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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Value of the dynamic and delayed MR sequence with Gd-DTPA in the T-staging of stomach cancer: correlation with the histopathology (2000)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 25 (2000), S. 14-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Stomach, MR—Stomach, neoplasm—Stomach, staging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: To evaluate the usefulness of dynamic and delayed magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the T-staging of stomach cancer and to compare the enhancement pattern of the cancerous lesion and the normal wall. Methods: We performed MR imaging in 46 patients with stomach cancer (including four early gastric cancers and 42 advanced gastric cancers). Axial, sagittal, or coronal two-dimensional fast low-angle shot) MR images for the water-distended stomach were obtained with dynamic protocol, including precontrast images and images obtained 30, 60, 90, and 240–300 s after intravenous injection of the 0.1 mM Gd-DTPA/kg solution. We evaluated the thickness, interruption (or not) of the low signal intensity bands, and enhancement pattern of the cancerous wall and normal gastric wall. We prospectively evaluated the depth of cancer invasion, perigastric infiltration (extraserosal invasion), perigastric organ invasion, and regional lymph nodes and determined tumor staging on MR images. These MR evaluations including MR-determined staging were correlated with the surgicopathologic findings. Results: Stomach cancer was shown as having a thickened wall with a rapid enhancing pattern after intravenous Gd-DTPA administration. The mucosa (and/or submucosa) affected by stomach cancer showed an early enhancement pattern (30–90 s after Gd-DTPA administration) in 43 of 46 patients (93%). The normal gastric mucosa demonstrated a delayed peak enhancement pattern (〉90 s after Gd-DTPA administration) in 29 of 46 patients (63%) and variable enhancement pattern in 17 of 46 patients (37%). An interrupted low signal intensity band or highly enhanced tumorous lesion penetrating through the gastric wall was seen in 17 of 19 pT3 patients (90%). Consistency between MR-determined staging and surgicopathologic staging occurred in three of four pT1 tumors (75%), 10 of 13 pT2 tumors (77%), 17 of 19 pT3 tumors (90%), and eight of 10 pT4 tumors (80%); overall accuracy was 83%. Overall accuracy of regional lymph node involvement, as determined by enhanced MR, was 52%; 24 of 46 node groups were positive. Conclusions: Dynamic and delayed MR imaging can be useful for predicting depth of cancer invasion, perigastric infiltration (extraserosal invasion), and perigastric organ invasion by gastric cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s002619910003
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transrectal color Doppler ultrasonography for postejaculation hematuria (1996)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 21 (1996), S. 551-553 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Postejaculation hematuria—Transrectal color Doppler ultrasonography.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A case involving an adult man with postejaculation hematuria (PEH) is described. We used transrectal color Doppler ultrasonography to evaluate periprostatic or intraprostatic vascular anomalies. We confirmed a vascular anomaly by angiography and embolized it. Periprostatic vascular anomaly may be a cause of PEH, and color Doppler ultrasonography is helpful for the initial studies of this entity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900125
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion in three different dislocations in an fcc crystal (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 4491-4493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A theoretical study is made of dislocation pipe self-diffusion in an fcc crystal for three differing dislocation structures to ascertain the correlation factor, diffusivity, and mobility in an electric field. The three structures may be described as a pure edge dislocation with the usual Burgers vector b=a/2[110]. The other two are mixed dislocations with b=a[01¯0] and either a line sense of ξ=a[100] or ξ=a[101]. The latter two are similar to an edge-type dislocation and are formed by the removal of one-half of a (010) plane of atoms whose edge follows these directions. It is found that very little difference exists in the transport processes in these three structures. Thus, although the latter two dislocations have a major screw character in the sense of a mixed dislocation, the transport is dominated by the edge character which in turn is controlled by the binding energy of the vacancy to the core. Additionally, the ratio of the mobility to diffusivity in an electric field is proportional to the reciprocal of the correlation factor as found in the past for other self-diffusion situations, and these authors conclude that such a result is an unprovable axiom of correlated crystalline transport.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341274
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential in vivo cytokine mRNA expression in lesional skin of intrinsic vs. extrinsic atopic dermatitis patients using semiquantitative RT-PCR (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background A small subgroup of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients with normal serum IgE levels and without specific IgE sensitization has been termed ‘intrinsic type of AD’ (ADi) as a counterpart to the term ‘extrinsic type of AD’ (ADe). However, there are neither molecular markers nor clinically diagnostic tools for distinguishing between ADi and ADe.Objective The present studies were undertaken to clarify the pathogenesis and in vivo cytokine micromilieu of ADi patients in comparison with ADe patients.Methods We used semiquantitative RT-PCR to investigate the expression of various cytokines and assessed the tissue eosinophil counts in skin biopsies from both types of AD patients.Results Although there was no significant difference of cellular infiltrates in the lesional skin between ADe and ADi patients, ADe had significantly increased tissue eosinophilia than ADi. Based on our RT-PCR, the expression patterns of cytokines could be categorized into four groups. The first group includes IL-5, IL-13, and IL-1β, whose levels of mRNA expression were higher in both types of AD patients than non-atopic (NA) subjects, while ADe patients had even higher levels than ADi patients. The second group includes interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), IL-12, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-4, and IL-10, whose levels of mRNA expression were elevated in both types of AD patients without differences between ADe and ADi patients. The third group includes tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), whose mRNA expression was more decreased in both types of AD patients than NA, and the fourth group includes IL-6 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), which did not show any differences among the three groups.Conclusion These current data demonstrate that the expressions of cytokines IL-5, IL-13, and IL-1β mRNA and the number of dermal infiltrating eosinophils are increased in ADe patients compared with ADi patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2003.01782.