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  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influenza virus infection in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy: a clinical and seroepidemiological study (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 107 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To determine whether maternal influenza virus infection in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy results in transplacental transmission of infection, maternal auto-antibody production or an increase in complications of pregnancy.Design Case-control cohort study.Population Study and control cohorts were derived from 3975 women who were consecutively delivered at two Nottingham teaching hospitals between May 1993 and July 1994. A complete set of three sera was available for 1659 women.Methods Paired maternal ante- and postnatal sera were screened for a rise in anti-influenza virus antibody titre by single radial haemolysis and haemagglutination inhibition. Routine obstetric data collected during and after pregnancy were retrieved from the Nottingham obstetric database. Cord samples were tested for the presence of IgM anti-influenza antibodies, and postnatal infant sera were tested for the persistence of influenza-virus specific IgG. Paired antenatal and postnatal sera were tested against a standard range of auto-antigens by immunofluorescence.Main outcome measures Classification of women as having definite serological evidence of an influenza virus infection in pregnancy (cases) or as controls.Results Intercurrent influenza virus infections were identified in 182/1659 (11.0%) pregnancies. None of 138 cord sera from maternal influenza cases was positive for influenza A virus specific IgM. IgG anti-influenza antibodies did not persist in any of 12 infant sera taken at age 6–12 months. Six of 172 postnatal maternal sera from cases of influenza were positive for auto-antibodies. In all cases the corresponding antenatal serum was also positive for the same auto-antibody. There were no significant differences in pregnancy outcome measures between cases and controls. Overall, there were significantly more complications of pregnancy in the cases versus the controls, but no single type of complication achieved statistical significance.Influenza infection in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy is a relatively common event. We found no evidence for transplacental transmission of influenza virus or auto-antibody production in pregnancies complicated by influenza infections. There was an increase in the complications of pregnancy in our influenza cohort.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11621.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of gestational diabetes on junctional adhesion molecules in human term placental vasculature (2000)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 43 (2000), S. 1185-1196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Endothelium ; VE-cadherin ; β-catenin ; occludin ; ZO ; 1 ; gestational diabetes ; placenta
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether gestational diabetes mellitus, which occurs in the microvascular remodelling phase of placental development, causes alterations in surface expression of tight and adherens junctional molecules involved in endothelial barrier function and angiogenesis. Methods. Term placenta, delivered by elective Caesarian section, from normal pregnancy (n = 5) and those complicated by gestational diabetes (n = 5) were perfusion-fixed and analysed by indirect immunofluorescence and confocal scanning microscopy. Using systematic random sampling, the surface expression of endothelial junctional proteins and the relative incidences of immunostained vessels were compared between the two study groups. Total vessel lengths were measured by stereological techniques. Results. The adherens junctional molecules, vascular-endothelial cadherin and β-catenin, and the tight junctional molecules, occludin and zonula occludens-1 were localised to paracellular clefts in both study groups. The diabetic placentae showed pronounced reductions in the intensity of immunofluorescence and in the number of immuno-positive vessels. A corresponding statistically significant increase (from 19 % to 56 %) in the percentage of vessels showing junctional anti-phosphotyrosine immunoreactivity was found. The differences observed represented real changes in the absolute lengths of immunostained regions along the vessels. The stereological measurements failed to detect any statistically significant change in the combined length of fetal vessels in gestational diabetic placenta. Conclusion/interpretation. Our results suggest that even short duration diabetic insult, alters the surface expression of placental junctional proteins. This alteration could be mediated by the tyrosine-phosphorylation pathway. The changes suggest impaired barrier function rather than accelerated vascular growth. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 1185–1196]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051511
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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