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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Value of the dynamic and delayed MR sequence with Gd-DTPA in the T-staging of stomach cancer: correlation with the histopathology (2000)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 25 (2000), S. 14-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Stomach, MR—Stomach, neoplasm—Stomach, staging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: To evaluate the usefulness of dynamic and delayed magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the T-staging of stomach cancer and to compare the enhancement pattern of the cancerous lesion and the normal wall. Methods: We performed MR imaging in 46 patients with stomach cancer (including four early gastric cancers and 42 advanced gastric cancers). Axial, sagittal, or coronal two-dimensional fast low-angle shot) MR images for the water-distended stomach were obtained with dynamic protocol, including precontrast images and images obtained 30, 60, 90, and 240–300 s after intravenous injection of the 0.1 mM Gd-DTPA/kg solution. We evaluated the thickness, interruption (or not) of the low signal intensity bands, and enhancement pattern of the cancerous wall and normal gastric wall. We prospectively evaluated the depth of cancer invasion, perigastric infiltration (extraserosal invasion), perigastric organ invasion, and regional lymph nodes and determined tumor staging on MR images. These MR evaluations including MR-determined staging were correlated with the surgicopathologic findings. Results: Stomach cancer was shown as having a thickened wall with a rapid enhancing pattern after intravenous Gd-DTPA administration. The mucosa (and/or submucosa) affected by stomach cancer showed an early enhancement pattern (30–90 s after Gd-DTPA administration) in 43 of 46 patients (93%). The normal gastric mucosa demonstrated a delayed peak enhancement pattern (〉90 s after Gd-DTPA administration) in 29 of 46 patients (63%) and variable enhancement pattern in 17 of 46 patients (37%). An interrupted low signal intensity band or highly enhanced tumorous lesion penetrating through the gastric wall was seen in 17 of 19 pT3 patients (90%). Consistency between MR-determined staging and surgicopathologic staging occurred in three of four pT1 tumors (75%), 10 of 13 pT2 tumors (77%), 17 of 19 pT3 tumors (90%), and eight of 10 pT4 tumors (80%); overall accuracy was 83%. Overall accuracy of regional lymph node involvement, as determined by enhanced MR, was 52%; 24 of 46 node groups were positive. Conclusions: Dynamic and delayed MR imaging can be useful for predicting depth of cancer invasion, perigastric infiltration (extraserosal invasion), and perigastric organ invasion by gastric cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s002619910003
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pedunculated exogastric leiomyoblastoma presenting as a wandering abdominal mass (2000)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 25 (2000), S. 545-547 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Stomach, CT—Stomach, neoplasms—Stomach, radiography—Stomach, US.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the imaging findings in a case of pedunculated exogastric leiomyoblastoma presenting as a wandering abdominal mass. Ultrasound and computed tomography showed a large, mixed solid and cystic mass in the peritoneal cavity. Computed tomography clearly showed that the mass was connected to the stomach by a narrow stalk. Small bowel follow-through showed subtle extrinsic indentation of the gastric body. The mass wandered from the right to the left side of the peritoneal cavity during various radiologic examinations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s002610000088
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fungal disease resistance of Caribbean sea fan corals (Gorgonia spp.) (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 136 (2000), S. 259-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An on-going, Caribbean-wide epizootic affecting sea fan corals (Gorgonia spp.) is caused by the fungus Aspergillus sydowii (Thom et Church). We examined the role of crude extracts in resistance of two species of sea fans, Gorgonia ventalina (L.) and G. flabellum (L.), against A. sydowii and a bacterial pathogen of fish, Listonella anguillarum (MacDonell et Colwell). Sea fans were collected in January 1997 from San Salvador, Bahamas, and in June 1997 and January 1998 from Alligator Reef, Florida Keys, USA. Crude extracts from both species were tested to determine concentrations inhibiting germination of A. sydowii spores. Crude extracts from both species inhibited spore germination at concentrations as low as 1.5 mg ml−1; most samples were active at 5 to 10 mg ml−1. These concentrations are within the range estimated in living tissue and were higher in healthy colonies suggesting their role in mediating disease susceptibility. We also detected within-colony gradients in antifungal activity, which varied with the disease state of the colony. In healthy sea fans, resistance was highest at colony edges and lowest in medial and central regions of the colony. Among sea fans with lesions in the colony center, resistance in tissue from proximal and medial regions was as high as tissue from the colony edge (i.e. distal region). The increase in antifungal activity suggests an inducible response by the coral host to the fungal pathogen. This response is most evident among sea fans with lesions in the colony center and not among colonies with lesions at the edge. Antibacterial activity of crude extracts against L. anguillarum was highest at the colony edge but did not vary with disease state or tissue location.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050684
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical resistance of gorgonian corals against fungal infections (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 137 (2000), S. 393-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The frequency and impact of diseases affecting corals throughout the Caribbean have been increasing but little is known about the factors promoting the emergence and outbreak of disease. A disease caused by a fungal pathogen [Aspergillus sydowii (Thom et Church)] which affects Caribbean sea fan corals provided an opportunity to examine the efficacy of coral crude extracts in disease resistance. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays showed that of the 20 common gorgonian species in the Florida Keys, extracts from 15 species had MICs 〈 15 mg ml−1 against A. sydowii pathogenic to sea fans. Extracts from several species in two gorgonian genera (Pseudoplexaura and Pseudopterogorgia) were among the most active, with MICs 〈 10 mg ml−1. Gorgonia ventalina L., one of two sea fan species known to be hosts to A. sydowii in the field, had an MIC 〈 10 mg ml−1, suggesting that complete disease resistance requires more active extracts. For the antifungal compounds to be effective in situ, they must also occur in sufficiently high concentrations in living coral tissue. For example, Pseudopterogorgia americana (Gmelin) had comparatively potent extracts but did not have sufficient concentrations in the tissue to be effective. Conversely, Plexaura homomalla Esper extracts were less potent but occurred in high enough concentrations in the tissue to be effective against A. sydowii. When potency and extract concentration are considered together (i.e. potency × concentration), several other gorgonian corals emerge as likely hosts to A. sydowii. Crude extracts from the most active gorgonian species were also effective against two geographic variants of A. sydowii pathogenic to sea fans, a non-pathogenic terrestrial strain of A. sydowii, and three strains of A. flavus Link known to be human, plant, and insect pathogens (MIC range, 7.5 to 〉 15 mg ml−1). Although the potency in these assays did not attain a clinically significant level, the potency is comparable to a known antifungal agent, hygromycin B, which had an MIC ≤7.5 mg ml−1 in our assays, highlighting the potential of these gorgonian corals for bioprospecting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270000333
