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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mobility of some potentially toxic trace elements in the coal of Guizhou, China (2000)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 39 (2000), S. 372-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Coal Potentially toxic trace elements ; Speciation ; Mobility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  The mobility of 10 potentially toxic trace elements (PTTE), As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Se, Tl, and Zn from 32 coals of the Longtan Group formed in Permian Period in Guizhou Province, China was investigated using sequential extraction procedures. The results demonstrate that PTTEs such as Hg, As, Se, Cd, Cu, and Pb have the highest mobility at surface conditions, and the average extractable fractions of them are 86%, 95%, 79%, 76%, 69%, and 69% of the total amount in coal, respectively. The elements in coal with the lowest leachability include Tl, Cr, and Ni, and the average extractable fractions of them are 30%, 20%, and 29% of the total amount in coal respectively. Zinc has an intermediate behavior, and the average leachable fraction of it accounts for 46% of the total amount in coal. The results demonstrate that mobility of PTTE in coal depends on the speciation of these elements. The elements associated with sulfates, carbonates, sulfides and some organic matter in coal show the highest extraction rates during the weathering process, while elements with silicate affinities are inert at surface conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540050016
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soil-released carbon dioxide from microbial biomass carbon in the cultivated soils of karst areas of southwest China (2000)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 31 (2000), S. 422-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Microbial biomass carbon ; Soil-released carbon dioxide ; Karst areas ; Southwest China ; Ultisols
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Soil microbial biomass and the emission of CO2 from the soil surface were measured in yellow soils (Ultisols) of the karst areas of southwest China. The soils are relatively weathered, leached and impoverished, and have a low input of plant residues. The measurements were made for a 1-year period and show a reciprocal relationship between microbial biomass and surface CO2 efflux. The highest (42.6±2.8 mg CO2-C m–2 h–1) and lowest (15.6±0.6 mg CO2-C m–2 h–1) CO2 effluxes are found in the summer and winter, respectively. The cumulative CO2 efflux is 0.24 kg CO2-C m–2 year–1. There is also a marked seasonal variation in the amount of soil microbial biomass carbon, but with the highest (644±71 μg C g–1 soil) and lowest (270±24 μg C g–1 soil) values occurring in the winter and summer, respectively. The cumulative loss of soil microbial biomass carbon in the top 10 cm of the soil was 608 μg C g–1 year–1 soil over 17 sampling times. The mean residence time of microbial biomass is estimated at 105 days, suggesting that the carbon in soil microbial biomass may act as a source of the CO2 released from soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003749900189
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Derivation of a pluripotent embryonic cell line from red sea bream blastulas (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 63 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A pluripotent cell line, sea bream embryonic stem-like cells (SBES1), was developed from blastula-stage embryos of the cultured red sea bream, Chrysophrys major. The SBES1 cells were cultivated in Dulbecco's modified eagles medium (DMEM) medium supplemented with foetal bovine serum, marine fish serum, fish embryo extract, selenium, basic fibroblast growth factor and leukemia inhibitory factor. They were small and round or polygonal, and grew actively and stabely in culture. The cells exhibited a positive alkaline phosphatase activity upon histochemical staining. When the cells were treated with all-trans retinoic acid, they differentiated into various types including neuron-like, neuroglia-like and muscle-like cells, suggesting that the SBES1 cells remained pluripotent in culture. Chromosome analysis revealed that SBES1 cells had a normal diploid karyotype with 2n = 2st + 46t. At present, SBES1 cells have been cultured for 〉180 days with more than 60 passages. High survival rate has been obtained after cryopreservation of cell cultures. This embryonic cell line may potentially be used for the production of transgenic red sea bream.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00192.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Haemodynamic effects of a milrinone infusion without a bolus in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The haemodynamic effects of a continuous infusion of milrinone without an initial bolus dose were evaluated in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. After internal mammary artery harvest, milrinone 0.5 μg.min−1.kg−1 (29 patients) or a normal saline infusion (33 patients) was started and continued until all graft anastomoses were completed. Haemodynamic variables were recorded before application of the tissue stabiliser, at 1, 3, 5 and 10 min after the application of the stabiliser, and after its removal. The administration of a milrinone infusion was associated with a smaller decrease in cardiac output and mixed venous oxygen saturation during all the coronary artery anastomoses, with no severe complications and a decreased dose of norepinephrine infused to maintain systemic arterial pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.03659.