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  • 2000-2004  (4)
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Material
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Malate, Citrate, and Amino Acids in Tall Fescue Cultivars (2000)
    Springer
    Semigroup forum 92 (2000), S. 206-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2137
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and related those concentrations to cultivar, harvest time, and grazing-animal preference. `Barcel', `Kenhy', `Kentucky-31', `Missouri-96', `Mozark', `Stargrazer', and the two accessions C1 and HiMag were established in three replicates within each of three pastures. Organic acids were determined on regrowth within each plot during four seasons and two years; amino acids were determined on regrowth of four cultivars across three replicates during both spring and fall seasons in one year. Malate and citrate were extracted with boiling water and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an organic acid column. Amino acids were hydrolyzed, separated by ion-exchange HPLC, and quantified as their ninhydrin derivatives. Both malate and citrate concentrations differed between years. During one year only, malate concentrations were higher in Kenhy (68 g kg−1 dry matter [DM], most preferred) than in Mozark (54 g kg−1 DM, least preferred). Citrate concentrations (13 g kg−1 DM) were not different among cultivars. Eighteen amino acids (including tryptophan) accounted for 75% of total N. Thus, tissue N data were used as covariates to amino acid data in the ANOVA. Kenhy contained higher concentrations of eight amino acids than did other cultivars. These differences may reflect presence of Lolium genes in Kenhy. Cattle (Bos taurus L.) grazing preference (0 = not eaten; 10 = completely eaten) was not related to malate, citrate, or amino acid concentrations among cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deoxyribonuclease Activity in Selenomonas ruminantium, Streptococcus bovis, and Bacteroides ovatus (2000)
    Springer
    Current microbiology 41 (2000), S. 182-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Six Selenomonas ruminantium strains (132c, JW13, SRK1, 179f, 5521c1, and 5934e), Streptococcus bovis JB1, and Bacteroides ovatus V975 were examined for nuclease activity as well as the ability to utilize nucleic acids, ribose, and 2-deoxyribose. Nuclease activity was detected in sonicated cells and culture supernatants for all bacteria except S. ruminantium JW13 and 179f sonicated cells. S. ruminantium strains were able to utilize several deoxyribonucleosides, while S. bovis JB1 and B. ovatus V975 showed little or no growth on all deoxyribonucleosides. When S. ruminantium strains 5934e, 132c, JW13, and SRK1 were incubated in medium that contained 15 mm ribose, the major end products were acetate, propionate, and lactate. S. ruminantium 5521c1 and S. bovis JB1 did not grow on ribose, and none of the S. ruminantium strains or S. bovis JB1 grew on 15 mm 2-deoxyribose. In contrast, B. ovatus V975 was able to grow on ribose and 2-deoxyribose. In conclusion, all S. ruminantium strains, S. bovis JB1, and B. ovatus V975 had nuclease activity. However, not all bacteria were able to utilize deoxyribonucleosides, ribose, or 2-deoxyribose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002840010115
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Thymol on Ruminal Microorganisms (2000)
    Springer
    Current microbiology 41 (2000), S. 336-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Thymol (5-methyl-2-isopropylphenol) is a phenolic compound that is used to inhibit oral bacteria. Because little is known regarding the effects of this compound on ruminal microorganisms, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of thymol on growth and lactate production by the ruminal bacteria Streptococcus bovis JB1 and Selenomonas ruminantium HD4. In addition, the effect of thymol on the in vitro fermentation of glucose by mixed ruminal microorganisms was investigated. Neither 45 nor 90 μg/ml of thymol had any significant effect on growth or lactate production by S. bovis JB1, but 180 μg/ml of thymol completely inhibited growth and lactate production. In the case of S. ruminantium HD4, 45 μg/ml of thymol had little effect on growth and lactate production; however, 90 μg/ml of thymol completely inhibited growth of S. ruminantium HD4. Thymol also decreased glucose uptake by whole cells of both bacteria. When mixed ruminal microorganisms were incubated in medium that contained glucose, 400 μg/ml of thymol increased final pH and the acetate to propionate ratio and decreased concentrations of methane, acetate, propionate, and lactate. In conclusion, thymol was a potent inhibitor of glucose fermentation by S. bovis JB1 and S. ruminantium HD4. Even though thymol treatment decreased methane and lactate concentrations and increased final pH in mixed ruminal microorganism fermentations of glucose, concentrations of acetate and propionate were also reduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002840010145
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors Affecting Glucose and Maltose Phosphorylation by the Ruminal Bacterium Megasphaera elsdenii (2000)
    Springer
    Current microbiology 40 (2000), S. 387-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of growth substrate and extracellular pH on phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent glucose phosphorylation as well as to examine how maltose is phosphorylated by the ruminal bacterium Megasphaera elsdenii B159. Phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent glucose phosphorylation by toluene-treated cells was constitutive, and glucose phosphorylation was reduced by 69% at pH 5.0. When toluene-treated cells were incubated in histidine buffer, little maltose phosphorylation occurred in the absence of inorganic phosphate. However, the addition of increasing concentrations of either potassium or sodium phosphate increased maltose phosphorylation. Maximal phosphorylation activity was observed at between 25 and 50 mM of either inorganic phosphate source. Compared with the control incubations, maltose phosphorylation was increased over threefold with 25 mM of either potassium or sodium phosphate. Phosphoglucomutase activity was detected in cell extracts of M. elsdenii B159, and this enzyme had a K m of 3.2 mM for glucose-1-P and a V max of 1836 nmol of NADP+ reduced/mg of protein per min. Maltose was also hydrolyzed by an inducible maltase (K m , 1.19 mM). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a maltose phosphorylase and a maltase in M. elsdenii.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002840010075
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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