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  • 2000-2004  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Engineering computations 19 (2002), S. 92-118 
    ISSN: 0264-4401
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Technology
    Notes: Because of the unrealistic demand of computer resources in terms of memory and CPU times for the direct numerical simulation of practical peen forming processes, a two-stage combined finite/discrete element and explicit/implicit solution strategy is proposed in this paper. The procedure involves, at the first stage, the identification of the residual stress/strain profile under particular peening conditions by employing the combined finite/discrete approach on a small scale sample problem, and then at the second stage, the application of this profile to the entire workpiece to obtain the final deformation and stress distribution using an implicit static analysis. The motivation behind the simulation strategy and the relevant computational and implementation issues are discussed. The numerical example demonstrates the ability of the proposed scheme to simulate a peen forming process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Engineering computations 17 (2000), S. 593-620 
    ISSN: 0264-4401
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Technology
    Notes: In the first part of this series of papers on the combined finite/discrete element simulation of shot peening processes, different contact interaction laws for 2D cases are extensively studied with special attention given to the proper selection of the parameter values involved, which is one of the key issues for successful direct simulation. In addition, computational issues including contact forces, partial contact, energy dissipation, and rheological representation are addressed. Numerical examples for a single shot impact system simulated by the coupled finite/discrete element method using different interaction laws are provided to verify the proposed approaches. The results are also compared with those obtained by using only finite element methods. Findings obtained by performing 2D simulations will, in the subsequent article, be used in realistic computational simulations of 3D shot peening processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Engineering computations 17 (2000), S. 680-702 
    ISSN: 0264-4401
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Technology
    Notes: Following earlier work on the combined finite/discrete element simulation of shot peening process in 2D case, 3D representation of the problem is established with respect to DE modelling and contact interaction laws. An important relevant computational issue regarding the critical time step is carefully studied, and a new time stepping scheme that can ensure both short and long term stability of the contact models is developed. Numerical tests are performed to evaluate the proposed normal and frictional contact interaction laws with various model parameters. The influences of single and multiple shot impact, as well as element sizes are also numerically investigated. The established contact interaction laws can also be applied to other multi-body dynamic simulations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Poplar ; Populus ; Aspen ; Cottonwood ; Transformation ; Agrobacterium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We describe a protocol for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of hybrid cottonwoods (Populus sections Tacamahaca Spach. and Aigeiros Duby). The protocol has allowed routine transformation of several economically important cottonwood hybrids (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray×P. deltoides Bartr. ex. Marsh. and P. deltoides×P. nigra L.) that were previously difficult to transform. The procedure was applied to 11 different hybrid cottonwood genotypes and one P. deltoides genotype using kanamycin as the selection agent. Additional experiments showed a very strong interaction between auxin preculture and the effectiveness of various cytokinins for induction of shoot organogenesis. The data also demonstrated the superiority of Agrobacterium strain EHA105 over C58 and LBA4404 for T-DNA transfer based on transient assays with a reporter gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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