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of phenylephrine and norepinephrine in patients with chronic pulmonary hypertension* (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In this study the effect of phenylephrine and norepinephrine for the treatment of systemic hypotension were evaluated in patients with chronic pulmonary hypertension. When systemic hypotension (systolic arterial pressure 〈 100 mmHg) occurred following induction of anaesthesia, either phenylephrine or norepinephrine were infused in a random manner to raise the systolic blood pressure by 30% and 50% above baseline values. Norepinephrine decreased the ratio of pulmonary arterial pressure to systemic blood pressure without a change in cardiac index. However, phenylephrine did not increase arterial blood pressure by more than 30% from baseline in one-third of patients and decreased cardiac index without a significant decrease in ratio of pulmonary arterial pressure to systemic blood pressure. These vasoconstrictors showed different systemic and pulmonary haemodynamic effects in patients with chronic pulmonary hypertension as compared to acute pulmonary hypertension. Norepinephrine was considered to be preferable to phenylephrine for the treatment of hypotension in patients with chronic pulmonary hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2002.02324.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between micropapillary component and micrometastasis in the regional lymph nodes of patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 45 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims:  To determine whether a micropapillary component is a prognostic predictor, with particular reference to nodal micrometastasis, in patients with stage I lung adenocarcinomas.Methods and results:  Thirty-five cases with stage I lung adenocarcinomas, obtained from lobectomies or pneumonectomies, and 434 dissected hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes, were retrospectively reviewed. A micropapillary component and nodal micrometastasis were found in 16 (45.7%) and 14 (40%) of the 35 cases, respectively, with nodal micrometastasis in 24 (5.5%) of the 434 lymph nodes, in an immunohistochemical study using an anti-cytokeratin antibody. Ten (62.5%) of the 16 cases with a micropapillary component, and four (21.1%) of the remaining 19 cases, showed nodal micrometastases (P = 0.014). Kaplan–Meier survival curves demonstrated that there was no significant difference between the cases with and without a micropapillary component (P = 0.28). However, the 5 years' survival of the cases with and without nodal micrometastases were 71.4% and 35.7%, respectively (P = 0.03).Conclusions:  A micropapillary component may be a manifestation of aggressive behaviour, as shown by frequent micrometastasis, for stage I lung adenocarcinomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.2004.01953.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reply to the Editor (2004)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 15 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.2004.t01-1-03525.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of Strawberry crinkle virus in plants and aphids by RT-PCR using conserved L gene sequences (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 51 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: About 10% of the large (L) protein gene of Strawberry crinkle virus (SCV) was sequenced after amplification with degenerate primers designed to conserved regions of the rhabdovirus L protein. The virus sequence was extended to 1362 nucleotides through rapid amplification of cDNA ends. One pair of degenerate L gene primers amplified a 683-bp fragment from four different isolates of SCV cultured in the experimental host Physalis pubescens; the nucleotide sequences of these fragments differed by 〈 1% to 10% indicating the suitability of this region as a diagnostic target. This information enabled the development of a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection method for SCV using primers designed to the L gene sequence. SCV was amplified from infected P. pubescens (573 bp fragment) and from infected Chaetosiphon fragaefolii aphids (770 bp fragment). SCV was also detected by RT-PCR in total RNA extracts from three strawberry plants showing symptoms typical of SCV infection but failed when the intensity of the disease symptoms decreased. However, both SCV positive-sense RNA, and negative-sense genomic RNA, were detected by nested PCR in chronically infected strawberry plants sampled in September.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2002.00725.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wavelength switching by positively detuned side-mode injection in semiconductor lasers (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 3170-3172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The experimental observation of a side-mode resonance regime in intermodal injection of a Fabry–Pérot semiconductor laser is reported. It is shown that wavelength switching can be easily affected by the use of positively detuned side-mode injection. Nearly degenerate four-wave mixing is observed in both positive and negative detuning regimes. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126619
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flexibility and passive resistance of the hamstrings of young adults using two different static stretching protocols (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 11 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0838
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: This investigation determined the effects of a static stretching program with different stretching protocols on the flexibility and passive resistance of the hamstrings of young adults. Forty healthy subjects (24 males and 16 females) aged 18 to 30 years were randomly assigned to one of four groups. The two training groups underwent static stretch training of the hamstrings either with a four-week protocol or with an eight-week protocol. The other two groups acted as control groups. A significant increase in flexibility of hamstrings was found in both of the two training groups (P〈0.05). No difference was found in the range of motion gained between the two training groups. An increase in passive resistance at the corresponding maximal joint angle was only demonstrated in the four-week training group (P〈0.05). Both protocols are effective in terms of improving flexibility of hamstrings. However, if injury is reduced when there is relatively lower passive resistance at the end-of-range, then the eight-week training regimen would be recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0838.2001.011002081.x
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