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  • 2000-2004  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current density functional theory for optical spectra: A polarization functional (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 115 (2001), S. 1995-1999 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper we present a new approach to calculate optical spectra, which for the first time uses a polarization dependent functional within current density functional theory (CDFT), which was proposed by Vignale and Kohn [Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 2037 (1996)]. This polarization dependent functional includes exchange-correlation (xc) contributions in the effective macroscopic electric field. This functional is used to calculate the optical absorption spectrum of several common semiconductors. We achieved in all cases good agreement with experiment. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1385370
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidemiology of acne in the general population: the risk of smoking (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 145 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Acne is a common skin disorder, but epidemiological data from the general population obtained by examination are scarce. Clinical experience suggests an association between smoking and acne, although confirmatory evidence from appropriate studies is lacking.Objectives To determine the prevalence and demographic factors of acne in a general population sample and to investigate the association of smoking and acne on a qualitative and quantitative level.Methods In a cross-sectional study, 896 citizens (aged 1–87 years, median 42) of the City of Hamburg were dermatologically examined. The prevalence and severity of acne were recorded and further information on demographic variables, medical history, and alcohol and cigarette consumption were obtained by a standardized interview.Results According to the clinical examination, acne was present in 26·8% overall, and was more prevalent in men (29·9%) than women (23·7%) (odds ratio, OR 1·37, 95% confidence interval, CI 1·01–1·87). Prevalence followed a significant linear trend over age with peak prevalence between 14 and 29 years (P 〈 0·001). The reported age at onset was significantly lower in women than men (P = 0·015). According to multiple logistic regression analyses acne prevalence was significantly higher in active smokers (40·8%, OR 2·04, 95% CI 1·40–2·99) as compared with non-smokers (25·2%). A significant linear relationship between acne prevalence and number of cigarettes smoked daily was obtained (trend test: P 〈 0·0001). In addition, a significant dose-dependent relationship between acne severity and daily cigarette consumption was shown by linear regression analysis (P = 0·001).Conclusions Smoking is a clinically important contributory factor to acne prevalence and severity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04290.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early selection for extreme resistance to potato virus Y and tobacco etch virus in potato using a β-glucuronidase-tagged virus (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 119 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The Rysto gene from Solanum stoloniferum introduced into potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L. ssp. tuberosum) confers resistance to potato virus A, potato virus V and potato virus Y (PVY). In addition to PVY, tobacco etch virus (TEV) and a TEV construct that encodes β-glucuronidase (TEV-GUS) were inoculated to determine the inheritance of resistance to these viruses in progenies obtained from potato cultivars containing the Rysto gene. While cultivars ‘Karlena’ and ‘Delikat’ were susceptible, ‘Bettina’ and clone 927eY were resistant to PVY, TEV and TEV-GUS, as determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, biotest and GUS assay, respectively. The segregation ratios obtained from the progenies of ‘Bettina’בDelikat’ and 816eY בKarlena’ indicate that resistances to PVY and TEV are governed by one dominant gene or two genes tightly linked in coupling phase. Evidently, Rysto confers broad spectrum resistance to potyviruses. TEV resistance could be reliably detected 4 days after inoculation with the TEV-GUS construct by GUS assay. Therefore, the GUS-tagged TEV construct can be used for early selection for resistances based on the gene Rysto or closely linked genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00485.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Host defense against Pseudomonas aeruginosa requires ceramide-rich membrane rafts (2003)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 9 (2003), S. 322-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is a serious complication in patients with cystic fibrosis and in immunocompromised individuals. Here we show that P. aeruginosa infection triggers activation of the acid sphingomyelinase and the release of ceramide in sphingolipid-rich rafts. Ceramide reorganizes ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm823
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Green's function for steady-state heat conduction in a bimaterial composite solid (2000)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 25 (2000), S. 627-634 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The derivation of a Green's function for steady-state heat conduction in anisotropic bimaterials is presented. The Green's function is obtained through a Fourier representation to obtain both free-space, singular parts and region-dependent, regular parts. To obtain the region-dependent parts of the Green's function, the homogeneous solution is written using the virtual force method. Full details of the necessary inversion integrals are provided. The Green's function is shown to degenerate to the usual logarithmic potential for steady-state heat conduction in isotropic solids. The normal derivatives necessary for implementation of the Green's function in boundary integral equations are provided, and an example calculation of the Green's function in a quartz-copper material system is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004660050509
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rolipram does not normalize very long-chain fatty acid levels in adrenoleukodystrophy protein-deficient fibroblasts and mice (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease 23 (2000), S. 615-624 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In its severe form, X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a lethal neurodegenerative disorder with inflammatory demyelination, in which defective peroxisomal β-oxidation causes accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) in tissues and plasma, in particular in the nervous system and adrenal glands. Recently, several drugs have been reported to reduce VLCFA in cultured human fibroblasts of X-ALD patients, and therefore to be potential candidates for novel therapeutic treatments in X-ALD. Among the most promising of these substances is the antidepressant rolipram, because of favourable adverse event profile in clinical studies and its additionally reported anti-inflammatory action. To further elucidate the effects of rolipram on peroxisomal β-oxidation and VLCFA accumulation, we administered rolipram orally in the diet to ALD protein-deficient mice and ALD protein-deficient cultured human and mouse fibroblasts and assayed the accumulation of VLCFA. In contrast to the previously reported reduction of VLCFA, our data did not demonstrate a decrease in VLCFA content either in vivo or in vitro. NMR spectroscopic analysis verified the structural integrity and purity of the rolipram used here, thus excluding inauthenticity as a reason for the discrepancy. We therefore suggest that rolipram should be excluded from the current list of potential therapeutic agents for X-ALD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005686114356
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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