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histopathological parameters determining lesion colours in the naevus of Ota: a morphometric study using computer-assisted image analysis (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 150 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Naevus of Ota manifests various colours ranging from light brown to blue. Naevus colours have been claimed to reflect the depth of melanin pigments but the claim has rarely been substantiated by quantitative studies.Objectives  We attempted both quantitative and qualitative analyses of the naevus of Ota to find out relations between histological patterns or parameters of melanin/melanocytes and lesion colours.Methods  Lesion colours were determined by one of the authors and were confirmed by a separate panel of dermatologists. Forty biopsy specimens of naevus of Ota were evaluated by both computer-assisted quantitative image analysis and a previously proposed conventional pattern analysis.Results  The mean area fraction (AFmean) of melanin, the depth of the maximum area fraction of melanin (level of AFmax) and the depth of the deepest infiltrating melanocyte were significantly greater or deeper for bluish lesions than brownish lesions. Based on the qualitative pattern analysis we found that all the brownish lesions demonstrated superficial dermal melanin pigments, whereas bluish lesions tended to show more heterogeneous histological patterns. Eyelid lesions, all of which were bluish, revealed greater AFmean value than cheek lesions, presenting as either brownish or bluish colours.Conclusions  Quantitative analysis indicated that pigment density measures such as AFmean could be as important as the depth of melanocytes in the explanation of the lesion colours in naevus of Ota. However, qualitative pattern analysis failed to link specific patterns with lesion colours, especially in bluish lesions, probably due to the lack of consideration of the pigment density.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.05902.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazines. IV. Aromatic substitution reactions (1975)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 40 (1975), S. 3373-3375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00911a013
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazines. V. Electrophilic addition, a novel Reissert-like reaction (1975)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 40 (1975), S. 3376-3378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00911a014
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional calculation of eddy currents on external conducting walls induced by low-n external modes (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 735-742 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The results of two-dimensional calculations of eddy currents induced on external conducting walls surrounding a tokamak are reported. The computed eddy currents are generated by low-n (n=1,2,3) external ideal-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities. For a given toroidal mode number n the eddy current patterns are found to be very similar in a variety of plasma configurations, e.g., different edge safety factors and different plasma–wall separation distances, in high beta plasmas. This result is promising for the design of active feedback coils for the stabilization of the resistive wall mode. Also, the effects of having a partial wall that has a poloidal gap on the outboard side are considered. Using the expected gap size in the proposed Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) ["The KSTAR tokmak," in Proceedings of the 17th Symposium on Fusion Engineering, San Diego, 1997 (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, in press), Paper No. O3.1], the calculation shows that active coils mounted behind the partial walls (the KSTAR passive plates) cover an adequate portion of the eddy current dominant region, enabling feedback stabilization. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872760
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistive wall mode in rotating plasma with multiple walls (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 4098-4100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Resistive wall kink mode is studied in cylindrical plasma that is surrounded by two resistive walls. The outer wall is regarded as active coils for feedback stabilization, which can be made to fake-rotate. The impact of plasma rotation on such a scheme is investigated. It is found that plasma rotation at some sufficient rate can destabilize the resistive wall mode, which would otherwise remain stable by the fake-rotating coil feedback scheme. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873132
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of nonzero dawn–dusk magnetic field component on particle acceleration in three-dimensional geomagnetic reconnection (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 4163-4173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The acceleration of protons is investigated by tracing their trajectories in the electric and magnetic fields obtained from a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation of local magnetic reconnection. The magnetic reconnection is induced by imposing a localized anomalous resistivity in two different initial configurations, the first one without a By component and the second with a positive By superimposed in the two-dimensional Harris field lying in the xz plane. Applying the trajectory calculations to the geotail condition, the previously published results have been mostly recovered for the By=0 case. For the nonzero By case, remarkable asymmetry about the z=0 plane appears in the trajectories, and the pitch angle and spatial dependencies of energy gain. For the particles found above the z=0 plane at the earthward edge from the X-line, results are similar to those in the By=0 case, while they are quite different for the particles found below the z=0 plane. The trajectories of the particles exiting the simulation domain below the z=0 plane are much more complicated than those of the particles exiting above the z=0 plane. Consequently, the duskward skewness of the energy gain, which is well defined above the z=0 plane, is no longer a general and robust feature below the z=0 plane. It is expected that this up–down asymmetry appears not only in the geotail condition but also in other systems as long as the symmetry about the reconnection current sheet plane breaks down by the presence of By, i.e., the magnetic field component aligned with the X-line. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1387474
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