data from melt inclusions correlate positively with cesium, rubidium and arsenic, and negatively with lithium, titanium and zirconium, and define magmatic fractionation trends. The generally high B, As, Cs and Li contents in melt inclusions suggest involvement of pelitic source lithologies undepleted in these fluid-mobile components, i.e. first-cycle metamorphic rocks. Magmatic fractionation modified the trace-element contents within a one-log-unit range. Bulk-rock Nd isotope data (ɛNd−5 to −10) are in agreement with the dominantly intracrustal geochemical signature of the Bolivian tin porphyry systems, but also imply a variable but minor mantle input. The metallogeny of the tin belt is likely a consequence of intracrustal melting of Lower Paleozoic pelitic and slightly carbonaceous source material, combined with an extended magmatic evolution. The long-lived thermal preparation of the root zones of the silicic systems is provided by mafic magma which also leaves a chemical imprint in the form of the hybrid dacitic bulk composition of the tin porphyry systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 20 (1985), S. 169-176 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A magmatic-hydrothermal model of tin ore formation can best explain the geological, petrographical and geochemical data on the strata-bound Kellhuani tin district. The tin specialization of the magmatic system of the Chacaltaya porphyry stock, centered in the Kellhuani mining area, is the result of advanced fractional crystallization. The regional tin background of the least fractionated members of the Cordillera Real granite series and of their sedimentary country rocks corresponds to average crustal tin contents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 29 (1994), S. 399-403 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Aqueous solutions with about 10 ppt195Au and [HCl] of 10−2.3 and 10−1.3 m were exposed to solid minerals for several months. The gold uptake with time was observed by time-stepped sampling and radiochemical Au analysis. Sorbants were polished thick sections of quartz, pyrite, pyrrhotite and elemental gold, as well as crushed grains and sawed mineral cubes of quartz and pyrite (all randomly oriented). The kinetics of gold sorption strongly varied with the surface area of the sorbents, the type of mineral and the pH of the solution. Mineral-specific differences in reaction rates were observed only at experimental pH values around 2.3, where sorption on pyrrhotite and elemental gold was much more rapid than by quartz and pyrite. At pH around 1.3 gold sorption was rapid on all minerals. This finding is thought to reflect the gold speciation, i.e. neutral hydroxo-gold complexes above pH 1.5, for which only chemisorption is possible, versus dominantly AuCl 4 − below pH 1.5, where unspecific electrostatic interaction enhances reaction rates with all protonated mineral surfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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