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implementation and refinement of the modified-conductorlike screening quantum mechanical solvation model at the MP2 level (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 7511-7518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A modified conductorlike screening continuum solvation model, implemented in the quantum chemistry program GAMESS, has been extended to second order perturbation theory (MP2). Two possible schemes have been considered: (a) the calculation of the MP2 energy using the solvated Hartree–Fock (HF) orbitals, and (b) the implementation of a double-iterative procedure where the HF density is updated with respect to the MP2 surface charges. The influence of the self-consistency of the surface charge distribution with respect to the MP2 density has been analyzed for a small dataset of 21 neutral molecules and 13 ions. In addition, the details of the distribution of surface charge density (σ profiles) and the effects of electron correlation on the accuracy of such distributions is analyzed in terms of the overall concept of deviation of continuum models from dielectric theory, leading to insights into higher order models. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1313789
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ground state gas and solution phase conformational dynamics of polar processes: Furfural systems (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 7519-7529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The conductorlike continuum solvation model, modified for ab initio in the quantum chemistry program GAMESS, implemented at the Møller–Plesset Order 2 (MP2) level of theory has been applied to a group of push–pull pyrrole systems to illustrate the effects of donor/acceptor and solvation on the stability and energetics of such systems. The most accurate theoretical gas and solution phase data to date has been presented for the parent furan-2-carbaldehyde (furfural) system, and predictions made for three additional analogues, thiophene-2-carbaldehyde, pyrrole2-carbaldehyde, and, cyclopentadiene-1-carbaldehyde. Solvent effects on internal rotational barriers in all systems were evaluated over six different values of dielectric, using the new method. Calculated electrostatic energies are shown to be highly sensitive to level of theory incorporated. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1313790
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Immunological Assessment of Myosin Degradation in Pressurized Chicken Muscle (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 66 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : The factors affecting myosin degradation that occurred during aging following high-pressure treatment over a pressure range from 200 to 600 MPa were investigated by using SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting analysis. The immunoblot pattern of myosin in muscle stored at 37°C for 48 h after pressure treatment at 0. 1 MPa (atmospheric pressure) or 200 MPa for 5 min was similar to that of native myosin incubated with cathepsin D, whereas at 400 or 600 MPa the pattern was close to that of native myosin incubated with cathepsin B. This phenomenon was reflected in the pressure-susceptibilities of cathepsins B and D as reported in the literature (Homma and others 1994). However, these catheptic enzymes released by pressure treatment are unlikely to play a role in pressure-induced tenderization of meat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb16092.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monitoring Myosin Degradation During Conditioning in Chicken Meat Using an Immunological Method (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 66 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Changes of chicken breast myosin during storage at 2°C and 37°C were monitored immunochemically. Anti-myosin subfragment-1 (S-1) monoclonal antibody, which recognized epitopes within the 27 kDa fragment of S-1, and the anti-myosin rod polyclonal antiserum, were prepared. Myosin degradation products were not detected in muscle extracts stored for 3 weeks at 2°C. In contrast, storage at 37°C brought about the degradation of myosin heavy chain to immunologically detectable small fragments. While, myosin rod produced during the conditioning period was not decomposed into any small filaments. Namely, storage of muscle at 37°C resulted in minor amounts of myosin heavy chain degradation, with initial conversion to rod and S-1 fragments, and subsequent breakdown occurred in the S-1 region only. Immunoblot assay also suggested that the pattern of changes in myosin heavy chain in muscle incubated at 37°C was similar to that produced by in vitro digestion with cathepsin D.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb16091.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discharge characteristics of a long pulse ion source for the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research neutral beam system : The 8th international conference on ion sources (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 1140-1143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The discharge characteristics of a prototype ion source for the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research neutral beam system, which has been developed to meet the specification of 120 keV and 65 A beam during 300 s, were investigated. The relationships between the operation conditions, such as the filament current, the arc current (up to 1200 A), the pressure of the ion source, and the measured plasma parameters were studied, and the possibility of steady-state operation was checked. Langmuir probes were used in measuring the plasma parameters and the density distributions. The hydrogen ion density was 2.0×1011 cm−3, the electron temperature was lower than 5 eV, and the plasma uniformity around the bucket was within 30% in the optimum operation conditions. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150409
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of chemokines in asthmatic airway inflammation (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Immunological reviews 177 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-065X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-065X.2000.17707.x
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